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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第6期5卷 2708-2722页

作者： Xiang, Guodu Wang, Hao Yu, Kui Guo, Xianjie Cao, Fuyuan Song, Yukun Hefei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with the Big Data of Ministry of Education Hefei230601 China Hefei University of Technology School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei230601 China Shanxi University School of Computer and Information Technology Taiyuan030006 China

Learning causal structures from observational data is critical for causal discovery and many machine learning tasks. Traditional constraint-based methods first adopt conditional independence (CI) tests to learn a global skeleton layer by layer and then orient the undirected edges to obtain a causal structure. However, the reliability of these statistical tests largely depends on the quality of data samples. In real-life scenarios, the presence of data noise or limited samples often makes many CI tests unreliable at each layer in the skeleton learning phase, leading to an inaccurate skeleton. As the number of layers increases, the inaccurate skeleton will continue to impair the skeleton construction of subsequent layers. Furthermore, an unreliable skeleton hampers the skeleton orientation procedure, resulting in an unsatisfactory causal structure. In this article, we propose a Bootstrap-based layerwise refining (BLR) algorithm for causal structure learning, which includes two new procedures to solve the above problems. First, BLR utilizes a novel layerwise skeleton refining procedure to construct the global skeleton layer by layer based on the bootstrap sampling. Second, BLR employs a collective skeleton orientation procedure that incorporates scoring techniques to collectively orient the global skeleton. The experimental results show that BLR outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on the benchmark Bayesian Network datasets. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Refining

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A spawning particle filter for defocused moving target detection in GNSS-based passive radar

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Journal of systems engineering and Electronics 2023年第5期34卷 1085-1100页

作者： ZENG Hongcheng DENG Jiadong WANG Pengbo ZHOU Xinkai YANG Wei CHEN Jie School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Microwave China Academy of Space TechnologyXi’an 710000China

Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-based passive radar(GBPR)has been widely used in remote sensing ***,for moving target detection(MTD),the quadratic phase error(QPE)introduced by the non-cooperative target motion is usually difficult to be compensated,as the low power level of the GBPR echo signal renders the estimation of the Doppler rate less ***,the moving target in GBPR image is usually defocused,which aggravates the difficulty of target detection even *** this paper,a spawning particle filter(SPF)is proposed for defocused ***,the measurement model and the likelihood ratio function(LRF)of the defocused point-like target image are ***,a spawning particle set is generated for subsequent target detection,with reference to traditional particles in particle filter(PF)as their *** that,based on the PF estimator,the SPF algorithm and its sequential Monte Carlo(SMC)implementation are proposed with a novel amplitude estimation method to decrease the target state ***,the effectiveness of the proposed SPF is demonstrated by numerical simulations and pre-liminary experimental results,showing that the target range and Doppler can be estimated accurately.

关键词： Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-based passive radar(GBPR) defocused target moving target detec-tion(MTD) likelihood ratio function(LRF) spawning particle fil-ter(SPF)

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Enhanced piezoelectricity and lager strain in Bi0.5Li0.5HfO3 doped sodium potassium niobate-based ceramics with high Curie temperatures

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Ceramics International 2025年第15期51卷 20992-20998页

作者： Li, Yuxuan Peng, Zhanhui Chai, Qizhen Wang, Yuanhao Nie, Xinru Wei, Lingling Liang, Pengfei Wu, Di Chao, Xiaolian Yang, Zupei Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Shaanxi Xi'an710062 China Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Electronic Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University Shaanxi Xi'an710062 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Shaanxi Xi'an710062 China

High-temperature electronic ceramics are indispensable in applications such as the automotive sector, aerospace, oil exploration and other fields. Potassium sodium niobate-based (KNN-based) ceramics have emerged as critical materials for the development of environmentally friendly high-temperature sensors, filters, and other electronic devices. However, achieving a combination of superior piezoelectric properties and a high Curie temperature in KNN-based ceramics remains a significant challenge. In this study, we employed a strategy of constructing an orthorhombic-tetragonal (O-T) phase boundary with the objective of enhancing the piezoelectric properties of KNN-based ceramics and introduced Li+ to optimize the Curie temperature. In (1-x)K0.48Na0.52NbO3-xBi0.5Li0.5HfO3 ceramics, we realized high piezoelectric constant ∼ 340 pC/N, large strain (∼0.21 %) and elevated Curie temperature (Tc ∼ 354 °C) simultaneously. These findings not only identify a promising candidate for high-temperature sensors and filters but also provide valuable insights for advancing the design of high Curie temperature and lead-free piezoelectric ceramics based on KNN systems. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Piezoelectricity

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Realization of quantum ground state in an optomechanical crystal cavity

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第12期66卷 110-118页

作者： Yu Wang Zhi-Peng Shi Hong-Yi Kuang Xiang Xi Shuai Wan Zhen Shen Pi-Yu Wang Guan-Ting Xu Xiankai Sun Chang-Ling Zou Guang-Can Guo Chun-Hua Dong CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

