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33rd International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, SEKE 2021

作者： Luo, Jiwen Wang, Tao Chang, Junsheng Guo, Xiaoting National Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)1891706527

Effectively assessing the results of users' online learning and enhancing social recognition has become a major development direction for online education platforms. For computer education, this article constructs a technical capability assessment model. This model integrates professional concepts in the field of computer science and extracts knowledge concepts from educational resources. The model first extracts candidate concepts, then uses a graph propagation algorithm to quantify candidate concepts and obtains concepts from them, and finally uses prerequisite relationships to further quantify the concepts mastered by students. The model combines the prerequisite relationship among concepts to quantify the skills that students have mastered. It can not only effectively evaluate the user's skill mastery but also lays a foundation for subsequent course recommendations and career recommendations for users. The model is tested in the real learning environment of 250 students. This model has been proved to own certain practicability and reliability by Kendall rank correlation coefficient, which is used as an evaluation index. © 2021 Knowledge Systems Institute Graduate School. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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Simulation of Nuclear Reactor Accident Scenarios using Physics-Informed Neural Networks and Transfer-Learning 4

Simulation of Nuclear Reactor Accident Scenarios using Physi...

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4th International Conference on Electronic Information Engineering and computer science, EIECS 2024

作者： Yu, Yang Xie, Yufei Wang, Wenlin Wu, Guohua Lan, Haitao Lin, Enbo An, Ping Sun, Zibin Zhang, Haichuan Wu, Yixian National University of Defense Technology National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing Changsha China Nuclear Power Institute of China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Chengdu China School of Automation Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan China Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen China Institute of Automotive Engineers Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan China Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531409

In a Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA), reactor core temperatures can rise rapidly, leading to potential fuel damage and radioactive material release. This research presents a groundbreaking method that combines the power of Monte Carlo Sampling and Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to simulate and effectively address the challenging Loss of Coolant Accidents (LOCA) in nuclear reactors. In the event of a LOCA, reactor core temperatures can soar rapidly, posing a significant threat to fuel integrity and potentially leading to the release of radioactive materials. By leveraging the strengths of both Monte Carlo Sampling and PINNs, this approach aims to provide a comprehensive and accurate simulation framework for assessing and mitigating the consequences of such accidents. The method yields high prediction accuracy (MAE: 0.033, RMSE: 0.098, R2: 0.814) and demonstrates robustness through transfer learning, maintaining strong performance (MAE: 0.064, RMSE: 0.163, R2: 0.735). © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Coolants

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Human Pose Estimation Network Based On MultiHeatmap Fusion

Human Pose Estimation Network Based On MultiHeatmap Fusion

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Image Processing, Electronics and computers (IPEC), Asia-Pacific Conference on

作者： Yangguang Zhao Jun Lu Key Laboratory of Database and Parallel Computingof Heilongjiang Province College of Computer Science and Technology Heilongjiang University Haerbin China

ISBN: (数字)9798350374407

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374414

Estimating human pose in complex multi-frame situations is a challenging task and has attracted intensive research by many researchers. Although 3D human pose estimation methods have achieved remarkable results in scenes based on single images, their performance often fails once these model transformations are applied to video sequences. Common problems with these models include inability to cope with motion blur, out-of-focus videos, and occlusion of human poses. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a feature extraction and representation model MHMF, which is used in the feature extraction stage of the model. The initial features extracted by the backbone network HRNet-w32 are guided by the heat map to the attention layer, which improves the network’s attention to important areas for predicting key points of human posture. At the same time, the integration of the aggregation heat map and the backbone network heat map improves the spatiotemporal consistency of the key points. In addition, to improve the accuracy of mesh pose estimation under occlusion, this paper proposes a transformer-based NewDSTformer model. By adjusting the structure of the Transformer encoder, increasing the encoder level and combining it with the dynamic progressive attention masking method. The model can adapt to different input situations, handle the positional relationship of local key points, and be able to perform accurate detection even under occlusion. It was evaluated on the 3DPW data set and improved the accuracy by $0.3 \%$, indicating that this paper effectively improved the performance of 3D human mesh reconstruction.

