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Innovative design of cassegrain solar concentrator system for indoor illumination utilizing chromatic aberration to filter out ultraviolet and infrared in sunlight

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Solar Energy 2009年第8期83卷 1115-1122页

作者： Whang, Allen Jong-Woei Chen, Yi-Yung Wu, Bo-Yi Photonics System Simulation Design Laboratory Department of Electronic Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology 43 Sec.4 Keelung Rd Taipei 106 Taiwan

Many applications and related studies of solar energy have been focused on guiding sunlight into the indoors for illumination purposes. To achieve this objective, one of the approaches is the use of a high efficiency solar concentrator based on cassegrain construction with sun tracking system. However, exposure to UV in sunlight has been proved to be hazardous to humans, and the heat content of IR degrades illumination quality. In order to solve the two problems, we develop an innovative cassegrain solar concentrator system utilizing the theory of chromatic aberration by a chromatic lens to reduce UV and IR. A dispersion model to consider the impact between the chromatic lens and a guiding fiber is also proposed. As a result, the system can filter out UV completely and reduce IR by half. Further, the chromaticity coordinates of collected light for illumination is almost equal to sunlight, and the color difference is so small that the two appear equal to the human eye. © 2009.

关键词： Solar concentrators

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Design and optimization of dot pattern in illumination lightpipe of natural light guiding system

Design and optimization of dot pattern in illumination light...

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SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications

作者： Lee, Zong-Yi Chen, Yi-Yung Whang, Allen Jong-Woei Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electronic Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477194

In recent years, the practicality and importance of the illumination with sunlight are getting more seriously concern in public. The reason is that natural light is non-polluting, energy-saving, and healthy in comparison with traditional light sources. Therefore, our research focuses on how to replace the artificial sources by natural light. A Natural Light Guiding system has collecting, transmitting, and lighting parts. For replacing the traditional sources, the lighting part should have similar characteristic, such as intensity distribution and geometric parameters, to artificial sources. In this paper, we design, simulate, and optimize illumination lightpipe with dot pattern to redistribute the collecting sunlight from Natural Light Guiding system. The lightpipe includes input, system, and output parts. In the input part, we design a coupler to improve the coupling efficiency with natural light. For optimizing the efficiency of the coupler, we evaluate the relationship between the distance that is from the fiber to the lightpipe and the coupled power. In the system part, the sunlight is locked by total internal reflection, TIR, so we design dot pattern to scatter the locked sunlight for uniform lighting. In the output part, a uniform illumination is our goal. For designing the percentage of the surface will be covered by dot pattern, we offer a design theory and simulate the efficiency. © 2009 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.

关键词： Refractive index

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A beam splitter of natural light guiding system based on dichroic prism for ecological illumination

A beam splitter of natural light guiding system based on dic...

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SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications

作者： Li, Yu-Chi Chen, Yi-Yung Whang, Allen Jong-Woei Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electronic Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477194

In thremmatology, many researches focus on ecological illumination for improving the growing speed of animal or plant. According to the Trichromatic theory, any specific color can be made up of red, green, and blue light. Sunlight has full spectrum so it is the most applicable source. A Natural Light Guiding system includes collecting, transmitting, and lighting parts. In our research, we would like to design a beam splitter in the transmitting part to separate the sunlight into red, green, and blue light for ecological illumination. We use high pass and low pass dichroic coatings in a prism, called dichroic prism, to be the beam splitter to separate the wavelength. For measuring the spectra of the exit beams, we build a space with the Natural Light Guiding system. In the space, the spectra of sunlight outside and inside the space and the exit beams of the beam splitter are measured. Finally, we use prismatic structure to design the beam splitter, and optimize the surface of the element with aspheric surface and Fresnel surface to reduce the beam angle of exit light. © 2009 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.

关键词： Optical instruments

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An optical switch of natural light guiding system based on cubic structure with Fresnel surface

An optical switch of natural light guiding system based on c...

