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Facial Image-Based Autism Detection:A Comparative Study of Deep Neural Network Classifiers

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 105-126页

作者： Tayyaba Farhat Sheeraz Akram Hatoon SAlSagri Zulfiqar Ali Awais Ahmad Arfan Jaffar Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyThe Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh12571Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering(CSEE) University of EssexWivenhoe ParkColchesterCO43SQUK

Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant challenges in social interaction,communication,and repetitive *** and precise ASD detection is crucial,particularly in regions with limited diagnostic resources like *** study aims to conduct an extensive comparative analysis of various machine learning classifiers for ASD detection using facial images to identify an accurate and cost-effective solution tailored to the local *** research involves experimentation with VGG16 and MobileNet models,exploring different batch sizes,optimizers,and learning rate *** addition,the“Orange”machine learning tool is employed to evaluate classifier performance and automated image processing capabilities are utilized within the *** findings unequivocally establish VGG16 as the most effective classifier with a 5-fold cross-validation ***,VGG16,with a batch size of 2 and the Adam optimizer,trained for 100 epochs,achieves a remarkable validation accuracy of 99% and a testing accuracy of 87%.Furthermore,the model achieves an F1 score of 88%,precision of 85%,and recall of 90% on test *** validate the practical applicability of the VGG16 model with 5-fold cross-validation,the study conducts further testing on a dataset sourced fromautism centers in Pakistan,resulting in an accuracy rate of 85%.This reaffirms the model’s suitability for real-world ASD *** research offers valuable insights into classifier performance,emphasizing the potential of machine learning to deliver precise and accessible ASD diagnoses via facial image analysis.

关键词： Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) disease segmentation features optimization deep learning models facial images classification

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Recognition of American sign language using modified deep residual CNN with modified canny edge segmentation

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-28页

作者： Hariharan, U. Devarajan, Devikanniga Kumar, P. Santhosh Rajkumar, K. Meena, M. Akilan, T. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM University Karnataka Bengaluru561203 India Department of Information Technology Faculty of Engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Tamil Nadu Chennai600089 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Sairam Engineering College Tamil Nadu Tambaram602109 India Research Coordinator Dept. of IQAC Amity University Kolkata West Bengal 700135 India

American Sign Language (ASL) recognition aims to recognize hand gestures, and it is a crucial solution to communicating between the deaf community and hearing people. However, existing sign language recognition algorithms still have some drawbacks, such as difficulty recognizing hand movements and low recognition accuracy for most sign language recognition. A Modified Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN) deep residual 101 classifier-based American Sign Language identification system has been developed to address this problem. There are three main parts presents in the method. The first part is pre-processing the images to remove the noise, enhance the contrast of the picture, adjust the contrast level and smoothen the picture using various filters. The second part is the segmentation, and it’s used to partition the image using a modified canny edge detection method by removing all weak edges present in the image. Finally, classification will be done using the Modified CNN deep residual 101 classifiers. By classifying the image, the American Sign Language is accurately identified. This process is conducted through images. The outcome shows that the suggested approach has a 0.97% accuracy and a 0.05% False Positive Rate. Other CNN architectures such as resNet 50 and resNet 18 reached 0.90% and 0.80% accuracy, respectively, which is lower than our proposed method. In addition, the resNet 101 classifier effectively recognizes the difficult hand gestures through the image data. It obtains high recognition accuracy for 36 signs is 0 to 9 numbers and a to z alphabets from American Sign Language. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A measured inclusion of an RTI tool for the South Pacific 24

A measured inclusion of an RTI tool for the South Pacific

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7th International Conference on Software engineering and information Management, ICSIM 2024

作者： Sharma, Bibhya Reddy, Pritika Singh, Vineet School of Information Technology Engineering Mathematics and Physics The University of the South Pacific Fiji Department of Computing Science and Information Systems Fiji National University Fiji

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709197

Good Governance of any country is reflected through transparency and accountability of its activities and the availability of information and open data in a timely manner to its citizens. The Right to information (RTI) Act guides the government and its citizens to achieve the objectives availability, and effective communication between the government and society, hence leading to good governance. While there are about 135 countries globally who have adopted the RTI Act, the Act is yet to be fully enacted in Fiji and the advocacy and awareness about RTI is in the infancy stage. This study entails details of an RTI awareness initiative in Fiji through the design and implementation of an e-course. The RTI e-course was developed using Articulate Storyline 360 and integrated into a learning management platform - Moodle. The course was then piloted to the university students in Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu. The effectiveness of the course was measured in terms of course completion and collected feedback using an online questionnaire. The results from the Cronbach Alpha test showed that the RTI e-course was valid and reliable. Furthermore, the participants were satisfied with the design, structure and content of the e-course. The RTI e-course is the first-ever course on RTI as such this can be used by South Pacific countries to create awareness and educate their populace on their right to information. The awareness created will assist the people of the South Pacific to be more aware of the activities carried out by the government and eventually improve civic engagement and participation of the South Pacific populace to economic development of their society. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Transparency

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A Note on Even-Sized Spectral Clustering 13

