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Electrochemical-Thermochemical Cascade System for the Sustainable Conversion of Crude Acetylene to C6+ Esters

Small 2025年

作者： Jiang, Wei He, Dayin Ma, Xianhui Zhou, Huang Wu, Yuen Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry/School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China Deep Space Exploration Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

Acetylene (C2H2), a critical chemical feedstock derived from natural gas or coal, faces sustainability challenges due to high CO₂ emissions from conventional production methods. These emissions not only contribute to carbon footprints but also hinder the upgrading of C2H2. Herein, a two-step electrochemical and thermochemical cascade system that directly converts CO₂-contaminated crude acetylene into C6+ esters is proposed. In the first step, CO₂ from crude acetylene is captured by hydroxide to form bicarbonate, which is subsequently released in situ at the cathode under electrolysis. Using a Ni single-atom catalyst, CO is efficiently generated with a Faradaic efficiency of 97.8 ± 0.84% at 100 mA cm−2. The generated CO then reacts with acetylene in the second step, where a Pd-based catalyst enables the production of dimethyl butenedioate at 7.83 ± 0.31 mmol L−1 h−1 and selective dimethyl maleate synthesis (>65% selectivity). Furthermore, replacing methanol with ethanol or butanol in the carbonylation step allows for tunable synthesis of diethyl or dibutyl butenedioate, demonstrating broad applicability. Techno-economic analysis indicates a 46.9% cost reduction compared to the traditional reverse water-gas shift system, attributed to lower energy demands and eliminated separation steps. This work provides a green strategy for valorizing low-value acetylene streams while mitigating CO₂ emissions. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Carbonylation

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Ptychographic characterization of spatiotemporal wavepackets

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Optica 2025年第4期12卷 498-504页

作者： Liu, Yuanyuan Xu, Yingming Zhang, Nianjia Liu, Dawei Wei, Lijin Cao, Qian Shi, Junhui Zhan, Qiwen School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Zhangjiang Laboratory 100 Haike Road Shanghai201204 China Research Center for Novel Computational Sensing and Intelligent Processing Zhejiang Lab. Hangzhou311100 China College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

Exciting advances in spatiotemporal wavepackets have shown great potential in a range of applications, including particle manipulation, time-resolved imaging, and unique light–matter interactions. In particular, spatiotemporal optical vortice (STOV) pulse beams characterized by a helical phase structure in space and time are a recently emerging type of complex structured ultrashort pulse. However, the high-resolution measurement and manipulation of ultrashort spatiotemporal wavepackets still face major challenges due to their inseparable properties in space and time. In this study, based on spectra-encoded ptychography, we implement a simple, compact, reference-free STOV characterization technique with a temporal resolution of 6 fs and a spatial resolution of 11.05 µm. This technique can be employed to analyze various intricate spatiotemporal structural beams, contributing to the growing field of spatiotemporally engineered ultrafast laser pulse beams. Additionally, as a lensless measurement technique, this characterization method may be extended to other spectral ranges, including the extreme ultraviolet and X-ray domains. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group.

关键词： Wave packets

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Game-based Secondary control for DC Microgrids with Nash Equilibrium

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2025年

作者： Yuan, Qi-Fan Wang, Yan-Wu Liu, Xiao-Kang Guo, Kai-Yuan Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Wuhan430074 China

Voltage regulation and current sharing are two major issues when designing distributed control strategies for DC microgrids. However, power supply economy of local generators also needs to be considered. In this paper, a game-based framework is constructed, where multiple generators are regarded as the participants with secondary control signals being the game actions. A distributed secondary control algorithm is proposed, while information mask is introduced to avoid transmitting true control signal to neighbors. Then, payoff function is designed for each generator, which is composed of voltage regulation error, current sharing error and the local generation cost. It is proved that under the proposed secondary control algorithm in conjunction with the payoff function, a unique Nash equilibrium can be reached. Consequently, the minimum of the payoff function can be achieved, where the optimization of system control behavior and local economic operation can be realized simultaneously. Numerical simulations and experimental tests are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed secondary control strategy within several scenarios. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Microgrids

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Vortex solitons in quasi-phase-matched photonic crystals with competing quadratic and cubic nonlinearity

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Physical Review E 2025年第3期111卷 034208-034208页

作者： Zhuo Fan Wan Liu Linjia Wang Wei Peng Di Wu Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensing and Intelligent Control Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning 437100 China and School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Xianning Medical College Hubei University of Science and Technology Xianning 437100 China

We introduce a methodology for investigating vortex solitons (VSs) within quasi-phase-matched (QPM) photonic crystals, featuring competing quadratic and cubic nonlinearities. The photonic crystal is introduced with a checkerboard structure, which is feasible through contemporary technological advancements. The VS family is constructed as quadrupole and 8-pole configurations, with the quadrupole solitons displaying rhombus and square modes depending on different phase-matching conditions. Notably, an intriguing transformation from the quadrupole to the 8-pole configuration can be achieved by modulating the cubic nonlinear coefficient. Additionally, the square-shaped VSs would transfer to rhombus patterns by adjusting the power and size of the checkerboard cell in the framework of cubic nonlinearity. This work presents a versatile and powerful tool for exploring and manipulating vortex solitons in QPM photonic structures, with potential applications in optical signal processing, optical communications, and nonlinear optics research.