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SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications

作者： Chou, Kao-Hsu Chen, Yi-Yung Whang, Allen Jong-Woei Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electronic Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477187

Recently, many researches focus on illumination with sunlight for saving energy and healthy lighting. A Natural Light Guiding system has collecting, transmitting, and lighting parts. In most systems, the paths on transmitting part are fixed so the collected sunlight of the Natural Light Guiding system can not be free managed and is sometime wasted. In this paper, we design an optical switch to change the path of the collected sunlight on the transmitting sunlight. The switch is cubic structure that includes a 45 degree mirror for reflecting sunlight. According to the structure of the optical switch, we can rotate the switch to manage the path of the collected sunlight. When the path is parallel with the mirror, the sunlight will pass through the switch;and when the included angle between the path and mirror is 45 degree, we can change the path of light. For coupling the exit beam into lightpipe, we design the surfaces of cubic structure to be aspheric surface with Fresnel surface. Finally, we simulate the efficiency of the optical switch when the path is changed by the mirror. © 2009 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.

关键词： Lighting

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Design method of secondary optical element for LED applications

Design method of secondary optical element for LED applicati...

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SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications

作者： Chen, Yi-Yung Whang, Allen Jong-Woei Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electronic Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477187

Light Emitting Diode, LED, has many advantages in many lighting applications, such as general illumination, street light, and auto lamp. In general, each application needs to do secondary optical design for its specific request. A secondary optical element can be separated into refractive and reflective part. In this paper, we present a design procedure of secondary optical design with intensity distribution of LED and sequential ray tracing. The method suits the both designs of refractive and reflective parts. In the first process, we integrate the series function of intensity distribution in spherical coordinate with a range of solid angle. In the second process, we calculate the redistribution parameters of luminous flux by the geometric parameters of LED, element, and detector. In the final process, we use ray tracing method to design the optical element by aspheric surface. The surface of the refractive part in secondary optical element could be Fresnel surface for reducing the thickness of element. For proving the design procedure, we design a secondary optical element of LED by this method with an illumination request. © 2009 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.

关键词： Light emitting diodes

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An active lighting module with natural light guiding system and solid state source for indoor illumination

An active lighting module with natural light guiding system ...

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9th International Conference on Solid State Lighting

作者： Chen, Chi-An Chen, Yi-Yung Whang, Allen Jong-Woei Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electronic Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477125

Recently, many researches focus on healthy lighting with sunlight. A Natural Light Guiding system includes collecting, transmitting, and lighting parts. In general, the lighting module of the Natural Light Guiding system only uses scattering element, such as diffuser, to achieve uniform illumination. With the passive lighting module, the application of the Natural Light Guiding system is limited because sunlight is dynamic source. When the sunlight is weak at morning, at evening, or on cloudy day, the illumination system is fail. In this paper, we provide an active lighting module that includes the lighting part of Natural Light Guiding system, LED auxiliary sources, optical elements, and optical detector. We use optical simulation tool to design and simulate the efficiency of the active module. The optical element can redistribute the sunlight only, LED light only, or sunlight with LED light to achieve uniform illumination. With the feedback of the detector, the active lighting module will adjust the intensity of LED to provide a steady illumination. Moreover, the module could replace the backlight module of LCD TV when the house has Natural Light Guiding system for saving energy and higher performance of image. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Light emitting diodes

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Using prismatic structure and brightness enhancement film to design cascadable unit of static solar concentrator in natural light guiding system

Using prismatic structure and brightness enhancement film to...

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SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications

作者： Yang, Shu-Hua Chen, Yi-Yung Whang, Allen Jong-Woei Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electronic Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477132

Due to the energy crisis, the principle of green energy gains popularity. This leads the increasing interest in renewable energy such as solar energy. How to collect sunlight for indoor illumination is our ultimate target. A Natural Light Guiding system includes collecting, transmitting, and lighting parts. To date, most studies of collecting part have delicate in dynamic concentrators which include sun tracking systems. They are powered by small electric motors and require some type of control module to follow sun path, so it requires maintenance and adds a good bit of complexity to the system. The application area of dynamic concentrator is limited. In order to create a low cost, easily set up, and applied on large area structure, we design a unit of static concentrator to collect sunlight for indoor illumination which is prismatic and cascadable. The unit is made up of prismatic structure and can collect the nature light, sunlight, for indoor illumination. For offer more saving energy and more stable illumination, we consider the total collected energy in the whole day and the relationship between the efficiency of the static concentrator and time. We change the size of prism to be different and add the BEF structure to improve the unit. According to the simulation, the prismatic structure with different right-angle prism could advance the total collected energy and the BEF could advance the stabilization of efficiency in the whole day. © 2009 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.

