We experimentally demonstrate the formation of salt aggregations with unexpectedly high concentration inside multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) soaked only in dilute salt solution sand even in solutions containing on...
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We experimentally demonstrate the formation of salt aggregations with unexpectedly high concentration inside multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) soaked only in dilute salt solution sand even in solutions containing only traces of salts. This finding suggests the blocking of fluid across CNTs by the salt aggregations when CNTs are soaked in a dilute salt solution with the concentration of seawater or even lower, which may open new avenues for the development of novel CNT-based desalination techniques. The high salt accumulation of CNTs also provides a new CNT-based strategy for the collection or extraction of noble metal salts in solutions containing traces of noble metal salts. Theoretical analyses reveal that this high salt accumulation inside CNTs can be mainly attributed to the strong hydrated cation-π interactions of hydrated cations and π electrons in the aromatic rings of CNTs.
Experiments were carried out to study the thermal hydraulic behaviors in a narrow rectangular channel under bottom reflooding conditions. The channel is formed between a stainless steel heating plate and a transparent...
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Experiments were carried out to study the thermal hydraulic behaviors in a narrow rectangular channel under bottom reflooding conditions. The channel is formed between a stainless steel heating plate and a transparent heatproof glass and dimensions of the channel are 600 mm in height, 60 mm in width and 4 mm of gap thickness. All the parameters (such as initial wall temperature, inlet velocity and systematic pressure) affect the heat transfer features during quenching process. The experimental results illustrate that for a given initial surface temperature, rewetting velocity increases with the increasing flow rate and increasing systematic pressure, while it decreases with the increasing initial surface temperature. With different flow rate and system pressure, the rewetting temperature is almost the same, but it varies when initial surface temperature is different.
Fatigue failure was a typical failure form of mechanical structure parts, elastic modulus drop was an important characteristic of structural material occur fatigue, so a new mechanical structure fatigue monitoring onl...
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Fatigue failure was a typical failure form of mechanical structure parts, elastic modulus drop was an important characteristic of structural material occur fatigue, so a new mechanical structure fatigue monitoring online method was proposed. Firstly, a test device that could impose cyclic load with adjustable frequency and amplitude on cantilever beams was designed;secondly, a stress measurement system based on Fiber Bragg Grating sensor to monitor structural state of fatigue was developed;thirdly, a method to calculations stress based on this system was described;finally, the online method was used in the elastic modulus drop.
As a new kind of Zr-Sn-Nb series alloy, N36 has not been explored in irradiation growth behavior before. In this paper, four empirical correlations including power, logarithmic, exponential and hyperbolic tangent law ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780894487309
As a new kind of Zr-Sn-Nb series alloy, N36 has not been explored in irradiation growth behavior before. In this paper, four empirical correlations including power, logarithmic, exponential and hyperbolic tangent law were used to build irradiation growth model of N36 zirconium alloy preliminarily. Before that, lengths of the fuel rods with N36 claddings from poolside measurement were analyzed to get irradiation growth strains, which were then used to fit the four empirical correlations mentioned above. Distribution of fast fluence along axial direction of tubes was considered in all irradiation growth models. The fitting results showed that the hyperbolic tangent law fit irradiation growth strains the best, while power law did the worst. In order to improve the precision of the hyperbolic tangent model, several improvements were done. Verification and validation of the improved hyperbolic tangent irradiation growth model suggested that the size of second phase may have an influence on irradiation growth behavior of N36 tubes.
As all-electric aircraft has many advantages, aircraft nose wheel steering system would be developed to the all-electric direction. Aiming at the control demand of nose wheel steering system, based on the basic princi...
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As all-electric aircraft has many advantages, aircraft nose wheel steering system would be developed to the all-electric direction. Aiming at the control demand of nose wheel steering system, based on the basic principles of nose wheel steering system and the design technique of mechanotronics, an all-electric aircraft nose wheel steering system composed of a nose wheel steering mechanism of two worm gear and a control servo system of fly-by-wire having both steering and anti-shimmy function is designed to meet the demand for operation control in nose wheel steering system. Besides, the fuzzy algorithm and BP neural network algorithm is applied to the control system to explore its algorithm. Then based on Matlab/Simulink and LMS/AMESim software, the united simulation model of the system with fuzzy PID controller is established to make the dynamic simulation analysis for the verification of its steering function, the research results indicate that the nose wheel steering system is reasonable and validated, can meet the requirements of the general project.
The capillary interaction induced by a tilted cylinder and interface is the basic configuration of many complex systems, such as micro-pillar arrays clustering, super-hydrophobicity of hairy surface, water-walking ins...
The capillary interaction induced by a tilted cylinder and interface is the basic configuration of many complex systems, such as micro-pillar arrays clustering, super-hydrophobicity of hairy surface, water-walking insects, and fiber aggregation. We systematically analyzed the scaling laws of tilt angle, contact angle, and cylinder radius on the contact line shape by SE simulation and experiment. The following in-depth analysis of the characteristic parameters (shift, stretch and distortion) of the deformed contact lines reveals the self-similar shape of contact line. Then a general capillary force scaling law is proposed to incredibly grasp all the simulated and experimental data by a quite straightforward ellipse approximation approach.
The supercritical water-cooled reactor (SWCR) has been selected as one of the most promising reactors for Generation IV nuclear reactors due to its higher thermal efficiency and more simplified structure compared to t...
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FCM fuel is a candidate fuel form to replace commercial UO2 fuel rod in LWR to enhance fuel reliability under accident conditions. The FCM pellet consists of TRISO particles embedded inside the dense SiC matrix. This ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780894487309
FCM fuel is a candidate fuel form to replace commercial UO2 fuel rod in LWR to enhance fuel reliability under accident conditions. The FCM pellet consists of TRISO particles embedded inside the dense SiC matrix. This fuel design is more complex than conventional LWR fuel, which needs new fuel performance models or analysis tools to assist fuel design and concept evaluation. In this paper an attempt was made to develop a finite element method to analyze FCM fuel pellet thermal-mechanical performance. Three idealized cases of normal operation, power ramp, and LOCA were analyzed. The results showed that the temperature distribution and stress distribution of FCM pellet exhibited a strong non-uniformity. The irradiation strain and creep of buffer layer and PyC layers had a strong effect on the mechanical performance of FCM pellet. The hoop stresses of SiC layers and SiC matrix increased significantly during the LOCA and varied with radial positions.
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