Ground-state cooling of the mechanical degree of freedom is a fundamental requirement for quantum state transfer between relevant optical and mechanical ***,we fabricate optomechanical crystal cavities with co-localized mechanical and optical modes on a monolithic *** typical linewidth of the optical modes at telecom wavelength is as low as 0.95 GHz,and the mechanical resonant frequency is around 5 GHz,which means the optomechanical system can be operated in the resolved sideband *** the statistics of the asymmetry in the scattering rates of red and blue detuning driving processes,we initialize and characterize the mechanical system in its quantum ground-state of motion,with a mean thermal phonon occupancy nth=0.018±0.0034,corresponding to a mode temperature of 57.3 m *** is a general platform for quantum state transfer between relevant optical and mechanical systems,as well as the quantum entanglement between these systems.

关键词： microcavity cavity optomechanics optomechanical crystal cavity quantum ground state

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VMMAO-YOLO:an ultra-lightweight and scale-aware detector for real-time defect detection of avionics thermistor wire solder joints

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Frontiers of Mechanical engineering 2024年第3期19卷 77-92页

作者： Xiaoqi YANG Xingyue LIU Qian WU Guojun WEN Shuang MEI Guanglan LIAO Tielin SHI School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The quality of the exposed avionics solder joints has a significant impact on the stable operation of the inorbit ***,the previously reported inspection methods for multi-scale solder joint defects generally suffer low accuracy and slow detection ***,a novel real-time detector VMMAO-YOLO is demonstrated based on variable multi-scale concurrency and multi-depth aggregation network(VMMANet)backbone and“one-stop”global information gather-distribute(OS-GD)*** with infrared thermography technology,it can achieve fast and high-precision detection of both internal and external solder joint ***,VMMANet is designed for efficient multi-scale feature extraction,which mainly comprises variable multi-scale feature concurrency(VMC)and multi-depth feature aggregation-alignment(MAA)*** can extract multi-scale features via multiple fix-sized and deformable convolutions,while MAA can aggregate and align multi-depth features on the same order for feature *** allows the low-level features with more spatial details to be transmitted in depth-wise,enabling the deeper network to selectively utilize the preceding inference *** VMMANet replaces inefficient highdensity deep convolution by increasing the width of intermediate feature levels,leading to a salient decline in *** OS-GD is developed for efficacious feature extraction,aggregation and distribution,further enhancing the global information gather and deployment capability of the *** a self-made solder joint image data set,the VMMAOYOLO achieves a mean average precision mAP@0.5 of 91.6%,surpassing all the mainstream YOLO-series ***,the VMMAO-YOLO has a body size of merely 19.3 MB and a detection speed up to 119 frame per second,far superior to the prevalent YOLO-series detectors.

关键词： defect detection of solder joints VMMAO-YOLO ultra-lightweight and high-performance multiscale feature extraction VMC and MAA modules OS-GD

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MCFF-Net: Multi-Scale Contextual Feature Fusion Network for Polyp Segmentation

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (science) 2025年 1-13页

作者： Ma, Lei Yan, Jiangkai Shao, Dangguo Li, Jingtao Wang, Jiawei Yan, Yukun Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650500 China Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Kunming650500 China

In clinical practice, technologies for automatically segmenting polyps might greatly improve the speed and accuracy of medical diagnosis, significantly reducing the chances of patients developing colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, the segmentation of polyps presents a considerable challenge due to their low contrast, presence of occlusion, and intricate background disturbances. In this paper, we propose an innovative approach for segmenting polyps, called multi-scale contextual feature fusion network for polyp segmentation (MCFF-Net). Specifically, MCFF-Net includes three modules: feature enhancement module (FEM), global-local feature fusion module (GLFF), and cross-scale feature fusion module (CFFM). Among them, FEM is used to improve the features at each scale. Building on this, the CFFM enables comprehensive interaction among the information across various scales, enhancing the diversity of the feature scales extracted. Moreover, the GLFF fuses global-local features to generate a rough object localization map. This map further modulates the fusion features from the CFFM, facilitating more precise segmentation. On five publicly available datasets, our approach not only segments various polyp types but also surpasses existing methods in terms of accuracy and generalizability. © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2024.

关键词： Diseases

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Facile purification and immobilization of organophosphorus hydrolase on protein-inorganic hybrid phosphate nanosheets

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2023年第4期56卷 119-125页

作者： Zhenfu Wang Jie Gao Qinghong Shi Xiaoyan Dong Yan Sun Department of Biochemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology(Ministry of Education)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Oriented immobilization of enzymes helps to maintain their native structure and proper orientation for high-performance engineering to meet extensive biocatalysis ***,the supporting materials used for orientated immobilization are usually costly or complicated in preparation,affecting their practical *** this work,a facile purification and immobilization method was proposed for enzyme immobilization based on organic-inorganic hybrid calcium phosphate nanocrystal(Ca Ps)induced by Cu^(2+) modified bovine serum albumin(BSA-Cu).Then,the as-prepared hybrid calcium phosphate nanosheet,BSA-Cu@Ca Ps,was utilized for one-pot purification and immobilization of His-tagged organophosphorus hydrolase(OPH)by metal-affinity binding to the incorporated ***-Cu@Ca PsOPH exhibited enhanced p H stability and thermal stability compared to the free ***,BSA-Cu@Ca Ps-OPH could retain more than 75%and 56%of initial activity after reuse 5 and 10 times,*** results demonstrated that this facile strategy was promising for the effective biodegradation of organophosphorus pesticides with the immobilized enzyme.

