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Gamma ray spectrum inversion based on master-secondary encoder-decoder network

Computer physics Communications 2025年 315卷

作者： Hu, Rundu Liu, Jian Zhou, Ruijie Hu, Liqun Department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of China HeFei230026 China Weihai Institute for Interdisciplinary Research Shandong University WeiHai264209 China Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Electronic Packaging Testing and Application WeiHai264209 China Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences HeFei230031 China

Gamma-ray diagnosis can detect the energy and spatial distribution of fast ions, as well as identify disruption signs. The detector's response to the gamma-ray spectrum involves complex mappings, requiring a fast and accurate spectrum reconstruction method. The challenge lies in the ill-conditioned nature of spectrum inversion, where errors in measurement can significantly amplify the uncertainties of the inversion results. To solve this, additional information is needed, introducing non-linearity into the problem. Traditional approaches typically rely on iterative algorithms, such as linear regularization, maximum likelihood estimation method (ML-EM), and Gold deconvolution (Gold). Recently, neural networks have gained traction due to their strong capability in handling non-linear and highly ill-posed problems. In this paper, we present a method leveraging a master-secondary network structure that splits the spectrum inversion into two simpler sub-problems, improving outcomes beyond those of a single network. This network structure is verified suitable for solving highly ill-posed inversion problems and applying to gamma-ray spectrum reconstruction. Our method's accuracy is compared to ML-EM and Gold, demonstrating superior stability and effectiveness, particularly under high noise conditions, achieving a level suitable for practical applications. This method has been successfully applied to gamma-ray spectrum detection in the EAST tokamak facility. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Maximum likelihood estimation

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Investigation of heavy-ion induced degradation and catastrophic burnout mechanism in SiC diode

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Solid-State electronics 2025年 229卷

作者： Hong Zhang Chao Peng Teng Ma Zhan-Gang Zhang Yu-Juan He Bin Li Zhi-Feng Lei Science and Technology on Reliability Physics and Application of Electronic Component Laboratory China Electronic Product Reliability and Environmental Testing Research Institute Guangzhou 510610 China School of Microelectronics South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510610 China

Irradiation experiment and simulation of 205-MeV Ge ion and 283-MeV I ion were used to analyze the single event leakage current (SELC) and the single event burnout (SEB) mechanism of SiC diode. Under two selected heavy ion irradiations, the ampere-magnitude pulse current were generated along with the occurrence of SEB. The SEB area was found to cover the anode metal, epitaxial layer and substrate in microscopic analysis, which resulted in damage to the forward and reverse characteristics of device. Devices were irradiated by 205-MeV Ge ion with a fluence of 5 × 10 6 n·cm −2 , under 200 V and 300 V reverse bias voltages, the breakdown voltage were degraded by 70 % and 82 % respectively. The anode contacts of SELC devices had local fractures and displacements, which led to the degradation of breakdown characteristics. Combined Monte Carlo simulation and TCAD simulation, the SEB critical temperature appeared near the anode contact firstly when the two selected heavy ions were incident. When the two selected heavy ions were incident from Schottky and Ohmic contacts at a bias voltage of 200 V, excessive temperature in local areas and temperature differences between different anode materials caused the fractures and displacements of anode contact.

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A single-shot pump-probe technique for measuring ultrafast absorption dynamics in a single-beam basis

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Optik 2023年第1期287卷

作者： Yu, Tianchen Yang, Junyi Zhou, Wenfa Li, Zhongguo Wu, Xingzhi Fang, Yu Song, Yinglin School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou215006 China Department of Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Changshu Institute of Technology Changshu215500 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Mathematics and Physics Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215009 China

We demonstrate a single-shot pump-probe technique in a single-beam basis. A transmissive annular echelon is used to spatially encode a single pulse, and generates a pump pulse and a probe pulse train with approximately 8 ps delay time and 40 fs time interval. Using this technique, we studied the ultrafast absorption dynamics of ZnSe at a wavelength of 515 nm. And our results indicate the ZnSe has an ultrafast two-photon absorption process and a slow carrier absorption process at 515 nm. In addition, with the help of a neutral density filter (ND), we also investigated the effect of probe intensity on the experimental results. © 2023 Elsevier GmbH

关键词： Selenium compounds

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Radiation Effects of 500 MeV Kr+ ions on NiO/β-Ga2O3 heterojunction diodes

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IEEE Transactions on Nuclear science 2025年

作者： Zhao, Penghui Chen, Hao Zhou, Leidang Ma, Teng Chen, Liang Yang, Tao Lei, Zhifeng Lu, Xing Zhou, Genshu Guo, Hui Ouyang, Xiaoping School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Microelectronics Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Xi’an Engineering Research Center of Advanced3D Vision Shaanxi Xi’an710000 China China Electronic Product Reliability and Environmental Testing Research Institute Science and Technology on Reliability Physics and Application of Electronic Component Laboratory Guangzhou510610 China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Radiation Detection Research Center Xi’an710024 China Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Instrument Science and Technology Xi’an710049 China Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Electronics and Information Technology Guangzhou510275 China Xidian University School of Microelectronics Shaanxi Xi’an710016 China