关键词： Adaptation models Accuracy Three-dimensional displays Pose estimation Video sequences Feature extraction Transformers Spatiotemporal phenomena Heat maps Image reconstruction

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Research on parallel Algorithms of Uncertain Combinational Coding 10

Research on Parallel Algorithms of Uncertain Combinational C...

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10th IEEE Joint International Information technology and Artificial Intelligence Conference, ITAIC 2022

作者： Song, Xuanting Lu, Jun College of Computer Science and Technology Heilongjiang University Harbin China Heilongjiang University Key Laboratory of Database and Parallel Computing of Heilongjiang Province Harbin China

ISBN: (数字)9781665422079

ISBN: (纸本)9781665422079

In this era of rapid development of information science and technology, data coding technology has been widely used in multimedia, computer, communication and other fields. Non-deterministic combined coding is further explored in deterministic combined coding. It is a kind of lossless coding. In combinatorial mathematics, the operation of the combination number calculates the ordinal number of the sequence to be coded. On the basis of the deterministic combination coding, the adjacent identical elements are eliminated and processed separately, which reduces the length of the ordinal number. At the same time, the reference sequence is encoded to further save space. However, the ordinal calculation of the non-deterministic combination coding is still a complicated process, and the coding speed is still slow. This article uses openMP technology to parallelize the ordinal calculation part of the non-deterministic combination coding. The running time of coded ordinal on the eight-core CPU is 23.38% of the original, which is 4.28 times optimized, and the overall coding time efficiency of the 17 segmented file instances has been improved about 2.94 times. It indicates the effectiveness of the parallel strategy in this article. Finally, this article analyzes the experimental results. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Number theory

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ACCURATE AND EFFICIENT FINE-TUNING OF QUANTIZED LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS THROUGH OPTIMAL BALANCE

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Shen, Ao Wang, Qiang Lai, Zhiquan Li, Xionglve Li, Dongsheng National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China College of computer National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across various domains. However, the enormous number of model parameters makes fine-tuning challenging, significantly limiting their application and deployment. Existing solutions combine parameter quantization with Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), greatly reducing memory usage but resulting in noticeable performance degradation. In this paper, we identify an imbalance in fine-tuning quantized pre-trained models: overly complex adapter inputs and outputs versus low effective trainability of the adaptation. We propose Quantized LLMs with Balanced-rank Adaptation (Q-BaRA), which simplifies the adapter inputs and outputs while increasing the adapter’s rank to achieve a more suitable balance for finetuning quantized LLMs. Additionally, for scenarios where fine-tuned LLMs need to be deployed as low-precision inference models, we introduce Quantization-Aware Fine-tuning with Higher Rank Adaptation (QA-HiRA), which simplifies the adapter inputs and outputs to align with the pre-trained model’s block-wise quantization while employing a single matrix to achieve a higher rank. Both Q-BaRA and QA-HiRA are easily implemented and offer the following optimizations: (i) Q-BaRA consistently achieves the highest accuracy compared to baselines and other variants, requiring the same number of trainable parameters and computational effort;(ii) QA-HiRA naturally merges adapter parameters into the block-wise quantized model after fine-tuning, achieving the highest accuracy compared to other methods. We apply our Q-BaRA and QA-HiRA to the LLaMA and LLaMA2 model families and validate their effectiveness across different fine-tuning datasets and downstream scenarios. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Digital elevation model

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Towards Vision Transformer Unrolling Fixed-Point Algorithm: a Case Study on Image Restoration

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Qiao, Peng Liu, Sidun Sun, Tao Yang, Ke Dou, Yong The Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Laboratory School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Beijing China