关键词： Solitons

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Adaptive Skeleton Prompt Tuning for Cross-Dataset 3D Human Pose Estimation

Adaptive Skeleton Prompt Tuning for Cross-Dataset 3D Human P...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Haolun Li Fuchen Zheng Ye Liu Jian Xiong Wenhua Zhang Haidong Hu Hao Gao Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications National Key Laboratory of Space Intelligent Control China Academy of Space Technology University of Macau MIGU Co. Ltd

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Inconsistency of distributions in human actions and camera viewpoints can lead to significant deviations when the pre-trained 3D pose estimators are tested on cross-datasets. In practical applications, the estimators usually follow the standard full fine-tuning paradigm on the target dataset, which requires updating and saving a complete set of training parameters for different tasks, resulting in a large waste of resources and distorting pre-trained features. Taking inspiration from the widely used prompt learning in NLP, we explore the parameter-efficient fine-tuning solution of 3D pose estimators for the first time and propose the Adaptive Skeleton Prompt Tuning (ASP-Tuning) method, which freezes the backbone of the pre-trained model and generates a series of pose generic promptings as well as adaptive promptings specific to the input skeleton features to learn distribution transformation. Extensive experiments on multiple estimator backbones and datasets show that our method is superior to other fine-tuning methods and achieves state-of-the-art performance.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Three-dimensional displays Pose estimation Cameras Transformers Skeleton Speech processing Tuning Standards

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Parameters Extraction of Photovoltaic Cell Using Particle Swarm Optimization 4th

Parameters Extraction of Photovoltaic Cell Using Particle Sw...

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4th International Conference on Electronic Engineering and Renewable Energy Systems, ICEERE 2024

作者： Chermite, Charaf Douiri, Moulay Rachid Elamri, Oumaymah Control and Computer Science for Intelligent Systems and Green Energy Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco LAMIGEP EMSI of Marrakech Systems and Applications Engineering Laboratory National School of Applied Sciences Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Marrakesh Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9789819799749

Extracting parameters accurately and effectively from solar photovoltaic (PV) models is crucial for detailed simulation, evaluation, and management of PV systems. Although there has been an increase in the development of analytical, numerical, and metaheuristic methods targeting this task, accurately determining these parameters continues to be a significant challenge. This study focuses on applying Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for the extraction of key parameters of RTC France solar cells, a critical step towards enhancing PV system efficiency and reliability. Additionally, the PSO's performance is evaluated against other metaheuristic algorithms including Enhanced Chaotic JAYA (CJAYA), Performance-Guided JAYA (PGJAYA), and Enhanced Gradient-Based Optimizer (EGBO), underscoring the effectiveness of the proposed PSO-based approach. Utilizing MATLAB-SIMULINK, comprehensive analysis and results are presented, shedding light on the efficacy of PSO in addressing the intricacies of parameter extraction in PV systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Improved Extrinsic Calibration of Acoustic Cameras via Batch Optimization

Improved Extrinsic Calibration of Acoustic Cameras via Batch...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Zhi Li Jiang Wang Xiaoyang Li He Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Control Theory and Intelligent Systems and the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fully Actuated System Control Theory and Technology Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Acoustic cameras have found many applications in practice. Accurate and reliable extrinsic calibration of the microphone array and visual sensors within acoustic cameras is crucial for fusing visual and auditory measurements. Existing calibration methods either require prior knowledge of the microphone array geometry or rely on grid search which suffers from slow iteration speed or poor convergence. To overcome these limitations, in this paper, we propose an automatic calibration technique using a calibration board with both visual and acoustic markers to identify each microphone position in the camera frame. We formulate the extrinsic calibration problem (between microphones and the visual sensor) as a nonlinear least squares problem and employ a batch optimization strategy to solve the associated problem. Extensive numerical simulations and real-world experiments show that the proposed method improves both the accuracy and robustness of extrinsic parameter calibration for acoustic cameras, in comparison to existing methods. To benefit the community, we open-source all the codes and data at https://***/AISLAB-sustech/AcousticCamera.