关键词： Luminance

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An optical coupler of natural light guiding system based on stepped structure

An optical coupler of natural light guiding system based on ...

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SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications

作者： Pan, Po-Hsuan Chen, Yi-Yung Whang, Allen Jong-Woei Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electronic Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477132

For saving energy and healthy lighting, many researches focus on the sunlight illumination system. A Natural Light Guiding system can be separated into collecting, transmitting, and lighting parts. With a cascadable concentrator in the collecting part, the transmitting part will use large number of fibers. It means the most of cost is on the transmitting part. With an N to 1 coupler, the number of lightpipe can be reduced quickly. In general, the optical coupler is tapered structure. According to the Etendue principle, however, the product of beam angle and area is contact. The beam angle of coupled sunlight will increase that isn't easy coupled again and transmitted with long distance. The total energy of the exit beam from the N to 1 coupler should be bigger than the energy of one incident beam. In this paper, we use stepped structure to design an optical coupler for coupling N to 1. In the research, the Natural Light Guiding system with the optical coupler is simulated, and we evaluate the parameters of the stepped structure. Finally, we analyze the coupled efficiency of the coupler. © 2009 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.

关键词： Lighting

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Evolutionary Prisoner＇s Dilemma Game Based on Pursuing Higher Average Payoff

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第1期26卷 360-363页

作者：李玉金汪秉宏杨涵新凌翔陈小杰姜锐 Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 Shanghai Academy of System Science and University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 Faculty of Science Zhefiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 School of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 Intelligent Control Laboratory Center for Systems and Control Department of Mechanics and Space Technologies College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871

We investigate the prisoner＇s dilemma game based on a new rule： players will change their current strategies to opposite strategies with some probability if their neighbours＇ average payoffs are higher than theirs. Compared with the cases on regular lattices （RL） and Newman-Watts small world network （NW）, cooperation can be best enhanced on the scale-free Barabasi-Albert network （BA）. It is found that cooperators are dispersive on RL network, which is different from previously reported results that cooperators will form large clusters to resist the invasion of defectors. Cooperative behaviours on the BA network are discussed in detail. It is found that large-degree individuals have lower cooperation level and gain higher average payoffs than that of small-degree individuals. In addition, we find that small-degree individuals more frequently change strategies than do large- degree individuals.

关键词： PRISONER'S dilemma game BRIBERY MILITARY strategy LATTICE theory GAME theory MATHEMATICAL models

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Design and evaluation of natural light guiding system in ecological illumination of traffic tunnel

Design and evaluation of natural light guiding system in eco...

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SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications

作者： Chen, Cheng-Nan Chen, Yi-Yung Whang, Allen Jong-Woei Chen, Li-Hsien Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electro-Optical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan Photonics System Simulation and Design Laboratory Department of Electronic Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology #43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Civil Engineering Graduate Institute of Civil and Disaster Prevention Engineering National Taipei University of Technology #1 Sec. 3 Jhongsiao E. Rd. Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819477132

Ecological traffic tunnel means that the manner can deal with tunnel project environmental problem of surrounding area and it is most close to the green environment. In general, we always use artificial light sources, such as traditional light sources and LED, to be the light source of illumination in the traffic tunnel. However, the best light source for the health of the human body is the natural light. If we can guide the sunlight into the tunnel to be lighting source, it would have a great benefit to the health of the human body. In this paper, we use Natural Light Guiding system to provide ecological illumination in traffic tunnel. The system has collecting, transmitting, and lighting parts. In the collecting part, we utilize a static concentrator to collect sunlight which is made up of a prismatic and cascadable unit. In the transmitting part, the collected sunlight is guided by optical fiber or lightpipe efficiently. In the lighting part, we design a lighting module of road lamp for lighting the inside the tunnel. The lighting module redistributes light to conform the traffic regulation. Finally, we build a model of traffic tunnel in optical software with Natural Light Guiding system to simulate the performance. © 2009 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.

关键词： Light sources

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