A Note on Even-Sized Spectral Clustering

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Joint 13th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent systems and 25th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent systems, SCIS and ISIS 2024

作者： Miyakawa, Hiroki Endo, Yasunori Graduate School of Science and Technology Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Master's Program in Risk and Resilience Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Institute of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373332

Clustering is a typical unsupervised learning method for classifying unsupervised data. One of the clustering meth-ods, even-sized clustering based on optimization (ECBO), is a clustering algorithm that imposes a constraint to equalize the size of each cluster. ECBO has been suggested to be effective in delivery and other problems. However, it is limited to Euclidean space. On the other hand, spectral clustering with a wide range of applicability for partitioning graph data has been proposed. In this paper, we propose even-sized spectral clustering, which imposes a size-equal constraint on spectral clustering, and show that it is an extension of the graph partitioning problem. We also verify the validity of the results through numerical examples. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Unsupervised learning

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When LoRa meets distributed machine learning to optimize the network connectivity for green and intelligent transportation system

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第3期3卷 24-41页

作者： Malak Abid Ali Khan Hongbin Ma Arshad Farhad Asad Mujeeb Imran Khan Mirani Muhammad Hamza National Key Lab of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems School of AutomationBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Computer Science Namal UniversityPakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

LoRa technology contributes to green energy by enabling efficient,long-range communication for the Internet of Things(IoT).This paper addresses the challenges related to coverage range in outdoor monitoring systems utilizing LoRa,where the network performance is affected by the density of gateways(GWs)and end devices(EDs),as well as environmental *** mitigate interference,data throughput losses,and high-power consumption,the proposed spreading factor(SF)and hybrid(data rate|SF)models dynamically adjust the transmission *** orchestration of concurrent data modifications within the network server(NS)is crucial for uninterrupted communication between GWs and EDs,especially in monitoring electric vehicle(EV)stations to reduce traffic congestion and *** K-means and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)algorithms optimizes ED allocation,averts data congestion,and improves the signal-tointerference noise ratio(SINR).These methods ensure seamless information reception by meticulously allocated EDs across various GW *** estimate the free-space losses(FSL),a log-distance path loss model(log-PL)is *** various bandwidths(BWs),bidirectional communications,and duty cycles(DCs)helps to prevent saturation,thus prolonging the operational lifespan of *** findings reveal a notable packet rejection rate(PRR)of 0%for the DBSCAN(hybrid model).In contrast,the K-means exhibits a PRR ranging from 5%(hybrid model)to 35.29%(SF model)for the ten GWs ***,the network saturation is reduced to 10.185%and 9.503%,respectively,highlighting an improvement in the average efficiency of slotted ALOHA(91.1%)and pure ALOHA(90.7%).These enhancements increase the lifespan of EDs to 15,465.27 days.

关键词： DBSCAN Green transportation Hybrid model Intelligent transportation K-means

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Unveiling Veracity: An Integrated Semi-Supervised Algorithm for Fake News Detection 16

Unveiling Veracity: An Integrated Semi-Supervised Algorithm ...

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16th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Malik, Aman Behera, Dayal Kumar Swain, Amulya Ratna Hota, Jhalak Birla Institute of Technology and Science Department of Computer Science & Information Systems Hyderabad India Kiit University School of Computer Engineering Bhubaneswar India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371154

In recent years, the pervasive dissemination of misinformation and deliberately falsified content, commonly referred to as 'fake news,' has become a critical challenge in the realm of information dissemination. With the exponential growth of digital media and online platforms, the ease and speed at which misleading information can be generated and spread have increased substantially. Addressing the formidable task of detecting fake news has thus become an imperative within the field of information technology. The supervised model gives promising results. However, the availability of labelled data is critical in the realm of fake news detection. Leveraging unlabeled data alongside labelled data is an effective approach, but it requires careful handling. This paper explores the application of Semi-Supervised Learning for fake news detection by integrating label Propagation and various ML models as base classifiers. By leveraging both labelled and unlabeled data, label Propagation with CatBoost Classifier seeks to overcome traditional limitations, offering a promising avenue for bolstering the reliability of automated systems in distinguishing between authentic and deceptive information in the vast landscape of digital content. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： information dissemination

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Exploring the Feasibility and Challenges of Treating Follow-up Patients via a Mobile Platform in China

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Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 2025年第2期9卷 1-31页

作者： Fu, Jiaojiao Zhou, Yangfan Wang, Xin Guo, Yi School of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science Fudan University China School of Computer Science Fudan University China Shanghai Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing China

Mobile technology is being increasingly adopted in teleconsultation for its convenience and mobility. Although widely accepted by physicians for informal online consultations, the effectiveness of mobile platforms in formal medical interventions, such as follow-up treatments, remains largely underexplored. This research presents a case study from a Chinese hospital, examining how physicians use mobile platforms to treat chronic patients, the challenges they encounter, and their overall experience. The study aims to determine whether mobile technology can enable physicians to fulfill their responsibilities in managing chronic disease follow-ups online. Through observations and interviews, we found that using mobile platforms introduces significant challenges. Physicians operate in complex and varying environments, such as workplaces, homes, and even public areas, making them struggle to access comprehensive information, communicate effectively, and maintain detailed medical records. As a result, physicians face poor working conditions, reduced efficiency, and struggle to make accurate treatment decisions. This study highlights the need for policy reforms and technological innovations to ensure sustainable teleconsultation practices on mobile platforms. It contributes to the HCI and CSCW communities by highlighting the feasibility of using mobile platforms in online chronic disease follow-ups. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： mHealth

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Improving the Efficiency of Smart Grid Scheduling: A Linear Regression Model with Meta Job information 2

Improving the Efficiency of Smart Grid Scheduling: A Linear ...

