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Enhanced ion conductivity and electrode–electrolyte interphase stability of porous Si anodes enabled by silicon nitride nanocoating for high-performance Li-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 616-625,I0017页

作者： Shixiong Mei Siguang Guo Ben Xiang Jiaguo Deng Jijiang Fu Xuming Zhang Yang Zheng Biao Gao Paul K Chu Kaifu Huo The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy and Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO) School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Department of Physics Department of Materials Science&EngineeringDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina

Silicon (Si) is a promising anode material for next-generation high-energy lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high ***,the large volumetric expansion,poor ion conductivity and unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) lead to rapid capacity fading and low rate ***,we report Si nitride (SiN) comprising stoichiometric Si_(3)N_(4) and Li-active anazotic SiN_(x) coated porous Si (p-Si@SiN)for high-performance anodes in *** ant-nest-like porous Si consisting of 3D interconnected Si nanoligaments and bicontinuous nanopores prevents pulverization and accommodates volume expansion during *** Si_(3)N_(4) offers mechanically protective coating to endow highly structural integrity and inhibit superfluous formation of *** fast ion conducting Li_(3)N generated in situ from lithiation of active SiN_(x) facilitates Li ion ***,the p-Si@SiN anode has appealing electrochemical properties such as a high capacity of 2180 mAh g^(-1)at 0.5 A g^(-1) with 84%capacity retention after 200cycles and excellent rate capacity with discharge capacity of 721 mAh g^(-1) after 500 cycles at 5.0 A g^(-1).This work provides insights into the rational design of active/inactive nanocoating on Si-based anode materials for fast-charging and highly stable LIBs.

关键词： Silicon anode Ion conductivity Si_(3)N_(4) SiN_(x) Lithium-ion battery

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On-chip single-photon chirality encircling exceptional points

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Chip 2023年第4期2卷 71-77页

作者： Zhen-Nan Tian Feng Yu Xu-Lin Zhang Kai Ming Lau Li-Cheng Wang Jensen Li C.T.Chan Qi-Dai Chen State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Sci-ence and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong 999077China

Exceptional points(EPs),which are typically defined as the degener-acy points of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian,have been investigated in various physical systems such as photonic *** particular,the intriguing topological structures around EPs have given rise to novel strategies for manipulating photons and the underlying mechanism is especially useful for on-chip photonic *** some on-chip experiments with the adoption of lasers have been reported,EP-based photonic chips working in the quantum regime largely re-main *** the current work,a single-photon experiment was proposed to dynamically encircle an EP in on-chip photonic waveg-uides possessing passive anti-parity-time *** coinci-dences measurement reveals a chiral feature of transporting single photons,which can act as a building block for on-chip quantum de-vices that require asymmetric *** findings in the cur-rent work pave the way for on-chip experimental study on the physics of EPs as well as inspiring applications for on-chip non-Hermitian quantum devices.

关键词： Non-Hermitian photonics Photonic chip Exceptional points Single photons

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Development of a high-resolution near-surface meteorological forcing dataset for the Third Pole region

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第4期68卷 1274-1290页

作者： Yaozhi JIANG Wenjun TANG Kun YANG Jie HE Changkun SHAO Xu ZHOU Hui LU Yingying CHEN Xin LI Jiancheng SHI School of Resources and Environment University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System ModelingInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China National Tibetan Plateau Data Center State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemEnvironment and ResourcesInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Tsinghua University(Department of Earth System Science)-Xi’an Institute of Surveying and Mapping Joint Research Center for Next-Generation Smart Mapping Beijing100084China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China

