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Advances in Deep-Learning-based Precipitation Nowcasting Techniques

Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第3期30卷 337-350页

作者： ZHENG Qun LIU Qi LAO Ping LU Zhen-ci School of Earth and Space Sciences/CMA-USTC Laboratory of Fengyun Remote Sensing University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026 China

Precipitation nowcasting,as a crucial component of weather forecasting,focuses on predicting very short-range precipitation,typically within six *** approach relies heavily on real-time observations rather than numerical weather *** core concept involves the spatio-temporal extrapolation of current precipitation fields derived from ground radar echoes and/or satellite images,which was generally actualized by employing computer image or vision ***,with stirring breakthroughs in artificial intelligence(AI)techniques,deep learning(DL)methods have been used as the basis for developing novel approaches to precipitation *** progress has been obtained in recent years,manifesting the strong potential of DL-based nowcasting models for their advantages in both prediction accuracy and computational *** paper provides an overview of these precipitation nowcasting approaches,from which two stages along the advancing in this field *** models that were established on an elementary neural network dominated in the first stage,while large meteorological models that were based on complex network architectures prevailed in the *** particular,the nowcasting accuracy of such data-driven models has been greatly increased by imposing suitable physical *** integration of AI models and physical models seems to be a promising way to improve precipitation nowcasting techniques further.

关键词： precipitation nowcasting deep learning neural network classic model large model

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Fe doping 1T phase MoS_(2)with enhanced zinc-ion storage ability and durability for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2025年第1期44卷 253-263页

作者： Jing-Yi Liu Rong-Jie Zhe Zhan-Hong Peng Yi-Hui Song Lin-Xuan Yang Chen Qing Jun-Ling Guo Jin-Ping Liu Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Technology College of Physics and Electronic Information TechnologyYunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650000China Country State Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon and Environmental Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

As a promising cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries,1T-MoS_(2)has been extensively investigated because of its facile two-dimensional ion-diffusion channels and high electrical ***,the limited number of available Zn storage sites,i.e.,limited capacity,hinders its application because the inserted Zn^(2+),which form strong electrostatic interactions with 1T-MoS_(2),preventing subsequent Zn^(2+)***,the approach of enlarging the interlayer distance to reduce electrostatic interactions has been commonly used to enhance the capacity and reduce Zn^(2+)migration ***,an enlarged interlayer spacing can weaken the van der Waals force between 1T-MoS_(2)monolayers,easily disrupting the structural ***,to address this issue,an effective strategy based on Fe doping is proposed for 1T-MoS_(2)(Fe-1T-MoS_(2)).The theoretical calculations reveal that Fe doping can simultaneously moderate the rate of decrease in the adsorption energy after gradually increasing the number of stored atoms,and enhance the electron delocalization on metal-O ***,the experiment results show that Fe doping can simultaneously activate more Zn storage sites,thus enhancing the capacity,and stabilize the structural stability for improved cycling ***,Fe-1T-MoS_(2)exhibits a larger capacity(189 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1))and superior cycling stability(78%capacity retention after 400 cycles at 2 A·g^(-1))than pure 1T-MoS_(2).This work may open up a new avenue for constructing high-performance MoS_(2)-based cathodes.

关键词： Aqueous zinc-ion battery 1T-MoS_(2) Fe doping More Zn storage sites Enhanced structural stability

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Photonuclear production of nuclear isomers using bremsstrahlung induced by laser-wakefield electrons

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2023年第5期34卷 112-124页

作者： Hao-Yang Lan Di Wu Jia-Xin Liu Jian-Yao Zhang Huan-Gang Lu Jian-Feng Lv Xue-Zhi Wu Wen Luo Xue-Qing Yan State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of HEDP of the Ministry of EducationCAPTPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China

In this study,we theoretically investigate the feasibility of using laser-wakefield accelerated(LWFA)electrons for the photonuclear measurement of nuclear isomers according to the characteristics of the electrons obtained from LWFA experiments conducted at the Compact Laser-Plasma Accelerator(CLAPA)*** experiments at the CLAPA show that a stable electron beam with an energy of 78-135 MeV and a charge of 300-600 pC can be *** bremsstrahlung spectra were simulated using Geant4,which suggests that a bremsstrahlung source with a peak intensity of 10^(19) photons/s can be *** calculations of isomer production cross sections from the photonuclear reactions on six target nuclei,^(197)Au,^(180)Hf,^(159)Tb,^(115)In,^(103)Rh,and ^(90)Zr,were performed and compared with the available experimental data in EXFOR,which suggest that further experiments are required for a series of photonuclear reaction ***-averaged cross sections and isomer ratios(IR)resulting from such bremsstrahlung sources are theoretically *** results suggest that IR measurements can be used to constrain nuclear components,such asγstrength function and optical model *** addition,the detection of the decay characteristics was evaluated with Geant4 *** use of the LWFA electron beam and its bremsstrahlung for photonuclear studies involving nuclear isomers is anticipated.