The great success of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has inspired the algorithmic development of DNN-based Fixed-Point (DNN-FP) for computer vision tasks. DNN-FP methods, trained by Back-Propagation Through Time or computing the inaccurate inversion of the Jacobian, suffer from inferior representation ability. Motivated by the representation power of the Transformer, we propose a framework to unroll the FP and approximate each unrolled process via Transformer blocks, called FPformer. To reduce the high consumption of memory and computation, we come up with FPRformer by sharing parameters between the successive blocks. We further design a module to adapt Anderson acceleration to FPRformer to enlarge the unrolled iterations and improve the performance, called FPAformer. In order to fully exploit the capability of the Transformer, we apply the proposed model to image restoration, using self-supervised pre-training and supervised fine-tuning. 161 tasks from 4 categories of image restoration problems are used in the pre-training phase. Hereafter, the pre-trained FPformer, FPRformer, and FPAformer are further fine-tuned for the comparison scenarios. Using self-supervised pre-training and supervised fine-tuning, the proposed FPformer, FPRformer, and FPAformer achieve competitive performance with state-of-the-art image restoration methods and better training efficiency. FPAformer employs only 29.82% parameters used in SwinIR models, and provides superior performance after fine-tuning. To train these comparison models, it takes only 26.9% time used for training SwinIR models. It provides a promising way to introduce the Transformer in low-level vision tasks. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Research on Integrated Detection of SQL Injection Behavior Based on Text Features and Traffic Features 10th

Research on Integrated Detection of SQL Injection Behavior B...

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10th International Conference on computer Engineering and Networks, CENet 2020

作者： Li, Ming Liu, Bo Xing, Guangsheng Wang, Xiaodong Wang, Zhihui College of Intelligence Science and Technology National University of Defence Technology Changsha410073 China National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defence Technology Changsha410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811584619

With the rapid development of Internet technology, various network attack methods come out one after the other. SQL injection has become one of the most severe threats to Web applications and seriously threatens various Web application services and users data security. There are both traditional detection methods and emerging methods based on deep learning technology with higher detection accuracy for the detection of SQL injection. However, they are all for detecting a single statement and cannot determine the stage of the attack. To further improve the effect of SQL injection detection, this paper proposes an integrated detection framework for SQL injection behavior based on both text features and traffic features. We propose a SQL-LSTM model based on deep learning technology as the detection model at the text features level. Meanwhile, the features of the data traffic are merged. By this integrated method, the detection effect of SQL injection is further improved. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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F3A: Fairness-Aware AI-Workloads Allocation Considering Multidimensional User Demands in JointCloud

F3A: Fairness-Aware AI-Workloads Allocation Considering Mult...

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IEEE International Conference on Joint Cloud Computing (JCC)

作者： Jiacheng Yang Guodong Yi Fei Gao Peichang Shi Huaimin Wang National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing College of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Xiangjiang Lab Changsha China School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Hunan University Of Technology and Business Changsha China

ISBN: (数字)9798350387339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387346

With the rapid growth of large language models, cloud computing has become an indispensable component of the AI industry. Cloud service providers(CSPs) are establishing AI data centers to service AI workloads. In the face of this surging need for AI computing power, building a connected computing environment across various clouds and forming a JointCloud presents an attractive solution. However, scheduling AI tasks across multiple AI data centers within a JointCloud environment presents a significant challenge: how to balance users’ demands while ensuring CSPs’ fairness in scheduling. Existing research primarily focuses on optimizing scheduling quality with limited consideration for fairness. Therefore, this paper proposes a Fairness-Aware AI-Workloads Allocation method (F3A), a fair cross-cloud allocation technique for AI tasks. F3A utilizes Point and Token to reflect both the resource status and historical task allocations of AI data centers, enabling the consideration of users’ multidimensional demands and facilitating fair task allocation across multiple centers. In order to better assess the fairness of scheduling, we also devised a fairness indicator(FI), based on the Gini coefficient to measure the fairness of task allocation. The experimental results demonstrate that F3A consistently maintains FI within 0.1 across various cluster sizes and different task quantities, representing an improvement of 76.45% compared to classical fair scheduling algorithms round-robin. F3A exhibits commendable performance in ensuring fairness in task allocation while also demonstrating effectiveness in cost reduction and enhancing user satisfaction.