关键词： Visualization Accuracy Cameras Numerical simulation Acoustics Robustness Microphone arrays Calibration Optimization Sensor arrays

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Calibration of Multiple Asynchronous Microphone Arrays using Hybrid TDOA

Calibration of Multiple Asynchronous Microphone Arrays using...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Chengjie Zhang Wenda Pan Xinyang Han He Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Control Theory and Intelligent Systems and the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fully Actuated System Control Theory and Technology Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Accurate calibration of acoustic sensing systems made of multiple asynchronous microphone arrays is essential for satisfactory performance in sound sour ce localization and tracking. State-of-the-art calibration methods for this type of system rely on the time difference of arrival and direction of arrival measurements among the microphone arrays (denoted as TDOA-M and DOA, respectively). In this paper, to enhance calibration accuracy, we propose to incorporate the time difference of arrival measurements between adjacent sound events (TDOA-S) with respect to the microphone arrays. More specifically, we propose a two-stage calibration approach, including an initial value estimation (IVE) procedure and the final joint optimization step. The IVE stage first initializes all parameters except for microphone array orientations, using hybrid TDOA (i.e., TDOA-M and TDOA-S), odometer data from a moving robot carrying a speaker, and DOA. Subsequently, microphone orientations are estimated through the iterative closest point method. The final joint optimization step estimates multiple microphone array locations, orientations, time offsets, clock drift rates, and sound source locations simultaneously. Both simulation and experiment results show that for scenarios with low or moderate TDOA noise levels, our approach outperforms existing methods in terms of accuracy. All code and data are available at https://***/AISLAB-sustech/Hybrid-TDOA-Multi-Calib.

关键词： Direction-of-arrival estimation Accuracy Time difference of arrival Position measurement Odometers Microphone arrays Calibration Arrays Optimization Noise level

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intelligent multi-component fault diagnosis method driven by vibration-mapped images of mechanical transmission system

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Zhendong yu Chongji/Journal of Vibration and Shock 2025年第12期44卷 201-211页

作者： Fan, Hongwei Zhang, Teng Xu, Haowen Li, Qingshan Chen, Buran Li, Pengfei School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an710054 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Detection and Control of Mining Electromechanical Equipment of Shaanxi Province Xi'an710054 China

In order to realize the intelligent multi-component fault diagnosis of bearings, rotors and gears in a mechanical transmission system under low speed, weak faults and few measurement points, a fault diagnosis method based on improved vibration-mapped gray texture images (GTIs) and multi-scale lightweight convolutional neural network was proposed. An improved gray texture image with enhanced features was obtained by robust local binary pattern (RLBP) on the traditional gray image. Based on the standard convolutional neural network (CNN), a multi-scale lightweight CNN (MSLCNN) model was constructed by adding batch normalization, multi-scale convolution and simplified full connection layer. The fault diagnosis experiment under 700 r/min and a single measurement point was designed, and seven typical faults of bearings, rotors and gears were simulated. The investigation shows that the model parameters of the proposed fault diagnosis method are 0.30 M, the floating point operations (FLOPs) are 127.22 M, the model size is 1. 17 MB, and the average diagnostic accuracy is 98.42%. It provides a new feasible approach for the data-driven multi-component fault diagnosis of the mechanical transmission system based on the deep learning. © 2025 Chinese Vibration Engineering Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Swimming Performance Enhancement of the Magnetic Helical Microrobots Based on Surface Microstructure Modification

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IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2025年第6期10卷 5729-5736页

作者： Hou, Yaozhen Bai, Kailun Zhong, Shihao Zheng, Zhiqiang Shi, Qing Huang, Qiang Fukuda, Toshio Li, Fangxing Wang, Huaping Beijing Institute of Technology Intelligent Robotics Institute School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing100081 China Science and Technology on Space Physics Laboratory Beijing100076 China City University of Hong Kong Department of Biomedical Engineering Hong Kong999077 Hong Kong Nagoya University Department of Micronano Systems Engineering Nagoya464-8603 Japan Beijing Institute of Technology School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology Affiliated Zhuhai People's Hospital Zhuhai519088 China

Magnetic helical microrobots have attracted considerable attraction in microscale targeted delivery due to their high propulsion efficiency and movement flexibility. However, for biomedical applications in unstructured and multi-branched liquid environments, the capabilities of high swimming performance and precise selective control over a robot group of are essential. Here, we introduce a method for achieving high-performance propulsion and selective control of individual magnetic microrobots within a group by modulating surface wettability through localized surface microstructure modifications. We treated the surface of the helical microrobots with dimples and pimples of varying diameters and spacings to effectively distinguish the wettability. Our findings demonstrate that helical microrobots after surface modification exhibit higher step-out frequencies (ωstep-out) and maximum velocities (vr-max), where the modified microrobots become more hydrophobic compared to the microrobots before modification. The variation of microrobots' step-out frequencies (ωstep-out) and the maximum velocities (vr-max) correlate positively with the surface hydrophobicity. The swimming performance on the surface-modified microrobots is performed which demonstrates a maximum increase of 67% in forward velocity and 76% in step-out frequency. Furthermore, our method was effectively employed to actuate a helical microrobots group to achieve selective navigation in a multi-branched microchannel. We anticipate that this approach can be applied to achieve high-efficiency and precise targeted delivery in biomedical applications. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Wetting

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