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Integral experiment on slab^(nat)Pb using D-T and D-D neutron sources to validate evaluated nuclear data

nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第3期36卷 119-133页

作者： Kuo-Zhi Xu Yang-Bo Nie Chang-Lin Lan Yan-Yan Ding Shi-Yu Zhang Qi Zhao Xin-Yi Pan Jie Ren Xi-Chao Ruan Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Lead(Pb)plays a significant role in the nuclear industry and is extensively used in radiation shielding,radiation protection,neutron moderation,radiation measurements,and various other critical ***,the measurement and evaluation of Pb nuclear data are highly regarded in nuclear scientific research,emphasizing its crucial role in the *** the time-of-flight(ToF)method,the neutron leakage spectra from three^(nat)Pb samples were measured at 60°and 120°based on the neutronics integral experimental facility at the China Institute of Atomic Energy(CIAE).The^(nat)Pb sample sizes were30 cm×30 cm×5 cm,30 cm×30 cm×10 cm,and 30 cm×30 cm×15 *** sources were generated by the Cockcroft-Walton accelerator,producing approximately 14.5 MeV and 3.5 MeV neutrons through the T(d,n)^(4)He and D(d,n)^(3)He reactions,*** neutron spectra were also calculated by employing the Monte Carlo code of MCNP-4C,and the nuclear data of Pb isotopes from four libraries:CENDL-3.2,JEFF-3.3,JENDL-5,and ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 were used *** comparing the simulation and experimental results,improvements and deficiencies in the evaluated nuclear data of the Pb isotopes were *** of the calculated results were consistent with the experimental results;however,a few areas did not fit *** the(n,el)energy range,the simulated results from CENDL-3.2 were significantly overestimated;in the(n,inl)D and the(n,inl)C energy regions,the results from CENDL-3.2 and ENDF/B-Ⅷ.0 were significantly overestimated at 120°,and the results from JENDL-5 and JEFF-3.3 are underestimated at 60°in the(n,inl)D energy *** calculated spectra were analyzed by comparing them with the experimental spectra in terms of the neutron spectrum shape and C/E *** results indicate that the theoretical simulations,using different data libraries,overestimated or underestimated the measured values in certain energy *** neutron energies and angular distributions in

关键词： Integral experiment Neutron leakage spectra ^(nat)Pb D-T and D-D neutron sources Evaluated nuclear data

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Detector array with digital data acquisition system for charged-particle decay studies

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nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第4期36卷 140-150页

作者： Hao Jian Xin-Xing Xu Kai-Long Wang Jia-Jian Liu Chao-Yi Fu Peng-Jie Li Yan-Yun Yang Guang-Xin Zhang Kang Wang Fang-Fang Duan Long-Hui Ru Guang-Shun Li Bing Ding Yun-Hua Qiang Cen-Xi Yuan Jun-Bing Ma Shi-Wei Xu Yu-Feng Gao Rui Fan Fan-Chao Dai Si-Xian Zha Hao-Fan Zhu Jin-Hai Li Shu-Lian Qin Zhi-Fang Chang Cheng Kong He-Xuan Yan Hao-Wei Xu Jia-Long Ning Bo-Ren Liu Jie Zhou Yu-Dong Chen Bo-Shuai Cai Yu-Ting Wang Hong-Yi Wu Zhi-Xuan Wang Dong-Sheng Hou Hu-Shan Xu Xiao-Hong Zhou Yu-Hu Zhang Meng Wang Zheng-Guo Hu Jenny Lee State Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Science and Technology Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou 516003China Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

A state-of-the-art detector array with a digital data acquisition system has been developed for charged-particle decay studies,includingβ-delayed protons,αdecay,and direct proton emissions from exotic proton-rich *** digital data acquisition system enables precise synchronization and processing of complex signals from various detectors,such as plastic scintillators,silicon detectors,and germaniumγ*** system's performance was evaluated using theβdecay of^(32)Ar and its neighboring nuclei,produced via projectile fragmentation at the first Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou(RIBLL1).Key measurements,including the half-life,charged-particle spectrum,andγ-ray spectrum,were obtained and compared with previous results for *** the implantation–decay method,the isotopes of interest were implanted into two doublesided silicon strip detectors,where their subsequent decays were measured and correlated with preceding implantations using both position and time *** detection system has potential for further applications,including the study ofβ-delayed charged-particle decay and direct proton emissions from even more exotic proton-rich nuclei.