关键词： Industries Data centers Cloud computing Job shop scheduling Costs Scheduling algorithms Large language models

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DCSA: The Deployment Mechanism of Chained Serverless Applications in JointCloud Environment

DCSA: The Deployment Mechanism of Chained Serverless Applica...

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IEEE International Conference on Joint Cloud Computing (JCC)

作者： Yaojie Li Peichang Shi Jianfei Liu Rui Li Fei Gao Penghui Ma Dong Xie Guodong Yi National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing College of Computer Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Xiangjiang Lab Changsha China School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Hunan University Of Technology and Business Changsha China

ISBN: (数字)9798350387339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387346

Serverless computing, comprised of Function as a Service (FaaS) and Backend as a Service (BaaS), has garnered widespread attention owning to its features such as maintenance-free operations, pay-per-use pricing, and automatic scalability. However, practical usage encounters several challenges: 1) The diversity of user applications makes comprehensive performance evaluation difficult, as benchmark and application tests only reflect performance under specific conditions and cannot fully capture users’ actual experiences across different serverless platforms. 2) Disparities in performance and costs across different serverless platforms make it challenging to achieve optimal performance and cost efficiency through single-cloud deployment, thereby underutilizing the advantages of each platform. 3) Vendor lock-in issues restrict the migration of user applications and exacerbate dependence on a single cloud *** address these challenges, this paper proposes a collaborative mechanism, referred to as DCSA, which integrates FaaS and storage services to achieve automatic cross-cloud deployment of user applications while considering both performance and cost comprehensively. Firstly, we adapt the interfaces of different serverless platforms, effectively reducing the complexity of cross-cloud deployment. Secondly, we develop cost and latency models for the cross-cloud deployment of chained serverless applications and propose a deployment scheduling algorithm that simultaneously considers both latency and cost. Finally, we conduct experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Results demonstrate that our method can effectively reduce latency (up to 2.3%) and lower costs (up to 9.9%).

关键词： Performance evaluation Adaptation models Costs Scheduling algorithms Scalability Serverless computing Collaboration

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YOLO-SOD: Improved YOLO Small Object Detection 21st

YOLO-SOD: Improved YOLO Small Object Detection

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21st Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2024

作者： Xu, Yang Lu, Jun Wang, Chao College of Computer Science and Technology Heilongjiang University Harbin150080 China Jiaxiang Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heilongjiang University Shandong Province Jining272400 China Key Laboratory of Database and Parallel Computing of Heilongjiang Province Heilongjiang University Harbin150080 China Wuhan University Hubei Province Wuhan430072 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819601240

Small object detection has important application value in the fields of environmental monitoring, resource detection and analysis, etc. However, the current general object detectors are not very ideal for the detection of small objects. To this end, this paper proposes an efficient, low-complexity, anchor-free small object detection framework YOLO-SOD based on YOLOv8. First, a content-aware feature recombination upsampling operator (CARAFE) is integrated in the upsampling operation part of the framework to achieve more accurate and efficient feature reconstruction. Then, the spatial and channel reconstruction convolutional block (SCConv) is widely integrated in BackBone and Neck to reduce the computational cost caused by redundant feature extraction in visual tasks. Finally, the occlusion-aware attention module (SEAM) is introduced at the end of the detection framework to help the model more accurately identify occluded objects. The ablation experiment on the general small object detection dataset VisDrone2021 proves the effectiveness of several modules introduced in this paper for small object detection. On the VisDrone2021 dataset, YOLO-SOD can achieve an accuracy of 31.1% AP50:95 and 52.3% AP50, which are 2.5% and 3.1% higher than the baseline model respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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