The thermal expansion of gas and the air permeability of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)were previously thought to be the main causes of bubbles and water loss during polymerase chain reaction(PCR),resulting in a very comp...
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The thermal expansion of gas and the air permeability of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)were previously thought to be the main causes of bubbles and water loss during polymerase chain reaction(PCR),resulting in a very complex chip design and ***,by calculating and characterizing bubble formation,we discovered that water vapor is the main cause of *** PCR,heat increases the volume of the bubble by a factor of only~0.2 in the absence of water vapor but by a factor of~6.4 in the presence of water *** addition,the phenomenon of"respiration"due to the repeated evaporation and condensation of water vapor accelerates the expansion of bubbles and the loss of water.A water seal above 109 kPa can effectively prevent bubbles in a bare PDMS chip with a simple structure,which is significant for the wide application of PDMS chips.
We propose a side-core holey fiber （SCHF）-based surface plasmon resonance （SPR） sensor to achieve high refractive index （RI） sensitivity. The SCHF structure can facilitate analyte filling and enhance the overlap...
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We propose a side-core holey fiber （SCHF）-based surface plasmon resonance （SPR） sensor to achieve high refractive index （RI） sensitivity. The SCHF structure can facilitate analyte filling and enhance the overlapping area of the core mode and surface plasmon polariton （SPP） mode. The coupling properties of the sensor are analyzed by numerical simulation. The maximum sensitivity of 5000 nm/RIU in an RI range of 1.33-1.44, and the average sensitivity of 9295 nm/RIU in an RI range from 1.44 to 1.54 can be obtained.
Constructing a vertical van der Waals heterostructure can effectively regulate the properties of a single 2D material. This paper constructs a vertical h-BN/WTe₂ heterostructure and uses first-principles methods based...
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Many information retrieval applications have to publish their outputs in the form of ranked lists, in which documents must be sorted in descending order according to their relevance to a given query. Many existing met...
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The gut microbiome forms a complex, scale-free network, where nonlinear interactions among microorganisms link dietary nutrients to host physiology. Traditional methods often struggle with the nonlinearity and sparsit...
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A new complementary interface charge island structure of SOI high voltage device（CNI SOI） and its model are *** SOI is characterized by equidistant high concentration n＋-regions on the top and bottom interfaces of ...
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A new complementary interface charge island structure of SOI high voltage device（CNI SOI） and its model are *** SOI is characterized by equidistant high concentration n＋-regions on the top and bottom interfaces of dielectric buried *** a high voltage is applied to the device,complementary hole and electron islands are formed on the two n＋-regions on the top and bottom *** introduced interface charges effectively increase the electric field of the dielectric buried layer（EI） and reduce the electric field of the silicon layer（ES）,which result in a high breakdown voltage（BV）.The influence of structure parameters and its physical mechanism on breakdown voltage are investigated for CNI ***=731 V/μm and BV=750 V are obtained by 2D simulation on a 1-μm-thick dielectric layer and 5-μm-thick top silicon ***,enhanced field EI and reduced field ES by the accumulated interface charges reach 641.3 V/μm and 23.73 V/μm,respectively.
This paper considers the distributed estimation of a source parameter using quantized sensor observations in a wireless sensor network with noisy channels. Repetition codes are used to transmit quantization bits of se...
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This paper considers the distributed estimation of a source parameter using quantized sensor observations in a wireless sensor network with noisy channels. Repetition codes are used to transmit quantization bits of sensor observations and a quasi best linear unbiased estimate is constructed to estimate the source parameter. Simulations show that the estimation scheme achieves a better power and spectral efficiency than the previous scheme.
In the two-tier macro-femto heterogeneous network, hybrid access is regarded as the most ideal access con- trol approach to mitigating macro-femto cross-tier interference and enhancing overall network performance. How...
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In the two-tier macro-femto heterogeneous network, hybrid access is regarded as the most ideal access con- trol approach to mitigating macro-femto cross-tier interference and enhancing overall network performance. However, the implementation of hybrid access is hindered by a lack of incentive market mechanism to motivate private femtocell owners to offer access permissions to macro users. In this paper, we propose a reverse auction framework for access permission transaction between a macrocell operator and multiple femtocell owners to promote hybrid access. Our goal is to maximize social welfare while guaranteeing the truthfulness of the auction. Since the coverage of multiple femtocells may overlap, we partition each cell to adjust the granularity of access permission availability. We first propose a Vickery-Clarke-Grove （VCG）-based mechanism, which costs the least among all auction mechanisms that produce maximum social welfare. As the VCG mechanism is too time-consuming, we propose two alternative truthful mechanisms, namely, generalized second- price and suboptimal mechanism. We further extend the auction framework to the scenario where femtocell owners have heterogeneous valuations for access permissions in different locations.
To accelerate the water dissociation in the Volmer step and alleviate the destruction of bubbles to the physical structure of catalysts during the alkaline hydrogen evolution, an integrated electrode of cobalt oxide a...
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To accelerate the water dissociation in the Volmer step and alleviate the destruction of bubbles to the physical structure of catalysts during the alkaline hydrogen evolution, an integrated electrode of cobalt oxide and cobalt-molybdenum oxide grown on Ni foam, named CoO-Co 2 Mo 3 O 8 , is designed. This integrated electrode enhances the catalyst-substrate interaction confirmed by a micro-indentation tester, and thus hinders the destruction of the physical structure of catalysts caused by bubbles. Electrochemical testing shows the occurrence of a surface reconstruction of the integrated electrode, and CoO is transformed into Co(OH) 2 , denoted as Co(OH) 2 -Co 2 Mo 3 O 8 . Theoretical calculations determine that Co(OH) 2 -Co 2 Mo 3 O 8 has significantly low activation barrier for water dissociation and presents easy hydroxide desorption, which accelerate the catalytic reaction. Electrochemical experiments show that Co(OH) 2 -Co 2 Mo 3 O 8 exhibits outstanding activity, reaching current density values of −100 and −1000 mA cm −2 with overpotentials only 57.8 and 195.8 mV, respectively. Furthermore, it demonstrates excellent stability at −500 and −1000 mA cm −2 for 200 h. Combined with the previously reported anode, the two-electrode system also provides the stable operation from 100 to 1000 mA cm −2 for 600 h in alkaline solution, and over 200 h at 500 and 1000 mA cm −2 in alkaline seawater.
In recent years, theoretical and practical research on event-based communication strategies has gained considerable research attention due primarily to their irreplaceable superiority in resource-constrained systems（...
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In recent years, theoretical and practical research on event-based communication strategies has gained considerable research attention due primarily to their irreplaceable superiority in resource-constrained systems（especially networked systems）. For networked systems, event-based transmission scheme is capable of improving the efficiency in resource utilization and prolonging the lifetime of the network components compared with the widely adopted periodic transmission scheme. As such, it would be interesting to 1） examining how the event-triggering mechanisms affect the control or filtering performance for networked systems, and 2） developing some suitable approaches for the controller and filter design problems. In this paper, a bibliographical review is presented on event-based control and filtering problems for various networked systems. First, the event-driven communication scheme is introduced in detail according to its engineering background, characteristic, and representative research frameworks. Then, different event-based control and filtering（or state estimation） problems are categorized and then discussed. Finally, we conclude the paper by outlining future research challenges for event-based networked systems.
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