关键词： β-delayed proton decay Double-sided silicon strip detector High-purity germanium detector Digital data acquisition system Implantation–decay correlation

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A perspective on describing nucleonic flow and pionic observables within the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model

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nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第3期36卷 105-118页

作者： Yang-Yang Liu Jun-Ping Yang Yong-Jia Wang Qing-Feng Li Zhu-Xia Li Cheng-Jun Xia Ying-Xun Zhang China Nuclear Data Center China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Science Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Center for Gravitation and Cosmology College of Physical Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China

In this work,we study the impacts of the isospin-independent momentum-dependent interaction(MDI)and near-threshold NN→NΔcross sections(σ_(NN→NΔ))on the nucleonic flow and pion production observables in the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics(UrQMD)*** the updated isospin-independent MDI and the near-threshold NN→NΔcross sections in the Ur QMD model,17 observables,which are the directed flow(v_(1))and elliptic flow(v_(2))of neutrons,protons,Hydrogen(H),and charged particles as a function of transverse momentum(p_t∕A)or normalized rapidity(y^(lab)_0),and the observables constructed from them,the charged pion multiplicity(M(π))and its ratio(M(π^(-))∕M(π^(+))),can be simultaneously described at certain forms of symmetry *** refinement of the UrQMD model provides a solid foundation for further understanding the effects of the missed physics,such as the threshold effect,the pion potential,and the momentum-dependent symmetry *** constraints on the symmetry energy at the flow characteristic density 1.2±0.6ρ_(0)and the pion characteristic density 1.5±0.5ρ_(0)were obtained with the current version of UrQMD,and the corresponding symmetry energies were S(1.2ρ_(0))=34±4 MeV and S(1.5ρ_(0))=36±8 MeV,***,the discrepancies between the data and the calculated results of v_(2)^(n)and v_(2)^(9)at high p_(t)(rapidity)imply that the roles of the missing ingredients,such as the threshold effect,the pion potential,and the momentum-dependent symmetry potential,should be investigated by differential observables,such as the momentum and rapidity distributions of the nucleonic and pionic probes over a wide beam energy range.

关键词： Momentum dependent interaction NN→NΔcross section Symmetry energy Flow andπobservable

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Resonance analysis of^(159)Tb(n,γ)reaction based on the CSNS Back-n experiment

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nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第3期36卷 85-94页

作者： De-Xin Wang Su-Ya-La-Tu Zhang Wei Jiang Jie Ren Mei-Rong Huang Jing-Yu Tang Xi-Chao Ruan Hong-Wei Wang Long-Xiang Liu Xue Li Dan-Dan Niu Guo Li Gu-Fu Meng Yong-Shun Huang Zhi-Long Wang Yu Bai Xue Yang College of Physics and Electronics and Institute of Nuclear PhysicsInner Mongolia Minzu UniversityTongliao 028043China Inner Mongolia Joint Key Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Detection Tongliao 028043China Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of High Energy PhysicsBeijing 10049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteShanghai 201210China Center for Theoretical Physics China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China

The neutron capture resonance parameters for 159Tb are crucial for validating nuclear models,nucleosynthesis during the neutron capture process,and nuclear technology *** this study,resonance analyses were performed for the neutron capture cross sections of 159Tb measured at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)backscattering white neutron beamline(Back-n)*** resonance parameters were extracted from the R-Matrix code SAMMY and fitted to the experimental capture yield up to the 1.2 keV resolved resonance region(RRR).The average resonance parameters were determined by performing statistical analysis on the set of the resonance parameters in the *** results were used to fit the measured average capture cross sections using the FITACS code in the unresolved resonance region from 2 keV to 1 *** contributions of partial waves l=0,1,2 to the average capture cross sections are reported.

关键词： Statistical analysis Resonance parameters ^(159)Tb(n,γ)cross section γ

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Production mechanisms of neutron-rich N≈126 nuclei in the Hg204,207, U235,238+Pt198 reactions

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Physical Review C 2025年第2期111卷 024603-024603页

作者： Ping Feng Kai Zhao Zhong Liu Ning Wang Feng-Shou Zhang Yingxun Zhang Department of Nuclear Physics China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China Key Laboratory of High Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Physics Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 China Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Multinucleon transfer reactions Hg204,207, U235,238+Pt198 at incident energy 8 MeV/nucleon are simulated by using the improved quantum molecular dynamics model. Symmetric system with neutron-rich but unstable projectile Hg207 provides the largest production cross sections for N=126 neutron-rich nuclei. For the other three projectiles, U238 provides the advantage in the production of unknown N=126 neutron-rich nuclei with Z<76 due to the neutron excess and the small slope of the cross sections as the function of atomic number, which mainly originates from the projectilelike fragments produced in the massive transfer process. The entrance channel effects of neutron excess of projectiles and mass asymmetry of two collision partners, as well as the exchange of nucleons, manifest themselves in the net transfer of a few nucleons, massive transfer and the variation of production probabilities of N=126 neutron-rich nuclei with impact parameters. The comparisons of four reactions suggest that the available U238 projectile is a better choice for the productions of these new neutron-rich nuclei with N=126.

