The integration of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) into complex systems has paved new ways for collaborative problem-solving. However, traditional approaches to MARL frequently encounter the challenge of ach...
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Within the operational dynamics of a nuclear reactor, the customary approach involves modulating the reactor's power output by means of control rod manipulation, which effectively alters the neutron density across...
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The nuclear power SVDU in nuclear power plants is an important component of the nuclear reactor protection system. With the complete digitalization of the reactor protection system, the risks of cybersecurity attacks ...
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In this paper, to avoid computing the feedward control input and to completely eliminate the tracking error, an improved cost function with respect to the tracking error is proposed, under which the optimal tracking c...
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The integration of 3D printing with smart materials in 4D printing technology has attracted extensive research attention due to its capability of endowing static printed structures with dynamic behaviors and actions t...
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In this study,the method of fluidized incineration and water washing to recover hydrogen fluoride(HF)was proposed to dispose of high fluorine-containing organic *** resource utilization of the waste was investigated i...
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In this study,the method of fluidized incineration and water washing to recover hydrogen fluoride(HF)was proposed to dispose of high fluorine-containing organic *** resource utilization of the waste was investigated in a fluidized bed incinerator with a disposal capability of 10 t/*** evolution characteristics of fluorine,operation conditions of the incineration system,absorption coefficient for HF by water washing,and HF corrosion during combustion were *** results showed that HF and fluorocarbons were detected as the initial gaseous fluorides released during *** release of HF could be divided into three stages,in which HF was generated from the volatilization of HF in the waste and the hydrolysis of fluorine in water-soluble salts(60–220℃),oxidative decomposition of fluorinated organic components and residual carbon(220–800℃),and hydrolysis of insoluble fluorinated inorganic minerals(800–1000℃).Fluorocarbons could be destroyed through reactions with free radicals H,O,and OH or through single-molecule *** the temperature in the furnace and increasing the content of oxygen and hydrogen in the incineration materials were conducive to reducing the generation of *** sampling and analyzing the bottom slag,bag filter ash and exhaust gas during the field test,the relevant pollutant discharge could meet the national emission *** waste heat utilization of high-temperature flue gas and the recovery of hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid were *** the recovery of HF by water washing,the total absorption coefficients for 1#to 4#packed absorbers were 52.38 kg/(h m^(2)),39.96 kg/(h m^(2)),5.98 kg/(h m^(2))and 3.89 kg/(h m^(2)),*** the actual operation,alumina showed good corrosion resistance to high-temperature HF and could be used as bed materials or refractory ***-temperature corrosion of HF occurred in the quenching heat exchanger,which was damaged after 6 months of continu
Weakly-coupled mode division multiplexing(MDM)technique is considered a promising candidate to enhance the capacity of an optical transmission system,in which mode multiplexers/demultiplexers(MMUX/MDEMUX)with low inse...
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Weakly-coupled mode division multiplexing(MDM)technique is considered a promising candidate to enhance the capacity of an optical transmission system,in which mode multiplexers/demultiplexers(MMUX/MDEMUX)with low insertion loss and modal crosstalk are the key *** this paper,a low-modal-crosstalk 4-mode MMUX/MDEMUX for the weakly-coupled triple-ring-core few-mode fiber(TRC-FMF)is designed and fabricated with side-polishing *** measurement results show that a pair of MMUX/MDEMUX and 25 km weakly-coupled TRC-FMF MDM link achieve low modal crosstalk of lower than−17.5 dB and insertion loss of lower than 11.56 dB for all the four *** on the TRC-FMF and all-fiber MMUX/MDEMUX,an experiment for 25 km real-time 4-mode 3-λwavelength division multiplexing(WDM)-MDM transmission is conducted using commercial 400G optical transport network(OTN)*** experimental results prove weakly-coupled MDM techniques facilitate a smooth upgrade of the optical transmission system.
In a Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA), reactor core temperatures can rise rapidly, leading to potential fuel damage and radioactive material release. This research presents a groundbreaking method that combines the pow...
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Control rod is the most important approach to control reactivity in reactors,which is currently a cluster of pins filled with boron carbide(B4C).In this case,neutrons are captured in the outer region,and thus the inne...
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Control rod is the most important approach to control reactivity in reactors,which is currently a cluster of pins filled with boron carbide(B4C).In this case,neutrons are captured in the outer region,and thus the inner absorber is ***,the lifetime of the control rod is challenged due to the high reactivity worth loss resulted from the excessive degradation of B4C in the high flux *** this work,some control rod designs are proposed with optimized spatial structures including the spatially mixed rod,radially moderated rod,and composite control rod with small-sized *** control rod worth and effective absorption cross section of these designs are computed using the Monte Carlo code RMC.A long-time depletion calculation is conducted to evaluate their burnup *** the spatially mixed rod,rare-earth absorbers are combined with B4C in spatial *** with the homogenous B4C rod,mixed designs ensure more sufficient reactivity worth in the lifetime of the *** minimum reactivity loss at the end of the cycle is only 1.8%from the dysprosium titanate rod,while the loss for pure B4C rod is nearly 12%.For the radially moderated design,a doubled neutronic efficiency is achieved when the volume ratio of moderator equals approximately 0.3,while excessive moderating may lead to the failure of control *** control rod with small-sized pins processes an enhanced safety performance and saves the investment in *** rod worth can be further enhanced by introducing small moderator pins,and the reactivity loss caused by the reduction of absorbers is sustainable.
It's important to choose suitable kinetic parameters for vibration isolators to simulate the dynamic characteristic. The kinetic parameters have significant influence on the vibration reduction of vibration isolat...
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