A comparative computational fluid dynamics(CFD)study was conducted on the three different types of pressurized water reactor(PWR)upper plenum,named TYPE 1(support columns(SCs)and control rod guide tubes(CRGTs)with two...
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A comparative computational fluid dynamics(CFD)study was conducted on the three different types of pressurized water reactor(PWR)upper plenum,named TYPE 1(support columns(SCs)and control rod guide tubes(CRGTs)with two large windows),TYPE 2(SCs and CRGTs without windows),and TYPE 3(two parallel perforated barrel shells and CRGTs).First,three types of upper plenum geometry information were collected,simplified,and adopted into the BORA facility,which is a 1/5 scale system of the four-loop PWR ***,the geometry,including the upper half core,upper plenum region,and hot legs,was built using the Salome *** that,an unsteady calculation to simulate the reactor balance operation at hot full power scenario was ***,the differences of flowrate distribution at the core outlet and temperature distribution and transverse velocity inside the hot legs with different upper plenum internals were *** results suggest that TYPE 1 upper plenum internals cause the largest flowrate difference at the core outlet while TYPE 3 leads to the most even distributed *** distribution and evolution pattern of the tangential velocity inside hot legs is highly dependent on the upper plenum *** counter-rotating swirls exist inside the TYPE 1 hot leg and only one swirl revolving around the hog leg axis exist inside the TYPE 2 hot *** TYPE 3,two swirls like that of TYPE 1 rotating around the hot leg axis significantly increase the temperature homogenization *** research provides meaningful guidelines for the future optimization and design of advanced PWR upper plenum internal structures.
The shielding effectiveness (SE) of structural components is one of the important indicators of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performance, and it is related to the size, material, frequency and test points posit...
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Accurate and reliable modeling and simulation is the key prerequisite for intelligent control technology research of nuclear power plant. For the nuclear steam supply system (NSSS) of small pressurized water reactor u...
Accurate and reliable modeling and simulation is the key prerequisite for intelligent control technology research of nuclear power plant. For the nuclear steam supply system (NSSS) of small pressurized water reactor under bi-stable steady state operation scheme, this paper firstly establishes the models of the core, regulator, steam generator and other components. Then, the nuclear steam supply system platform (NSSSP) of small pressurized water reactor is built based on Matlab/Simulink. Simulations are carried out to analyze the normal operation transient and load rejection transient in the water supply flow control mode. The accuracy and reliability of NSSSP are verified to beconsistent with the commercial program RETRAN.
With the continuous improvement of computer hardware capabilities, the one-step method in reactor physics has become one of the important research directions in recent two decades. OpenMOC is an open-source MOC code d...
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reactor system modeling is the premise of reactor control system design. The common commercial thermal and hydraulic analysis programs like RELAP5, RETRAN have complex structure and slow operational speed, which are n...
reactor system modeling is the premise of reactor control system design. The common commercial thermal and hydraulic analysis programs like RELAP5, RETRAN have complex structure and slow operational speed, which are not conductive to the transplantation and improvement of reactor system. In order to realize the rapid development of reactor control system, this paper carries out the mechanism modeling of the reactor system in Matlab/Simulink, and then introduce BP neural network to establish the hybrid model, which improves the modeling accuracy to support the design of reactor system. For small pressurized water reactor, we firstly take analytical modeling method to build the core mechanism model and its state space model through three conservation principles and the operating mechanism of core. Based on analyses, we can conclude that the parameter error and structural error of the mechanism model is caused by the assumption and simplification during modeling, and choose the parameter with the most influence (the feedback coefficient of the coolant temperature) as the corrected parameter in the BP neural-based hybrid modeling process. After that, according to the dual constant operation scheme of small pressurized water reactors, and the gradient descent method of BP network, the hybrid model of core is built and the parameter error and structure error of the mechanism modeling are corrected online. The simulation results show that the proposed hybrid modeling method can accurately simulate the reactor operate state. Thus, the proposed hybrid model is accurate and effective.
The two-dimensional magnetic van der Waals heterojunctions have opened unprecedented opportunities to explore new physics due to their potential for spintronic ***,combing density functional theory with non-equilibriu...
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The two-dimensional magnetic van der Waals heterojunctions have opened unprecedented opportunities to explore new physics due to their potential for spintronic ***,combing density functional theory with non-equilibrium Green’s function technique.
Large reaction cross-sections, low operating voltage, extended lifespan, good stability, and suitability for high-temperature and intense gamma radiation settings are among the features of boron-coated proportional co...
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ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporters are integral membrane proteins that have evolved diverse func-tions fulfilled via the transport of various *** Arabidopsis,the G subfamily of ABC proteins is particularly abundant...
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ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporters are integral membrane proteins that have evolved diverse func-tions fulfilled via the transport of various *** Arabidopsis,the G subfamily of ABC proteins is particularly abundant and participates in multiple signaling pathways during plant development and stress *** this study,we revealed that two Arabidopsis ABCG transporters,ABCG16 and ABCG25,engage in ABA-mediated stress responses and early plant growth through endomembrane-specific dimerization-coupled transport of ABA and ABA-glucosyl ester(ABA-GE),*** first revealed that ABCG16 contributes to osmotic stress tolerance via ABA *** specifically,ABCG16 induces cellular ABA efflux in both yeast and plant *** FRET analysis,we showed that ABCG16 forms oblig-atory homodimers for ABA export activity and that the plasma membrane-resident ABCG16 homodimers specifically respond to ABA,undergoing notable conformational ***,we demonstrated that ABCG16 heterodimerizes with ABCG25 at the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)membrane and facilitates the ER entry of ABA-GE in both Arabidopsis and tobacco *** specific responsiveness of the ABCG16-ABCG25 heterodimer to ABA-GE and the superior growth of their double mutant support an inhib-itory role of these twoABCGs in early seedling establishment via regulation of ABA-GE translocation across the ER *** endomembrane-specific analysis of the FRET signals derived from the homo-or heterodimerized ABcG complexes allowed us to link endomembrane-biased dimerization to the transloca-tion of distinct substrates by ABcG transporters,providing a prototypic framework for understanding the omnipotence of ABcG transporters in plant development and stress responses.
With recent advancements in robotic surgery,notable strides have been made in visual question answering(VQA).Existing VQA systems typically generate textual answers to questions but fail to indicate the location of th...
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With recent advancements in robotic surgery,notable strides have been made in visual question answering(VQA).Existing VQA systems typically generate textual answers to questions but fail to indicate the location of the relevant content within the *** limitation restricts the interpretative capacity of the VQA models and their abil-ity to explore specific image *** address this issue,this study proposes a grounded VQA model for robotic surgery,capable of localizing a specific region during answer *** inspiration from prompt learning in language models,a dual-modality prompt model was developed to enhance precise multimodal information ***,two complementary prompters were introduced to effectively integrate visual and textual prompts into the encoding process of the model.A visual complementary prompter merges visual prompt knowl-edge with visual information features to guide accurate *** textual complementary prompter aligns vis-ual information with textual prompt knowledge and textual information,guiding textual information towards a more accurate inference of the ***,a multiple iterative fusion strategy was adopted for comprehensive answer reasoning,to ensure high-quality generation of textual and grounded *** experimental results vali-date the effectiveness of the model,demonstrating its superiority over existing methods on the EndoVis-18 and End-oVis-17 datasets.
TRISO coated fuel particle has been adopted in the design of various reactors and Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) due to its excellent accident tolerant performance under high temperatures and other severe conditions. Ac...
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