关键词： Calcium phosphate nanocrystal(CaPs) Biomimetic mineralization Organophosphorus hydrolase(OPH) Oriented immobilization Hydrolysis Methyl parathion

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Smart fiber-optic masks: real-time respiratory monitoring and health analysis

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 216-227页

作者： Qi YU Ya-Nan ZHANG Jiaqi ZHANG Shuang YANG Lingxiao JIANG Xuegang LI College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College

In this study, we design a smart mask based on an ultrathin retractable flexible fiber optic sensor with high sensitivity(0.56 V/m-1), ultra-light mass（0.24 g）, and excellent tensile properties. The sensor was integrated with a medical mask to recognize multiple breathing patterns（standard, fast, slow, shallow, deep, breath-holding）, coughing, and speaking,as well as to study gender characteristics and physiological differences in the respiratory system. By comparing the nasal-oral respiratory waveforms and frequencies, guidance for respiratory correction was provided. In addition, affixing flexible fiber optic sensors to the outside of the mask reduces the risk of cross-infection and significantly reduces temperature and humidity disturbances. Studies have shown that nine sensor locations placed on the outside of the mask responded significantly to respiratory waveforms. For personalized health management, the system is also equipped with a communication module,web and mobile apps to support data downloads, real-time monitoring, and exception alerts.

关键词： smart mask respiratory monitoring fiber optic sensor health management anti-interference

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Developing microwave-induced thermoacoustic tomography:System,application,and reconstruction

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Journal of Electronic science and technology 2023年第4期21卷 1-19页

作者： Shuang-Li Liu Wan-Ting Peng Xiao-Zhang Zhu Jian Song Xin Shang Hua Zhang Zhi-Qin Zhao School of Information Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621010China School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Computer Technologies Application Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China

A microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging(MITAT)system is a non-destructive physical medical imaging method that combines the advantages of the high contrast of microwave imaging and the high resolution of ultrasound *** uses the microwave as the excitation source and ultrasound as the information *** different kinds of biological tissue absorb electromagnetic energy,it results in localized temperature *** thermal expansion will induce ultrasonic signals(i.e.,thermoacoustic signals),known as the thermoacoustic *** microwave absorption image of the sample can be reconstructed by algorithm *** MITAT contrast depends on different dielectric parameters of different kinds of *** introduce the developed system and its *** addition,the challenges and prospects of MITAT for further development are discussed.

关键词： Application Microwave-induced thermoacoustic tomography(MITAT) Reconstruction System

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Multiple effects of polydopamine nanoparticles on Cu^(2+)-mediated Alzheimer's β-amyloid aggregation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2023年第2期54卷 144-152页

作者： Xueqing Chen Weiqun Gao Yan Sun Xiaoyan Dong Department of Biochemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology(Ministry of Education)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Deposition of β-amyloid protein(Aβ) is the main hallmark of Alzheimer's disease(AD), and it has been well recognized that Cu^(2+)-mediated Aβ aggregation plays a crucial role in AD pathological ***^(2+)binding to Aβ can promote the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) through Fenton-like reactions and produce more toxic Aβ-Cu^(2+)species under Cu^(2+)stimulation. Thus, the development of nanomaterials that can inhibit Cu^(2+)-mediated Aβ aggregation and degrade Aβ-Cu^(2+)complexes is considered an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of AD. In this study, polydopamine nanoparticles(PDA NPs) were prepared and the results reveal that PDA NPs potently inhibit Cu^(2+)-mediated Aβaggregation and effectively reduce the formation of Aβ-Cu^(2+)complexes. In vitro experiments show that PDA NPs efficiently eliminate ROS generation catalyzed by Cu^(2+)or Aβ-Cu^(2+)complexes, thus rescuing cultured cells by reducing intracellular ROS levels. More importantly, PDA NPs can depolymerize Aβ-Cu^(2+)complexes, and the degradation of Aβ-Cu^(2+)complexes is promoted by near-infrared light irradiation due to their high photothermal conversion ability. In vivo studies reveal that PDA NPs significantly reduce the deposition of Aβ plaques in the presence of Cu^(2+)and extend the lifespan of AD nematodes from 11 to 14 d. Thus, the PDA NPs developed herein are multifunctional against Cu^(2+)-mediated Aβ aggregation for the potential prevention and treatment of AD.

关键词： Protein Aggregation Nanoparticles Photothermal therapy Reactive oxygen species Cu^(2+)chelator

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