关键词： Photonuclear reactions Laser–plasma acceleration Flux-averaged isomer ratio

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Design of weak current measurement system and research on temperature impact

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 46-56页

作者： Chu-Xiang Zhao San-Gang Li Rong-Rong Su Li Yang Ming-Zhe Liu Qing-Yue Xue Shan Liao Zhi Zhou Qing-Shan Tan Xian-Guo Tuo Yi Cheng College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000China

A dedicated weak current measurement system was designed to measure the weak currents generated by the neutron ionization *** system incorporates a second-order low-pass filter circuit and the Kalman filtering algorithm to effectively filter out noise and minimize interference in the measurement *** conducted under normal temperature conditions has demonstrated the system's high precision ***,it was observed that temperature variations can affect the measurement *** were collected across temperatures ranging from -20 to 70℃,and a temperature correction model was established through linear regression fitting to address this *** feasibility of the temperature correction model was confirmed at temperatures of -5 and 40℃,where relative errors remained below 0.1% after applying the temperature *** research indicates that the designed measurement system exhibits excellent temperature adaptability and high precision,making it particularly suitable for measuring weak currents.

关键词： Weak current measurement system Neutron ionization chamber Kalman filter algorithm Temperature correction model

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Modulating charge separation and transfer for high-performance photoelectrodes via built-in electric field

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1126-1146页

作者： Houyan Cheng Peng Liu Yuntao Cui Ru Ya Yuxiang Hu Jinshu Wang Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China Faculty of Engineering and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology and Beijing Key Lab of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Inner Mongolia Academy of Science and Technology Hohhot 010020China

Constructing a built-in electric field has emerged as a key strategy for enhancing charge separation and transfer,thereby improving photoelectrochemical ***,considerable efforts have been devoted to this *** review systematically summarizes the impact of built-in electric fields on enhancing charge separation and transfer mechanisms,focusing on the modulation of built-in electric fields in terms of depth and ***,mechanisms and tuning strategies for built-in electric fields are ***,the state-of-the-art works regarding built-in electric fields for modulating charge separation and transfer are summarized and categorized according to surface and interface ***,current strategies for constructing bulk built-in electric fields in photoelectrodes are explored,and insights into future developments for enhancing charge separation and transfer in high-performance photoelectrochemical applications are provided.

关键词： photoelectrochemical water splitting bulk built-in electric field cation intercalation charge separation and transfer

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Bridging the Fabry–Perot cavity and asymmetric Berreman mode for long-wave infrared nonreciprocal thermal emitters

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science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 3285-3293页

作者： CHEN ZiHe YU ShiLv HU Run School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Applied Physics Kyung Hee UniversityGyeonggi-do 17104Republic of Korea

The long-wave infrared band(8–14μm)is essential for several applications,such as infrared detection,radiative cooling,and near-field heat ***,according to Kirchhoff’s law,the intrinsic balance between thermal absorption and emission limits the further improvement of photon energy conversion and thermal ***,breaking Kirchhoff’s balance and achieving nonreciprocal thermal radiation in the long-wave infrared band are *** existing designs for nonreciprocal thermal emitters rely on grating or photonic crystal structures to achieve nonreciprocal thermal radiation at narrow peaks,which are relatively complex and typically realize bands larger than 14μ***,a sandwich structure consisting of an epsilon-nearzero(ENZ)magneto-optical layer(MOL),a dielectric layer(DL),and a metal layer is proposed to achieve a strong nonreciprocal effect in the long-wave infrared band,which is mainly attributed to the strengthening of the asymmetric Berreman mode by the Fabry–Perot *** addition,the impact of the incident angle,DL thickness,and DL refractive index on the nonreciprocal thermal radiation has been ***,by replacing the ENZ MOL with the gradient ENZ MOL,the existence of the DL can further improve the nonreciprocity of the broadband nonreciprocal thermal *** proposed work promotes the development and application of nonreciprocal energy devices.

关键词： long-wave infrared band nonreciprocal thermal radiation sandwich structure Fabry–Perot cavity asymmetric berreman mode

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Investigation on the exploding foil initiators ignition enhanced by explosion-electricity coupling

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Defence technology（防务技术） 2024年第12期42卷 1-11页

作者： Songmao Zhao Haotian Jian Ke Wang Zheng Ning Peng Zhu Ruiqi Shen School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China Science and Technology on Applied Physical and Chemistry Laboratory Shanxi Applied Physics and Chemistry Research InstituteXi'an710061China Micro-Nano Energetic Devices Key Laboratory Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing210094China Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an710061China

Explosion-electricity coupling(EEC) is a technical method to induce electric energy into the plasma material produced by explosion to improve the output of *** foil initiator(EFI) which could produce plasma during electric explosion can serve as a good carrier for studying the *** investigate the enhancement ability and mechanism of EEC in EFI ignition performance,a kind of EFI chips which could realize the EEC effect was designed and fabricated to observe the characteristics of current and voltage,flyer and plasma temperature during Boron Potassium Nitrate(BPN) ignition of the *** was found that the EEC could enhance EFI ignition in terms of energy utilization,ignition contact surface,and high-temperature sustainability of plasma:firstly,the EEC prolonged the late time discharge(LTD) phase of the electric explosion,making the energy of capacitor effectively utilized;secondly,the EEC could create a larger area of ignition contact surface;last of all,the EEC effect enhanced its hightemperature sustainability by sustaining continuous energy input to *** also was found that the ignition voltage of BPN could be reduced by nearly 600 V under the condition of 0.4 μF *** research has successfully combined EEC with EFI,revealing the behavioral characteristics of EEC and demonstrating its effective enhancement of EFI *** introduces a new approach to improving EFI output,which is conducive to low-energy ignition of EFI,and expected to take the ignition technology of EFI to a new level.