Recently,the Third Pole(TP)region has experienced rapid environmental *** data are essential for hydrometeorological and ecological applications but still have large uncertainties on the TP owing to the heterogeneous land surface,complex terrain,and sparse weather *** this study,a long-term(1979–2020)high-resolution(1/30°)meteorological forcing dataset for the TP(TPMFD)was developed,as a sister to the widely used China Meteorological Forcing Dataset(CMFD).The TPMFD comprises seven components necessary for driving land surface *** have previously contributed precipitation and downward shortwave radiation data for the TPMFD,and this study presents the development of five other components and focuses on validations for all ***,2-meter air temperature,2-meter specific humidity,10-meter wind speed,and surface air pressure were generated by combining the fifth-generation atmospheric reanalysis for European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5),a short-term high-resolution atmospheric simulation,and in situ observations,and the downward longwave radiation was calculated using semi-physical *** cross-validation and independent-validation demonstrated that most variables in the developed dataset outperformed those in widely used reanalysis datasets,including ERA5,ERA5-Land,and the Global Land Data Assimilation System(GLDAS).This dataset is expected to be beneficial for climate analyses and modeling applications of land-surface processes on the TP.

关键词： Meteorological data Third Pole High-resolution Data downscaling and merging

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Multi-physics Coupling Analyses of Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Reactor 23rd

Multi-physics Coupling Analyses of Nuclear Thermal Propulsio...

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23rd Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference, PBNC 2022

作者： Han, Wenbin Guan, Zechuan Huang, Shanfang Deng, Jian Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819910229

Nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) reactors have high-temperature solid-state characteristics and significant thermal expansion, which therefore require multi-physics coupling analyses. In this paper, the framework of Neutronics, Thermal-Hydraulics and Mechanics coupling (N/T-H/M) of nuclear thermal propulsion reactor is developed, and the typical reactor XE-2 is analyzed with this method. The results show that the N/T-H/M coupling will bring -1049 pcm negative reactivity, of which the thermal expansion effect accounts for 22%, indicating that the nuclear thermal propulsion reactor has a certain capacity for self-regulation. However, thermal expansion will lead to 0.88 mm peak deformation and 233 MPa peak stress, which will severely threaten the mechanical tolerance of the materials. Therefore, there is a trade-off between the advantages and disadvantages of the high-temperature solid-state core while designing NTP reactors. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Thermal expansion

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High yield growth of centimeter-sized black phosphorus single crystal thin flakes through bidirectional vapor transport

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science China Materials 2025年第1期68卷 217-225页

作者： Siyuan Wang Cheng Chen Yaning Liang Xingang Hou Xiangyi Wang Zhuo Dong Junyong Wang Chao Jiang Kai Zhang Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Display Materials and Chips&i-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China School of Nano Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing and Department of Applied PhysicsNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Black phosphorus(BP)has been regarded as a promising two-dimensional semiconductor due to its excellent properties including high carrier mobility and widely tunable direct *** extensive interest as well as research progress,the preparation of large-size and high-quality BP single crystal in high throughput still remains ***,a facile growth of centimeter-sized BP single crystal flakes with dozens of throughput per batch is achieved by using bidirectional vapor transport(BVT)*** crystal quality is confirmed by structural and spectrum characterizations,with an X-ray diffraction rocking curve peak half-height width of only 0.02°.The as-grown BP single crystal flake with smooth cleavage plane can be easily exfoliated into large scale ***-effect transistors fabricated based on the BP by such approach show excellent performance including reliable carrier mobility up to 1150 cm^(2) V^(−1) s^(−1) and on/off current ratio of~10^(6)at 15 *** approach is also applicable to various doped-BP,such as As-BP,Se-BP,Te-BP,*** ability to grow centimeter-sized BP single crystal flakes in high yield will accelerate the research and applications of BP-based electronics and optoelectronics.

