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SSRN 2024年

作者： Xie, Wenlong Gao, Xinlei Zhang, Zhengjie Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education Tianjin University of Technology China Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom School of Transportation Science and engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China

The thermal characteristics of lithium-ion batteries during the charging process significantly impact their electrochemical performance and safety, particularly under high-rate or extreme temperature conditions. In this study, an electrochemical-thermal coupling model for a 2.5 Ah LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 18650 lithium-ion battery is proposed and experimentally validated. The heat generation and variation patterns of the electrodes at different charging rates and temperatures are evaluated, and the influence mechanisms of various electrode design parameters on charging energy efficiency are elucidated. The results reveal that high-rate charging increases the proportion of irreversible heat in the total heat generation, primarily due to the increase in ohmic heating at the positive electrode. Ambient temperature is less sensitive to heat generation than the C-rate, but low temperatures can also increase irreversible heat and are associated with an increase in positive polarization heat. Analyzing thermal characteristics at the electrode level can contribute to the optimization of battery design and the improvement of thermal safety. Electrode architectures, including electrode thickness, active material porosity, particle radius and negative/positive electrode capacity (N/P) ratio, are determined to analyze their effects on the heat generation of various components within the battery. Thick electrodes or active materials with high porosity induce significant ohmic heating and increase irreversible heat, with a slight effect on reversible heat, which is detrimental to energy efficiency. Large particle radii primarily increase reaction heat and polarization heat, and a high N/P ratio reduces the battery heat generation and is related to the reduction of negative reaction heat. Notably, variations in both two parameters have limited impact on to energy efficiency. Therefore, implementing appropriate thermal management across various charging scenarios is crucial for achievin

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Understanding the Limitations of Thick Electrodes on the Rate Capability of High-Energy Density Lithium-Ion Batteries

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Xie, Wenlong Zhang, Zhengjie Gao, Xinlei Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education Tianjin University of Technology China School of Transportation Science and engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom

As a core component of transportation electrification, lithium-ion batteries need to address two critical challenges: achieving high energy density and enabling fast charging. However, changes in electrode thickness could result in a trade-off between these two characteristics. Herein, the impact of electrode thickness on the electrochemical performance, thermal behavior, as well as energy and power density of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(NCM)/graphite batteries are investigated through mathematical modeling. Underutilization of active materials of the thick electrode is identified as the primary limitation on rate capability, which can be attributed to the slow solid-state diffusion and poor electrolyte transport within the electrode, especially the enlarged concentration gradients in the solid phase and the lithium depletion in the electrolyte phase during high-rate charging. Evolutions of local current density and heat generation rate along the electrode thickness are compared, identifying the underlying mechanism of inducing uneven reaction kinetics inside the battery. The trade-off between the energy and power density as a function of electrode thickness is investigated based on the limitations of charge transfer and mass transport. Furthermore, the rate-limiting factors under various application requirements are elucidated. This study will provide guidance for the electrode design of high-energy-density batteries with fast-charging capabilities. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Coupling effects of Zn single atom and high curvature supports for improved performance of CO_(2) reduction

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science Bulletin 2021年第16期66卷 1649-1658,M0004页

作者： Zhongjing Hao Junxiang Chen Dafeng Zhang Lirong Zheng Yueming Li Zi Yin Gang He Lei Jiao Zhenhai Wen Xiao-Jun Lv State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources School of New EnergyNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology College of Materials Science and EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures and Fujian Province Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Key Laboratory of Coal Green ConversionHenan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003China Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have emerged as one of the most competitive catalysts toward a variety of important electrochemical reactions,thanks to their maximum atom economy,unique electronic and geometric ***,the role of SACs supports on the catalytic performance does not receive enough research ***,we report an efficient route for synthesis of single atom Zn loading on the N-doped carbon nano-onions(ZnN/CNO).ZnN/CNO catalysts show an excellent high selectivity for CO_(2) electro-reduction to CO with a Faradaic efficiency of CO(FECO)up to 97%at -0.47 V(*** hydrogen electrode,RHE)and remarkable durability without activity *** our knowledge,ZnN/CNO is the best activity for the Zn based catalysts up to now,and superior to single atom Zn loading on the two-dimensional planar and porous structure of graphene substrate,although the graphene with larger surface *** exact role of such carbon nano-onions(CNO)support is studied systematically by coupling characterizations and electrochemistry with density functional theory(DFT)calculations,which have attributed such good performance to the increased *** increased curvature modifies the surface charge,which then changes the adsorption energies of key intermediates,and improves the selectivity for CO generation accordingly.