This study investigates the in-situ radiation effects on NiO/β-Ga2O3 heterojunction diodes (HJDs) under 500 MeV Kr+ ions irradiation, with a fluence of 1×108 cm-2 at -200 V. The statistical results show that both the forward conductive and reverse blocking characteristics of the HJDs were degraded after the irradiation of Kr+ ions. Associated with the analysis of current-voltage characteristics and the SRIM simulation results, the performance degradations were attributed to the vacancies induced by Kr+ ions radiation in the β-Ga2O3 material. On the one hand, the Kr+ radiation-induced vacancies reduced the net carrier concentration of the β-Ga2O3 and increased the generation-recombination current, leading to increased specific on-resistance and ideality factor of the irradiated HJDs. On the other hand, an oxygen di-vacancies-related trap, set at 1.07±0.01 eV below the conduction band, was involved after Kr+ ions radiation, which enhanced the Poole-Frenkel emission process, dominating the higher leakage current of the irradiated HJDs beyond -300 V. These results provide valuable insights into the radiation damage and performance degradation mechanisms in β-Ga2O3-based devices for space applications. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Radiation damage

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High energy storage density in NaNbO_(3) antiferroelectrics with double hysteresis loop

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第5期10卷 1026-1035页

作者： Li Ma Zhenpei Chen Gengguang Luo Zhiyi Che Chao Xu Dongliang Shan Zhenyong Cen Qin Feng Xiyong Chen Toyohisa Fujita Ye Zhu Yunya Liu Jing-Feng Li Shujun Zhang Nengneng Luo State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi UniversityNanning530004China Department of Applied Physics Research Institute for Smart EnergyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Application Technology of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105HunanChina State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative MaterialsUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW2500Australia

Antiferroelectrics(AFEs)possess great potential for high performance dielectric capacitors,due to their distinct double hysteresis loop with high maximum polarization and low remnant ***,the well-known NaNbO_(3) lead-free antiferroelectric(AFE)ceramic usually exhibits square-like P–E loop related to the irreversible AFE P phase to ferroelectric(FE)Q phase transition,yielding low recoverable energy storage density(Wrec).Herein,significantly improved Wrec up to 3.3 J/cm^(3) with good energy storage efficiency(η)of 42.4% was achieved in Na_(0.7)Ag_(0.3)Nb_(0.7)Ta_(0.3)O_(3)(30Agsingle bond30Ta)ceramic with well-defined double P–E loop,by tailoring the A-site electronegativity with Ag+and B-site polarizability with Ta^(5+).The Transmission Electron Microscope,Piezoresponse Force Microscope and in-situ Raman spectra results verified a good reversibility between AFE P phase and high-field-induced FE Q *** improved stability of AFE P phase,being responsible for the double P–E loop and improved Wrec,was attributed to the decreased octahedral tilting angles and cation *** mechanism was revealed by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Scanning Transmission Electron *** work provides a good paradigm for achieving double P–E loop and high energy storage density in NaNbO_(3)-based ceramics.

关键词： Sodium niobate Antiferroelectrics Double hysteresis loop Energy storage performance Reversibility

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Delay-Beat Differential Phase Demodulation for Laser Phase Noise Immunity in Phase-Sensitive OTDR

Delay-Beat Differential Phase Demodulation for Laser Phase N...

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Asia Communications and Photonics Conference and Exhibition (ACP)

作者： Heng Qian Chuan Li Chengli Li Yunnan Key Laboratory of Computer Technologies Application Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opo-electronic Information Technology School of Physics and Electronic Information Yunnan Normal University Kunming China

A phase demodulation method immune to laser phase noise based on time-delay beat-frequency coherent Φ-OTDR is proposed. In this method, the two Rayleigh backscattered light beams with time delay are beat with local light beams respectively, and the phase difference of the two beat signals is used instead of the traditional distance-difference phase to obtain the local disturbance information. In this way, the impact of laser phase noise introduce by the distance-difference phase is avoid, and the constraint of laser linewidth on phase demodulation performance is weakened. In the experiment, a demodulation accuracy of -63.5dB rad 2 /Hz is achieved under the condition of a laser with a linewidth of 100kHz, which is improve by 11dB compared to traditional phase demodulation method.