关键词： black phosphorus single crystal chemical vapor transport two-dimensional materials field-effect transistors

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Oxidized organic molecules in the tropical free troposphere over Amazonia

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National science Review 2024年第1期11卷 174-184页

作者： Qiaozhi Zha Diego Aliaga Radovan Krejci Victoria A.Sinclair Cheng Wu Giancarlo Ciarelli Wiebke Scholz Liine Heikkinen Eva Partoll Yvette Gramlich Wei Huang Markus Leiminger Joonas Enroth Otso Per?kyl? Runlong Cai Xuemeng Chen Alkuin Maximilian Koenig Fernando Velarde Isabel Moreno Tuukka Pet?j? Paulo Artaxo Paolo Laj Armin Hansel Samara Carbone Markku Kulmala Marcos Andrade Douglas Worsnop Claudia Mohr Federico Bianchi Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics University of Helsinki Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences Nanjing University Department of Environmental Science & Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg Institute for Ion and Applied Physics University of Innsbruck Ionicon Analytik GmbH Laboratory for Atmospheric Physics Institute for Physics Research Universidad Mayor de San Andrés Institute of Physics University of Sao Paulo Institute for Geosciences and Environmental Research (IGE) University of Grenoble Alpes Agrarian Sciences Institute Federal University of Uberl?ndia Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Maryland Aerodyne Research Inc. Department of Environmental System Science ETH Zürich Switzerland and Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

New particle formation(NPF) in the tropical free troposphere(FT) is a globally important source of cloud condensation nuclei, affecting cloud properties and climate. Oxidized organic molecules(OOMs)produced from biogenic volatile organic compounds are believed to contribute to aerosol formation in the tropical FT, but without direct chemical observations. We performed in situ molecular-level OOMs measurements at the Bolivian station Chacaltaya at 5240 m above sea level, on the western edge of Amazonia. For the first time, we demonstrate the presence of OOMs, mainly with 4–5 carbon atoms, in both gas-phase and particle-phase(in terms of mass contribution) measurements in tropical FT air from Amazonia. These observations, combined with air mass history analyses, indicate that the observed OOMs are linked to isoprene emitted from the rainforests hundreds of kilometers away. Based on particle-phase measurements, we find that these compounds can contribute to NPF, at least the growth of newly formed nanoparticles, in the tropical FT on a continental scale. Thus, our study is a fundamental and significant step in understanding the aerosol formation process in the tropical FT.

关键词： oxidized organic molecules tropical aerosol formation Amazon free troposphere

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Ion Acoustic Cnoidal Waves in an Ion-Beam Multispecies Plasma 2nd

Ion Acoustic Cnoidal Waves in an Ion-Beam Multispecies Pla...

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2nd International Conference on Nonlinear Dynamics and Applications, ICNDA 2024

作者： Kaur, Rajneet Slathia, Geetika Singh, Kuldeep Saini, N.S. Department of Physics Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar143005 India Space and Planetary Science Center Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Mathematics Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9783031668739

The morphology of ion acoustic cnoidal waves (IACWs) in unmagnetized plasma comprises of negative and positive ion fluids, a positive ion-beam, and superthermal electrons is presented. The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, which characterizes nonlinear periodic waves, is derived by adopting the reductive perturbation method (RPM), and IACW solution is determined. The influence of the ion-beam, the superthermality of electrons, and other relevant factors on the dynamics of IACWs are examined. The outcomes of this investigation could advance our knowledge of the key characteristics of ion acoustic waves in laboratory plasmas. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Korteweg-de Vries equation

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Enhancing I^(0)/I^(-)Conversion Efficiency by Starch Confinement in Zinc-lodine Battery

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 114-120页

作者： Danyang Zhao Qiancheng Zhu Qiancheng Zhou Wenming Zhang Ying Yu Shuo Chen Zhifeng Ren Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology College of Physical Science and TechnologyCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric Devices College of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China Department of Physics and TcSUH University of HoustonHouston Texas 77204USA