关键词： Single-atom catalysts Highly curved substrate Electrocatalytic CO_(2) reductions High activity and selectivity Coupling effect

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Two points are enough

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Hao Zhao, Yanbin Zheng, Huarong Fan, Xiulin Deng, Zhihua Chen, Mengchi Wang, Xingkai Liu, Zhiyang Lu, Jianguo Chen, Jian State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Components and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Ocean College Zhejiang University Hangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Control Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

Prognosis and diagnosis play an important role in accelerating the development of lithium-ion batteries, as well as reliable and long-life operation. In this work, we answer an important question: What is the minimum amount of data required to extract features for accurate battery prognosis and diagnosis? Based on the first principle, we successfully extracted the best two-point feature (BTPF) for accurate battery prognosis and diagnosis using the fewest data points (only two) and the simplest feature selection method (Pearson correlation coefficient). The BTPF extraction method is tested on 820 cells from 6 open-source datasets (covering five different chemistry types, seven manufacturers, and three data types). It achieves comparable accuracy to state-of-the-art features in both prognosis and diagnosis tasks. This work challenges the cognition of existing studies on the difficulty of battery prognosis and diagnosis tasks, subverts the fixed pattern of establishing prognosis and diagnosis methods for complex dynamic systems through deliberate feature engineering, highlights the promise of data-driven methods for field battery prognosis and diagnosis applications, and provides a new benchmark for future studies. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Communication-Assisted Sensing in 6G Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dong, Fuwang Liu, Fan Lu, Shihang Xiong, Yifeng Zhang, Qixun Feng, Zhiyong Gao, Feifei School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China School of Information and Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications Ministry of Education Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing100876 China

Exploring the mutual benefit and reciprocity of sensing and communication (S&C) functions is fundamental to realizing deeper integration for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. This paper investigates a novel communication-assisted sensing (CAS) system within 6G perceptive networks, where the base station actively senses the targets through device-free wireless sensing and simultaneously transmits the estimated information to end-users. In such a CAS system, we first establish an optimal waveform design framework based on the rate-distortion (RD) and source-channel separation (SCT) theorems. After analyzing the relationships between the sensing distortion, coding rate, and communication channel capacity, we propose two distinct waveform design strategies in the scenario of target impulse response estimation. In the separated S&C waveforms scheme, we equivalently transform the original problem into a power allocation problem and develop a low-complexity one-dimensional search algorithm, shedding light on a notable power allocation tradeoff between the S&C waveform. In the dual-functional waveform scheme, we conceive a heuristic mutual information optimization algorithm for the general case, alongside a modified gradient projection algorithm tailored for the scenarios with independent sensing sub-channels. Additionally, we identify the presence of both subspace tradeoff and water-filling tradeoff in this scheme. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms through numerical simulations. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optimization

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Transcending the MAX phases concept of nanolaminated early transition metal carbides/nitrides – the ZIA phases

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tunes, M.A. Drewry, S.M. Schmidt, F. Valdez, J.A. Schneider, M.M. Kohnert, C.A. Saleh, T.A. Schön, C.G. Fensin, S. El-Atwani, O. Goossens, N. Huang, S. Vleugels, J. Maloy, S.A. Lambrinou, K. Materials Science and Technology Division Los Alamos National Laboratory United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Tennessee United States Department of Nuclear Engineering University of California Berkeley United States Materials Physics and Applications Division Los Alamos National Laboratory United States Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Universidade de São Paulo Brazil Reactor Materials and Mechanical Design Pacific Northwest National Laboratory United States Department of Materials Engineering KU Leuven Belgium School of Computing and Engineering University of Huddersfield United Kingdom

