Blockchain technology, born as the backbone of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, has rapidly expanded into a versatile platform spanning various industries. This review paper delves into the critical aspects of security ...
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Focusing on the low open circuit voltage(V_(OC))and fill factor(FF)in flexible Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)solar cells,indium(In)ions are introduced into the CZTSSe absorbers near Mo foils to modify the back interface...
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Focusing on the low open circuit voltage(V_(OC))and fill factor(FF)in flexible Cu_(2)ZnSn(S,Se)_(4)(CZTSSe)solar cells,indium(In)ions are introduced into the CZTSSe absorbers near Mo foils to modify the back interface and passivate deep level defects in CZTSSe bulk concurrently for improving the performance of flexible *** results show that In doping effectively inhibits the formation of secondary phase(Cu(S,Se)_(2))and *** studies demonstrate that the barrier height at the back interface is decreased and the deep level defects(Cu_(Sn)defects)in CZTSSe bulk are ***,the carrier concentration is increased and the V_(OC) deficit(V_(OC,def))is decreased significantly due to In ***,the flexible CZTSSe solar cell with 10.01%power conversion efficiency(PCE)has been *** synergistic strategy of interface modification and bulk defects passivation through In incorporation provides a new thought for the fabrication of efficient flexible kesterite-based solar cells.
Traffic classification occupies a significant role in cybersecurity and network management. The widespread of encryption transmission protocols such as SSL/TLS has led to the dominance of deep learning based approache...
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Traffic classification occupies a significant role in cybersecurity and network management. The widespread of encryption transmission protocols such as SSL/TLS has led to the dominance of deep learning based approaches. In cybersecurity, strong adversaries often complicate their strategies by constantly developing emerging attacks. Meanwhile, security practitioners desire to grasp the reasons for inference results. However, existing deep learning approaches lack efficient adaptation for incremental traffic types and often have less interpretability. In this paper, we propose I $^{2}$ RNN, an Incremental and Interpretable Recurrent Neural Network for encrypted traffic classification. The I $^{2}$ RNN proposes a novel propagation process to extract the sequence fingerprints from sessions with local robustness. Meanwhile, this proposal provides interpretability including time-series feature attribution and inter-class similarity portrait. Moreover, we design I $^{2}$ RNN in an incremental manner to adapt to emerging traffic types. The I $^{2}$ RNN only needs to train an additional set of parameters for the newly added traffic type rather than retraining the whole model with the entire dataset. Extensive experimental results show that our I $^{2}$ RNN can achieve remarkable performance in traffic classification, incremental learning, and model interpretability. Compared with other local interpretability methods, our I $^{2}$ RNN exhibits excellent stability, robustness, and effectiveness in the interpretation of network traffic data. IEEE
3-Hydroxypropionic Acid(3-HP)is recognized as a high value-added chemical with a broad range of *** the various biosynthetic pathways for 3-HP production,theβ-alanine pathway is particularly noteworthy due to its cap...
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3-Hydroxypropionic Acid(3-HP)is recognized as a high value-added chemical with a broad range of *** the various biosynthetic pathways for 3-HP production,theβ-alanine pathway is particularly noteworthy due to its capacity to generate 3-HP from glucose at a high theoretical *** this study,theβ-alanine biosynthesis pathway was introduced and optimized in Corynebacterium *** strategically regulating the supply of precursors,we successfully engineered a strain capable of efficiently synthesizing 3-HP through theβ-alanine pathway,utilizing glucose as the *** engineered strain CgP36 produced 47.54 g/L 3-HP at a yield of 0.295 g/g glucose during the fed-batch fermentation in a 5 L fermenter,thereby attaining the highest 3-HP titer obtained from glucose via theβ-alanine pathway.
Hybrid tandem perovskite-organic LED has been developed to achieve high external quantum efficiency,narrow linewidth,and extended device lifespan,which shows great promise for future perovskite-EL-based commercial app...
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Hybrid tandem perovskite-organic LED has been developed to achieve high external quantum efficiency,narrow linewidth,and extended device lifespan,which shows great promise for future perovskite-EL-based commercial applications.
Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques are increasingly being used for the inverse design of microwave devices. However, several challenges, including intensive computation costs for training samples, high-dimensiona...
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This work addresses bi-objective hybrid flow shop scheduling problems considering consistent sublots(Bi-HFSP_CS).The objectives are to minimize the makespan and total energy ***,the Bi-HFSP_CS is formalized,followed b...