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High-temperature-resistant strain sensor based on the asymmetric tapered Fabry–Pérot fiber

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Journal of the Optical Society of America A 2025年第7期42卷 1031-1038页

作者： Xinping Song Jingwei Lv Jianxin Wang Wei Liu Famei Wang Weiqiang Wang Zao Yi Miao Liu Qiang Liu Paul K Chu Chao Liu School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Northeast Petroleum University Daqing 163318 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultra-Intense Laser and Advanced Material Technology Center for Intense Laser Application Technology and College of Engineering Physics Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen 518118 China Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 China Qinhuangdao Campus Northeast Petroleum University Qinhuangdao 066044 China Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China

A high-temperature-resistant strain sensor based on an asymmetric tapered Fabry–Pérot fiber (FPI) structure is designed and validated experimentally. The strain sensor is constructed by fusing two standard single-mode optical fibers to form a microbubble and applying a taper on one side of the microbubble to form the asymmetric tapered structure. The strain characteristics of the sensor in the temperature range from room temperature to 425°C are determined. A good linear relationship is observed between the wavelength displacement and tensile strain in this temperature range. The strain sensitivity is 47.69 pm/µ $\unicode{x03B5}$ at 25°C, and the linear response is reproducible in the range of 0–300 µ $\unicode{x03B5}$ . In addition, the wavelength displacement due to the applied strain is stable with respect to each 100°C increase in the temperature, indicating that the FPI sensor has good temperature stability in the strain range between 0 and 300 µ $\unicode{x03B5}$ . The average temperature sensitivity is 1.56 pm/°C in the temperature range between 25°C and 425°C, and the cross-sensitivity is very low. Our results show that the FPI sensor has strong resistance to high temperatures, boding well for applications such as aerospace components, metal processing, and gas boilers.

关键词： Femtosecond lasers Laser machining Optical fibers Optical materials Tapered fibers Ultrafast lasers

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Metasurface-integrated optofluidic sensing enabled by artificial vision intelligence for identifying liquid chemicals

Metasurface-integrated optofluidic sensing enabled by artifi...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Li, Hongliang Kim, Jin Tae Kim, Jin-Soo Choi, Duk-Yong Lee, Sang-Shin Department of Electronic Engineering Kwangwoon University Seoul01897 Korea Republic of Nano Device Application Center Kwangwoon University Seoul01897 Korea Republic of ICT Creative Research Laboratory Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon34129 Korea Republic of Nano OpticsLaboratory Departmentof Physics Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Quantum Science and Technology Research School of Physics Australian National University CanberraACT2601 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

The currently used liquid identification techniques are costly, cumbersome, and spectrometer-reliant. In this study, a compact, accurate, and cost-effective method for identifying liquids was presented using visual intelligence algorithms and a metasurface-incorporated optofluidic device incorporated. © Optica Publishing Group 2023 © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Multipartite entanglement serves as a faithful detector for quantum phase transitions

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Yan-Chao Zhou, Yuan-Hang Zhang, Yuan Bai, Yan-Kui Lin, Hai-Qing Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China College of Physics Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Hebei Normal University Hebei Shijiazhuang050024 China Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics School of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China

We investigate quantum phase transitions in various spin chain systems using the multipartite entanglement measure τSEF based on the monogamy inequality of squared entanglement of formation. Our results demonstrate that τSEF is more effective and reliable than bipartite entanglement or bipartite correlation measures such as entanglement of formation, von Neumann entropy, and quantum discord in characterizing quantum phase transitions. τSEF not only detects critical points that may go unnoticed by other detectors but also avoids the issue of singularity at non-critical points encountered by other measures. Furthermore, by applying τSEF, we have obtained the phase diagram for the XY spin chain with three and four interactions and discovered a new quantum phase. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phase diagrams

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Research progress on the performance optimization and sodium storage-mechanism of biomass-derived hard carbon anode materials

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Journal of Energy Storage 2025年 125卷

作者： Li, Xuenuan Luo, Yuan Wang, Yujie Guo, Kailong Liao, Lei Liao, Dongliang Jiang, Li Zhang, Kaiyou Qin, Aimiao Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials Ministry of Education Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices College of Material Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Yangling712100 China College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering & Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Application Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China

In the context of environmental protection and energy depletion, the development of green, high-yield, and low-cost energy storage materials has become a focal point in the advancement of new energy materials in today's society. In the new generation of energy storage systems, rechargeable batteries hold a key position in the energy and power sectors. Among these, sodium-ion batteries exhibit significant potential for development due to their abundant resources, low cost, and high safety. Biomass hard carbon anode materials have garnered considerable attention in the energy storage field owing to their abundant raw material sources, environmental friendliness, and inherent structural advantages. This paper systematically reviews the development history, classification, synthesis strategies, and energy storage mechanisms of biomass hard carbon anode materials in recent years. Additionally, it summarizes the characteristics of biomass-based electrode materials and discusses how to select promising precursors with potential applications from biomass. This work aims to provide guidance for the future preparation of high-performance biomass hard carbon anode materials. © 2025

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries

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