A new potential class of nanolaminated and structurally complex materials, herein conceived as the Zigzag IntermetAllic (ZIA) phases, is proposed. A study of the constituent phases of a specific Nb–Si–Ni intermetallic alloy revealed that its ternary H-phase, i.e., the Nb3SiNi2 intermetallic compound (IMC), is a crystalline solid with the close-packed fcc Bravais lattice, the 312 MAX phase stoichiometry and a layered atomic arrangement that may define an entire class of nanolaminated IMCs analogous to the nanolaminated ceramic compounds known today as the MAX phases. The electron microscopy investigation of the Nb3SiNi2 compound – the first candidate ZIA phase – revealed a remarkable structural complexity, as its ordered unit cell is made of 96 atoms. The ZIA phases extend the concept of nanolaminated crystalline solids well beyond the MAX phases family of early transition metal carbides/nitrides, most likely broadening the spectrum of achievable material properties into domains typically not covered by the MAX phases. Furthermore, this work uncovers that both families of nanolaminated crystalline solids, i.e., the herein introduced fcc ZIA phases and all known variants of the hcp MAX phases, obey the same overarching stoichiometric rule Px+yAxNy, where x and y are integers ranging from 1 to 6. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Electron microscopy

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Recent development of chemically complex metallic glasses: from accelerated compositional design, additive manufacturing to novel applications

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Materials Futures 2022年第1期1卷 9-31页

作者： J Y Zhang Z Q Zhou Z B Zhang M H Park Q Yu Z Li J Ma A D Wang H G Huang M Song B S Guo Q Wang Y Yang Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of High Performance Nontraditional Manufacturing College of Mechatronics and Control EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518060People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguanGuangdong 523808People’s Republic of China Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsJiangyouSichuan 621907People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410083People’s Republic of China Institute of Advanced Wear&Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632People’s Republic of China Institute of Materials Laboratory for MicrostructuresShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Department of Advanced Design and System Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Metallic glasses(MGs)or amorphous alloys are an important engineering material that has a history of research of about 80–90 *** different fast cooling methods were developed for multi-component MGs between 1960s and 1980s,1990s witnessed a surge of research interest in the development of bulk metallic glasses(BGMs).Since then,one central theme of research in the metallic-glass community has been compositional design that aims to search for MGs with a better glass forming ability,a larger size and/or more interesting properties,which can hence meet the demands from more important *** this review article,we focus on the recent development of chemically complex MGs,such as high entropy MGs,with new tools that were not available or mature yet until recently,such as the state-of-the-art additive manufacturing technologies,high throughput materials design techniques and the methods for big data analyses(*** learning and artificial intelligence).We also discuss the recent use of MGs in a variety of novel and important applications,from personal healthcare,electric energy transfer to nuclear energy that plays a pivotal role in the battle against global warming.

关键词： metallic glasses amorphous alloys alloy design additive manufacturing machine learning high throughput materials design

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Enhancing Irradiation Resistance in Refractory Medium Entropy Alloys with Simplified Chemistry

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tunes, M.A. Parkison, D. Sun, B. Willenshofer, P. Samberger, S. Derby, B.K. Baldwin, J.K.S. Fensin, S.J. Sobieraj, D. Wróbel, J.S. Byggmästar, J. Pogatscher, S. Martinez, E. Nguyen-Manh, D. El-Atwani, O. Chair of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Montanuniversität Leoben Austria Materials Science and Technology Division Los Alamos National Laboratory United States Department of Nuclear Engineering University of California at Berkeley United States Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University United States Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National Laboratory United States Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Warsaw University of Technology Poland Department of Physics University of Helsinki Finland Materials Division United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Culham Campus Abingdon United Kingdom Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road United Kingdom Reactor Materials and Mechanical Design Pacific Northwest National Laboratory United States