关键词： Exploding foil initiator Explosion-electricity coupling Plasma Ignition mechanism Boron potassium nitrate

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Band structures of strained kagome lattices

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Chinese physics B 2024年第2期33卷 456-463页

作者：徐露婷杨帆 Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics School of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300354China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology Department of PhysicsTianjin UniversityTianjin 300354China

Materials with kagome lattices have attracted significant research attention due to their nontrivial features in energy *** theoretically investigate the evolution of electronic band structures of kagome lattices in response to uniaxial strain using both a tight-binding model and an antidot model based on a periodic muffin-tin *** is found that the Dirac points move with applied ***,the flat band of unstrained kagome lattices is found to develop into a highly anisotropic shape under a stretching strain along y direction,forming a partially flat band with a region dispersionless along ky direction while dispersive along kx *** results shed light on the possibility of engineering the electronic band structures of kagome materials by mechanical strain.

关键词： kagome lattice strain band structure engineering

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Research and Prediction on the Properties of Concrete at Cryogenic Temperature Based on Gray Theory

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials science) 2023年第5期38卷 1056-1064页

作者： ZHOU Dawei LIU Juanhong CHENG Linian WU Ruidong ZOU Min WANG Jiahao School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Research Institute of Urbanization and Urban Safety University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Space Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

To solve the cryogenic temperature problems faced by all-concrete liquefied natural gas(ACLNG)storage tanks during servicing,a low temperature resistant and high strength concrete(LHC)was designed from the perspectives of reducing water-binder ratio,removing coarse aggregates,optimizing composite mineral admixture and utilizing steel *** variation laws of compressive and tensile strength,elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio for C60 concrete and LHC were compared and analyzed under the temperatures from 10 to-165℃through uniaxial compression and tensile *** rapid freezing method was adopted to analyze the evolution process of mass and relative dynamic elastic modulus loss rates for C60 and LHC in 0-300 freeze-thaw *** gas permeability test was carried out,and the laws of gas permeability coefficient varied with temperature and cryogenic freeze-thaw cycles were ***,the grey dynamic model GM(1,1)was used to predict the variation laws of physical and mechanical parameters on the basis of the test *** test results demonstrate that the compressive strength,elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio for both C60 and LHC increase significantly from 10 to-165℃,but the specific variation laws are difierent,and there is a phenomenon that some parameters decrease after reaching a critical temperature range for *** uniaxial tensile strength increases first and then decreases as temperature decreases,and finally increases slightly at-165℃for both C60 and *** mass and relative dynamic elastic modulus loss rates of LHC are much lower than that of C60 under different freeze-thaw *** gas permeability coefficient of C60 declines gradually with the drop of temperature,and increases gradually with the number of freeze-thaw cycles while the gas permeability coefficient of LHC basically remains stable and is much lower than that of ***,such a conclusion can be drawn that LHC has better properties at cryogenic *** the premise o

关键词： concrete cryogenic temperature freeze-thaw cycles mechanical properties gas permeability coefficient grey theory

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Quantitative method to predict the energetics of helium-nanocavities interactions in metal systems based on electrophobic interaction

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 725-737页

作者： Fengping Luo Bowen Zhang Zhiying Gao Jia Huang Hong-Bo Zhou Guang-Hong Lu Fei Gao Yugang Wang Chenxu Wang State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA

Energetics of helium-nanocavities interactions are crucial for unveiling underlying mechanisms of nanocavity evolution in nuclear ***,it becomes intractable and even not feasible to obtain these energetics via atomic simulations with increasing nanocavity size and increasing helium content in ***,a universal scaling law of helium-induced interaction energies in nanocavities in metal systems is proposed based on electrophobic interaction of *** on this scaling law and ab-initio calculations,a predictive method for binding energies of helium and displacement defects to nanocavities of arbitrary sizes and with different helium/vacancy ratios is established for BCC iron as a representative and validated by atomic *** predictive method reveals that the critical helium/vacancy ratio for helium-enhanced vacancy binding to nanocavities in-creases with increasing nanocavity size,and the helium/vacancy ratio giving the highest stability of nanocavities is about *** Ostwald ripening of nanocavities is delayed by helium to higher temper-atures due to reduced vacancy de-trapping rates from *** proposed scaling law can be generalized to many metal systems studied in the nuclear materials *** readily coupled into mesoscale models of irradiation damages,this predictive method facilitates clarifying helium role in cavity swelling of metallic nuclear materials.

关键词： Nanocavities Helium Electrophobic interaction Predictive method

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