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ATEDU-NET: An Attention-Embedded Deep Unet for multi-disease diagnosis in chest X-ray images, breast ultrasound, and retina fundus

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Computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 186卷 109708-109708页

作者： Ejiyi, Chukwuebuka Joseph Qin, Zhen Agbesi, Victor K. Ejiyi, Makuachukwu Bennedith Chikwendu, Ijeoma A. Bamisile, Oluwatoyosi F. Onyekwere, Favour Ezinne Bamisile, Olusola O. College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Sichuan 610059 China Network and Data Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Pharmacy Department University of Nigeria Nsukka Enugu State Nsukka Nigeria School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

In image segmentation for medical image analysis, effective upsampling is crucial for recovering spatial information lost during downsampling. This challenge becomes more pronounced when dealing with diverse medical image modalities, which can significantly impact model performance. Plain and standard skip connections, widely used in most models, often fall short of maintaining high segmentation accuracy across different modalities, because essential spatial information transferred from the encoder to the decoder is lost. Inspired by these limitations, the Attention-Embedded Deep UNet (ATEDU-Net) is presented here, an innovative framework designed and tested on diverse medical image modalities, including X-ray, breast ultrasound, and retinal fundus images. ATEDU-Net features a unique architecture that combines progressive context refinement modules (PCRM) and global context modules (GCM) within a U-shaped network structure with Convgroup blocks which facilitate the integration of convolutional operations. This allows ATEDU-Net to autonomously capture rich spatial details and crucial contextual information from input images. The GCM captures essential contextual information for informed decision-making, while the PCRM enhances feature attention, resulting in precise and robust segmentation. The experimentation and analysis demonstrate that ATEDU-Net promises to be a powerful tool for medical professionals, aiding in the early detection of chest-related diseases, accurate localization of breast tumors, and early identification of eye diseases. This, in turn, contributes significantly to the formulation of optimal therapeutic strategies, enhancing patient care and outcomes. The versatility of ATEDU-Net is further highlighted by its ability to analyze medical images across various modalities, making it well-suited for the complex task of medical image analysis in diverse clinical scenarios. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Image segmentation

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Advancing cancer diagnosis and prognostication through deep learning mastery in breast, colon, and lung histopathology with ResoMergeNet

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Computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 185卷 109494-109494页

作者： Ejiyi, Chukwuebuka Joseph Qin, Zhen Agbesi, Victor K. Yi, Ding Atwereboannah, Abena A. Chikwendu, Ijeoma A. Bamisile, Oluwatoyosi F. Bakanina Kissanga, Grace-Mercure Bamisile, Olusola O. College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering & Sichuan Industrial Internet Intelligent Monitoring and Application Engineering Research Center Chengdu University of Technology Sichuan Chengdu China Network and Data Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China School of Life Science University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

Cancer, a global health threat, demands effective diagnostic solutions to combat its impact on public health, particularly for breast, colon, and lung cancers. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for successful treatment, prompting the rise of Computer-Aided Diagnosis Systems as reliable and cost-effective tools. Histopathology, renowned for its precision in cancer imaging, has become pivotal in the diagnostic landscape of breast, colon, and lung cancers. However, while deep learning models have been widely explored in this domain, they often face challenges in generalizing to diverse clinical settings and in efficiently capturing both local and global feature representations, particularly for multi-class tasks. This underscores the need for models that can reduce biases, improve diagnostic accuracy, and minimize error susceptibility in cancer classification tasks. To this end, we introduce ResoMergeNet (RMN), an advanced deep-learning model designed for both multi-class and binary cancer classification using histopathological images of breast, colon, and lung. ResoMergeNet integrates the Resboost mechanism which enhances feature representation, and the ConvmergeNet mechanism which optimizes feature extraction, leading to improved diagnostic accuracy. Comparative evaluations against state-of-the-art models show ResoMergeNet's superior performance. Validated on the LC-25000 and BreakHis (400× and 40× magnifications) datasets, ResoMergeNet demonstrates outstanding performance, achieving perfect scores of 100 % in accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and F1 score for binary classification. For multi-class classification with five classes from the LC25000 dataset, it maintains an impressive 99.96 % across all performance metrics. When applied to the BreakHis dataset, ResoMergeNet achieved 99.87 % accuracy, 99.75 % sensitivity, 99.78 % precision, and 99.77 % F1 score at 400× magnification. At 40× magnification, it still delivered robust results with 98.85 % accuracy,