The redox couple of I^(0)/I^(-)in aqueous rechargeable iodine–zinc(I^(2)-Zn)batteries is a promising energy storage resource since it is safe and cost-effective,and provides steady output ***,the cycle life and efficiency of these batteries remain unsatisfactory due to the uncontrolled shuttling of polyiodide(I_(3)^(-)and I_(5)^(-))and side reactions on the Zn *** is a very low-cost and widely sourced food used daily around the world.“Starch turns blue when it encounters iodine”is a classic chemical reaction,which results from the unique structure of the helix starch molecule–iodine *** by this,we employ starch to confine the shuttling of polyiodide,and thus,the I^(0)/I^(-)conversion efficiency of an I^(2)-Zn battery is clearly *** to the detailed characterizations and theoretical DFT calculation results,the enhancement of I^(0)/I^(-)conversion efficiency is mainly originated from the strong bonding between the charged products of I_(3)^(-)and I_(5)^(-)and the rich hydroxyl groups in *** work provides inspiration for the rational design of high-performance and low-cost I^(2)-Zn in AZIBs.

关键词： aqueous battery conversion efficiency iodine-zinc battery starch confinement

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Li^(+)doping induced zero-thermal quenching in Cs_(3)Zn_(6-x-y)B_(9)O_(21):xEu^(3+),yLi^(+)(0≤x≤0.10,0.06≤y≤0.16)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第10期41卷 1478-1486,I0001页

作者： Yuxing Bai Liwei Wu Qilin Cheng Li Wu Yongfa Kong Yi Zhang Jingjun Xu Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics Ministry of EducationSchool of PhysicsNankai UniversityTianjin300071China College of Science Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin300300China Institute of Photo-electronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Nankai UniversityTianjin300071China

Thermal stability is a crucial index to assess application value of high-power LEDs,which is related to lattice ***,an effective structure-engineering strategy is proposed to achieve excellent *** the 394 nm excitation,Cs_3Zn_(5.94)B_9O_(21):0.06Eu^(3+)possesses two characteristic emissions peaked at 591 and 612 nm with limited thermal *** introducing Li^(+)ions into the lattice,the sample exhibits high color purity and excellent zero-thermal quenching because the defect contents of the phosphor can be effectively modulated via charge-compensation ***,under the stimulus of high temperature,the corresponding trap levels with a suitable depth(E=1.27 eV)will release electrons to recombine with the luminescent centers,compensating for the energy *** study provides a meaningful guide for optimizing and designing novel functional photoluminescent materials.

关键词： Photoluminescence Charge compensation Lattice defects Thermal stability Rare earths

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On the ion distributions at the separatrices during symmetric magnetic reconnection

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Earth and Planetary physics 2021年第2期5卷 205-217页

作者： HongTao Huang YiQun Yu JinBin Cao Lei Dai RongSheng Wang School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment Department of Geophysics and Planetary ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

A particle-in-cell simulation of symmetric reconnection with zero guide field is carried out to understand the dynamics of ions along the *** the investigation of ion velocity distributions at different moments and locations along the separatrices,a typical distribution is found:two counter-streaming populations in the perpendicular direction,with another two populations accelerated into distinct energy levels in the parallel *** tracing of ions reveals that the counter-streaming cores are mostly composed of ions initially located at the same side of the separatrix,while the other two accelerated populations in the parallel direction are composed of ions crossing through the neutral *** analysis of energy conversion of these populations,it is found that the ion energization along the separatrix is attributable primarily to the Hall electric field,while that in the region between the two separatrices is caused primarily by the induced reconnection electric *** the counter-streaming population,the low-energy ions that cross the separatrix twice are affected by both Hall and reconnection electric fields,while the high-energy ions that directly enter the separatrix from the unperturbed plasma are energized mainly by the Hall electric *** the two energized populations in the parallel direction,the ions with lower-energy are accelerated mainly by the in-plane electric field and the Hall electric field on the opposite side of the separatrix,whereas the ions with higher-energy not only experience the same energization process but also are constantly accelerated by the reconnection electric field.

关键词： magnetic reconnection particle-in-cell simulation energetic particles

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