Refractory High-Entropy Alloys (RHEAs) hold promising potential to be used as structural materials in future nuclear fusion reactors, where W and its alloys are currently leading candidates. Fusion materials must be able to withstand extreme conditions [1, 2], such as (i) severe radiation-damage arising from highly-energetic neutrons, (ii) embrittlement caused by implantation of H and He ions, and (iii) exposure to extreme high-temperatures and thermal gradients. Recent research demonstrated that two RHEAs - the WTaCrV [3] and WTaCrVHf [4] - can outperform both coarse-grained and nanocrystalline W in terms of its radiation response and microstructural stability [5-8]. Chemical complexity and nanocrystallinity enhance the radiation tolerance of these new RHEAs, but their multi-element nature, including low-melting Cr, complicates bulk fabrication and limits practical applications. Herein, we demonstrate that reducing the number of alloying elements and yet retain high-radiation tolerance is possible within the ternary system W-Ta-V via synthesis of two novel nanocrystalline refractory medium-entropy alloys (RMEAs): the W53Ta44V3 and W53Ta42V5 (in at.%). We experimentally show that the radiation response of the W-Ta-V system can be tailored by small additions of V, and such experimental result was validated with theoretical analysis of chemical short-range orders (CSRO) from combined ab-initio atomistic Monte-Carlo modeling. It is predicted from computational analysis that a small change in V concentration has a significant effect on the Ta-V CRSO between W53Ta44V3 and W53Ta42V5 leading to radiation-resistant microstructures in these RMEAs from chemistry stand-point of views. By returning to terminal solid solutions, we deviate from the original high-entropy alloy concept to show that high radiation resistance can be achieved in systems with simplified chemical complexity, hinting at a new paradigm for the metallurgy of high-entropy and highly-concentrated multi-compo

关键词： Tantalum alloys

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The 5th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology (ICBEB 2016) Abstracts

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BMC MEDICAL IMAGING 2016年第SUPPL 1期16卷 65-65页

作者： [Anonymous] Department of MRI Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 People’s Republic of China Department of Interventional Radiology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 People’s Republic of China College of Information Science and Technology Engr. Research Center of Digitized Textile & Fashion Tech. for Ministry of Education Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China Intelligent multimedia information processing Lab College of Software Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning Province 110004 China Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China Department of Electrical Engineering The City College of New York CUNY New York USA Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing Nanjing China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210046 China College of Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore School of Electronic Information Shanghai Dianji University Shanghai China School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Shepherd University Shepherdstown WV 25443 USA Davis College of Agriculture Natural Resources and Design West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26505 USA State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China Center of Medical Physics and Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China College of Agricultural and Life Sciences University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University New York NY 10012 USA Translational Imaging Division & MRI Unit Columbia University and New York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY 10032 USA Guangxi Key Laboratory of Manufacturing System & Adv

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Stvanet: A Spatio-Temporal Visual Attention Framework with Large Kernel Attention Mechanism for Citywide Traffic Dynamics Prediction

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Hongtai Jiang, Junbo Zhao, Zhan Pan, Renbin School of Transportation and Logistics National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology National United Engineering Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation Institute of System Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu611756 China Department of Urban Planning and Design The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Hong Kong School of Business Administration Southwestern University of Finance and Economics Chengdu611130 China

Enhancing the efficiency and safety of the Intelligent Transportation system requires effective modeling and prediction of citywide traffic dynamics. Most studies employ convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with a 3D convolutional structure or spatio-temporal models with self-attention mechanisms to capture the spatio-temporal information of traffic distribution. Although 3D CNNs excel at capturing local contextual information, they are computationally complex due to the large number of parameters and cannot capture long-range dependence. By contrast, although self-attention mechanisms originally designed to address challenges in natural language processing can capture long-range dependence, their application to 2D image structures requires breaking down the inherent 2D context into a 1D sequence, increasing the computational complexity and neglecting the adaptability between local contextual information and channels. Accordingly, we propose a spatio-temporal visual attention neural network (STVANet), a novel spatio-temporal visual attention 2D CNN, which integrates a unique visual attention module with a large kernel attention (LKA) mechanism and a feedforward component to capture long-range dependence and channel information in urban traffic data while preserving the 2D image structure. LKA-based spatio-temporal attention networks extract spatial and temporal features from weekly, daily, and recent hourly periods, and aggregate them with weighted consideration of external features to make predictions. Evaluation of real-world datasets demonstrates STVANet’s superiority over baseline models, showcasing its potential in citywide traffic prediction. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

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