关键词： Lung cancer

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Highly crystalline SiC fibers with enhanced microwave absorption properties via boron doping and electron beam irradiation oxidation curing

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Huang, Linying Wang, Hui Ouyang, Qin Mo, Gaoming Huang, Jing Zheng, Yueqing Huang, Qing School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo315211 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Data-Driven High-Safety Energy Materials and Applications Ningbo Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials and Chemistry Advanced Nuclear Materials Laboratory Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo315201 China

Polymer-derived silicon carbide (SiC) fibers are excellent structural and functional materials for extreme environments. However, the low efficiency of the curing process and the inferior stability of the amorphous SiCxOy phase have limited their large-scale preparation and widespread application. In this study, phenylboronic acid (PBA)-modified polyaluminocarbosilane (PACS) electrospun fibers were cured efficiently via an electron beam irradiation oxidation technique, and then converted into highly crystalline SiC fibers with low oxygen content by high-temperature sintering. The combination of irradiation oxidation and subsequent annealing treatment facilitated the effective, rapid, and sufficient curing of PACS fibers. Notably, boron played a significant role in inhibiting the growth of SiC grains and promoting the graphitization of free carbon. The SiC fibers obtained from PBA-modified PACS through irradiation oxidation curing exhibited superior electrical conductivity and microwave absorption performance, achieving a minimal reflection loss (RL) of −41.8 dB at 12 GHz with a thickness of 1.5 mm. This work provides an effective method for preparing SiC fibers with tunable carbon structures and enhanced microwave absorption properties, thereby paving a way for expanding their applications. © 2025

关键词： Silicon carbide

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Prospect for measurement of CP-violating observables in Bs0 → DsK± decays at a future Z factory

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Peng, Ji Zhao, Mingrui Wang, Xiaolin Ruan, Manqi Li, Hengne Chen, Shanzhen Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Beijing100049 China Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing102413 China Guangzhou510631 China

A precise determination of the CKM angle γ from Bs0 oscillations in Bs0 → DsK± decays offers a critical test of the Standard Model and probes for new physics. We present a comprehensive study on the prospects of measuring γ at a future Tera-Z factory, utilizing the baseline detector concept of the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC). A two-dimensional joint fit framework, incorporating flavor tagging, decay time resolution modeling, and acceptance corrections, is developed using full Monte Carlo simulations of Bs0 → Ds (→ KK±π) K± decays and inclusive background processes. The effective flavor tagging power reaches 23.6%, while the decay time resolution is determined to be 26 fs. Projecting to full statistics of signal events across three dominant Ds− decay channels, we estimate a statistical precision of σ(γ) = 0.69◦, which is corresponding to 4.1 Tera Z boson equivalent data. This study establishes the feasibility of sub-degree level γ measurements at a Z-factory, highlighting its unique advantages in time-dependent CP violation studies through ultra-precise vertexing and background suppression capabilities. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Colliding beam accelerators

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The excitation functions of ^(187)Re(n,2n)^(186m,g)Re reactions

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Chinese Physics C 2016年第8期40卷 55-61页

作者：黄小龙康梦霄刘丽乐王记民陈雄军 Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory China Institute of Atomic Energy

A new value for the emission probability of 137.144 keV γ-rays from 186gRe decay is recommended to be （9.47±0.03）/%. Using this value the measured cross sections for 187Re（n,2n）186mRe and 187Re（n,2n）186gRe reactions around 14 MeV are analyzed, and the cross section for187Ke（n,2n）186m＋gRe reaction at 14.g MeV is （2213=k116） mb. The UNF code was adopted to calculate the cross sections for the 187Re（n,2n）186m＋gRe reaction below 20 MeV, fitting to the value （2213±116） mb at 14.8 MeV using a set of optimum neutron optical potential parameters which were obtained based on the relevant experimental data of rhenium. The isomeric cross section ratio for the 187Re（n,2n）186m,gRe reaction was analyzed using the V-H method based on nuclear statistical theory. Combining these calculated results, the excitation functions for the 187Re（n,2n）lS6mRe and 187Re（n,2n）186gRe reactions were obtained. The obtained results are in good agreement with the available experimental data.

关键词： excitation function isomeric cross section 187Re（n,2n）186m,gRe reaction

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