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This work addresses bi-objective hybrid flow shop scheduling problems considering consistent sublots(Bi-HFSP_CS).The objectives are to minimize the makespan and total energy ***,the Bi-HFSP_CS is formalized,followed by the establishment of a mathematical ***,enhanced version of the artificial bee colony(ABC)algorithms is proposed for tackling the Bi-HFSP_***,fourteen local search operators are employed to search for better *** different Q-learning tactics are developed to embed into the ABC algorithm to guide the selection of operators throughout the iteration ***,the proposed tactics are assessed for their efficacy through a comparison of the ABC algorithm,its three variants,and three effective algorithms in resolving 95 instances of 35 different *** experimental results and analysis showcase that the enhanced ABC algorithm combined with Q-learning(QABC1)demonstrates as the top performer for solving concerned *** study introduces a novel approach to solve the Bi-HFSP_CS and illustrates its efficacy and superior competitive strength,offering beneficial perspectives for exploration and research in relevant domains.
Long-tailed multi-label text classification aims to identify a subset of relevant labels from a large candidate label set, where the training datasets usually follow long-tailed label distributions. Many of the previo...
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Long-tailed multi-label text classification aims to identify a subset of relevant labels from a large candidate label set, where the training datasets usually follow long-tailed label distributions. Many of the previous studies have treated head and tail labels equally, resulting in unsatisfactory performance for identifying tail labels. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel learning method that combines arbitrary models with two steps. The first step is the “diverse ensemble” that encourages diverse predictions among multiple shallow classifiers, particularly on tail labels, and can improve the generalization of tail *** second is the “error correction” that takes advantage of accurate predictions on head labels by the base model and approximates its residual errors for tail labels. Thus, it enables the “diverse ensemble” to focus on optimizing the tail label performance. This overall procedure is called residual diverse ensemble(RDE). RDE is implemented via a single-hidden-layer perceptron and can be used for scaling up to hundreds of thousands of labels. We empirically show that RDE consistently improves many existing models with considerable performance gains on benchmark datasets, especially with respect to the propensity-scored evaluation ***, RDE converges in less than 30 training epochs without increasing the computational overhead.
This study proposes an accurate dead zone compensation control method for electro-hydrostatic actuators(EHAs)under low-speed ***,the nonlinear dead zone characteristics under low-speed conditions are summarized based ...
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This study proposes an accurate dead zone compensation control method for electro-hydrostatic actuators(EHAs)under low-speed ***,the nonlinear dead zone characteristics under low-speed conditions are summarized based on numerous EHA *** adaptive compensation function(ACF)is then constructed for the dead ***,this study proposes an adaptive dead zone compensation control method for EHAs by integrating the ACF with a virtual decomposition controller(VDC)based on the established EHA *** stability of the proposed control method is also ***,the proposed control method is verified using an EHA *** test results show that the dead zone trajectory tracking errors of EHAs are significantly reduced when combined with the ***,since most EHAs are controlled by adjusting the motor speed,the method presented in this study is simpler and easier to use than methods that employ flow compensation.
A sensitivity-enhanced hot-wire anemometer based on a cladding-etched optical fiber Bragg grating(FBG)coated with a layer of silver film and optically heated by using a 1480nm laser diode is *** silver film absorbs th...
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A sensitivity-enhanced hot-wire anemometer based on a cladding-etched optical fiber Bragg grating(FBG)coated with a layer of silver film and optically heated by using a 1480nm laser diode is *** silver film absorbs the laser power to heat the FBG to a certain high temperature and the airflow cools down the FBG hot-wire with the cooling effect and hence the Bragg wavelength of the FBG is determined by the airflow *** measurement results show that the heating efficiency of the FBG hot wire is improved by 3.8times in magnitude by etching the fiber cladding from 125μm down to 73.4μm,and the achieved airflow velocity sensitivities,under a laser power of 200mW,are–3180pm/(m/s),–889pm/(m/s),–268pm/(m/s),and–8.7pm/(m/s)at different airflow velocities of 0.1m/s,0.5m/s,1.5m/s,and 17m/s,*** comparison,the sensitivities are only–2193 pm/(m/s),–567 pm/(m/s),–161 pm/(m/s),and–4.9pm/(m/s)for the reference anemometer without cladding etching even at a much higher heating laser power of *** results prove that the method by using a cladding-etched FBG to improve sensitivity of FBG-based hot-wire anemometers works and the sensitivity is improved significantly.
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