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2nd International Conference on Cyber Resilience, ICCR 2024

作者： Al-Najjar, Hazem Al-Rousan, Nadia College Of Information Technology University Of Petra Department Of Computer Science Amman Jordan German Jordianian University Faculty Of Electrical Engineering And Information Systems Department Of Computer Engineering Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394962

In order to forecast the run time of the jobs that were submitted, this research provides two linear regression prediction models that include continuous and categorical factors. A continuous predictor is built using the number of CPUs, average CPU speed, and memory size, whereas a categorical predictor is built using the user ID, group ID, and executable ID. According to the findings, the prediction rates for categorical and continuous predictors are 61% and 1%, respectively. sixty times better than the earlier models, which used continuous variables as a foundational model to determine task complexity and weight. The effectiveness of the categorical predictor in enhancing a job scheduling problem is then evaluated by combining it with three suggested job scheduling strategies. The suggested algorithms incorporated metrics - predicted run time, waiting time, and resource requirement - to select the smallest jobs. According to the results, Algorithm 3 performs better than earlier models in both performance metrics. The variation in total execution time and average waiting time is 1.14 to 1.76 and 4.5, respectively compared to previous models, Additionally, Algorithms 1 and 2 demonstrating superior performance in every scenario. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Grid computing

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Optimizing Clustering Approaches in Cloud Environments

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies

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International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies 2023年第19期17卷 70-94页

作者： Al-Ghuwairi, Abdel-Rahman Al-Fraihat, Dimah Sharrab, Yousef Kreishan, Yazeed Alsarhan, Ayoub Idhaim, Hasan Qahmash, Ayman Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Prince Al-Hussein Bin Abdallah II for Information Technology The Hashemite University Zarqa Jordan Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Information Technology Isra University Amman Jordan Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Information Technology Isra University Amman Jordan Department of Information Technology Faculty of Prince Al-Hussein Bin Abdallah II for Information Technology The Hashemite University Zarqa Jordan Department of Information Systems Faculty of Prince Al-Hussein Bin Abdallah II for Information Technology The Hashemite University Zarqa Jordan Department of Information Systems Computer Science College King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia

This study focuses on the challenge of developing abstract models to differentiate various cloud resources. It explores the advancements in cloud products that offer specialized services to meet specific external needs. The study proposes a new approach to request processing in clusters, improving downtime, load distribution, and overall performance. A comparison of three clustering approaches is conducted: local single cluster, local multiple clusters, and multiple cloud clusters. Performance, scalability, fault tolerance, resource allocation, availability, and cost-effectiveness are evaluated through experiments with 50 requests. All three approaches achieve a 100% success rate, but processing times vary. The local single cluster has the longest duration, while the local multiple clusters and multiple cloud clusters perform better and offer faster processing, scalability, fault tolerance, and availability. From a cost perspective, the local single cluster and local multiple clusters incur capital and operational expenses, while the multiple cloud clusters follow a pay-as-you-go model. Overall, the local multiple clusters and multiple cloud clusters outperform the local single cluster in terms of performance, scalability, fault tolerance, resource allocation, availability, and cost-effectiveness. These findings provide valuable insights for selecting appropriate clustering strategies in cloud environments. © 2023 by the authors of this article. Published under CC-BY.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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A Comparative Study on Deep Learning based Segmentation Techniques for Tamil Inscriptions 8

A Comparative Study on Deep Learning based Segmentation Tech...

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8th International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud), I-SMAC 2024

作者： Poornimathi, K. Muralibhaskaran, V. Priya, L. Rajalakshmi Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Business Systems India Rajalakshmi Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering India Rajalakshmi Engineering College Department of Information Technology India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376425

The digitization and preservation of Tamil inscriptions are crucial for safeguarding the rich cultural heritage they represent. This study presents an in-depth evaluation of deep learning-based segmentation methods specifically designed for the complex and ancient Tamil script. Evaluate several cutting-edge deep learning models, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs), U-Net, and attention-based mechanisms, using a dataset of Tamil inscriptions. The evaluation criteria encompass segmentation accuracy, computational efficiency, and the ability to handle the noise and degradation common in historical artifacts. Our findings indicate that traditional methods often falter when faced with the complexities of Tamil script, whereas advanced deep learning techniques markedly enhance segmentation quality. This improvement facilitates more precise transcription and analysis. The comparison emphasizes the benefits and challenges of each method, delivering important insights into their effectiveness for cultural heritage preservation and paving the way for future research in the digitization of ancient scripts. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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