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Rücktitelbild: ESAs Kometen-Mission Rosetta – Neu-Analyse der Daten des COSAC Massenspektrometers (Angew. Chem. 29/2022)

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第29期134卷

作者： Guillaume Leseigneur Dr. Jan Hendrik Bredehöft Dr. Thomas Gautier Dr. Chaitanya Giri Dr. Harald Krüger Prof. Dr. Alexandra J. MacDermott Prof. Dr. Uwe J. Meierhenrich Dr. Guillermo M. Muñoz Caro Prof. Dr. François Raulin Dr. Andrew Steele Dr. Harald Steininger Prof. Dr. Cyril Szopa Prof. Dr. Wolfram Thiemann Dr. Stephan Ulamec Dr. Fred Goesmann Université Côte d'Azur CNRS UMR 7272 Institut de Chimie de Nice 28 Avenue Valrose 06108 Nice Frankreich University of Bremen Department 02 Biology/Chemistry Institute for Applied and Physical Chemistry Leobener Str.5 28359 Bremen Deutschland Laboratoire Atmosphère Milieux Observations Spatiales (LATMOS) LATMOS/IPSL UVSQ Université Paris-Saclay Sorbonne Université CNRS 11 Bd d'Alembert 78280 Guyancourt Frankreich LESIA Observatoire de Paris Université PSL CNRS Sorbonne Université Université de Paris 5 place Jules Janssen 92195 Meudon Frankreich Research and Information System for Developing Countries India Habitat Centre Lodhi Road New Delhi 110 003 Indien Earth-Life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-IE-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Justus von Liebig Weg 3 37077 Göttingen Deutschland University of Houston-Clear Lake 2700 Bay Area Boulevard Houston TX 77058 USA Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA) Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4 Torrejón de Ardoz 28850 Madrid Spanien Univ Paris Est Créteil and Université de Paris CNRS LISA 94010 Créteil Frankreich Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution of Washington Washington DC USA Design Assurance Department OHB System AG Universitätsallee 27 28359 Bremen Deutschland University of Bremen Institute for Applied and Physical Chemistry Leobener Strasse NW2 28359 Bremen Deutschland German Aerospace Center (DLR) Space Operations and Astronaut Training Linder Höhe 51147 Köln Deutschland

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ESAs Kometen-Mission Rosetta – Neu-Analyse der Daten des COSAC Massenspektrometers

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第29期134卷

Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass das älteste weitgehend unveränderte Material aus der Frühphase des Sonnensystems in Form von Eis und Staub in Kometen vorliegt. Die ESA-Mission Rosetta trug daher mit Philae eine Landeeinheit, die die Zusammensetzung des Nukleus von Komet 67P/Churyumov-Gerassimenko in situ untersuchen sollte. Fünfundzwanzig Minuten nach dem ersten Bodenkontakt Philaes im November 2014 nahm das COSAC Flugzeit-Massenspektrometer ein Spektrum der Gasphase des Kometen auf. Eine erneute Analyse dieses Spektrums mittels non-negative least-squares Fitting und einer Monte-Carlo simulation ergibt neue Erkenntnisse über die chemische Zusammensetzung des Kometen 67P. Insgesamt 12 organische Moleküle, von denen 9 bereits in der ersten Analyse der Daten identifiziert wurden, zeigen eine hohe statistische Wahrscheinlichkeit für eine Präsenz im Eis des Kometen. Diese flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen mit zum Teil hoher Konzentration stellen die ersten molekularen Ingredienzien des frühen Sonnensystems dar.

关键词： Analytische Methoden Kometen Massenspektrometrie Philae Rosetta

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Dynamical Accretion Flows - ALMAGAL: Flows along filamentary structures in high-mass star-forming clusters

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wells, M.R.A. Beuther, H. Molinari, S. Schilke, P. Battersby, C. Ho, P. Sánchez-Monge, Á. Jones, B. Scheuck, M.B. Syed, J. Gieser, C. Kuiper, R. Elia, D. Coletta, A. Traficante, A. Wallace, J. Rigby, A.J. Klessen, R.S. Zhang, Q. Walch, S. Beltrán, M.T. Tang, Y. Fuller, G.A. Lis, D.C. Möller, T. van der Tak, F. Klaassen, P.D. Clarke, S.D. Moscadelli, L. Mininni, C. Zinnecker, H. Maruccia, Y. Pezzuto, S. Benedettini, M. Soler, J.D. Brogan, C.L. Avison, A. Sanhueza, P. Schisano, E. Liu, T. Fontani, F. Rygl, K.L.J. Wyrowski, F. Bally, J. Walker, D.L. Ahmadi, A. Koch, P. Merello, M. Law, C.Y. Testi, L. Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziale via Fosso del Cavaliere 100 Roma00133 Italy I. Physikalisches Institut Universität zu Köln Zülpicher Str. 77 Köln50937 Germany University of Connecticut Department of Physics 2152 Hillside Road Unit 3046 StorrsCT06269 United States Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica Taipei10617 Taiwan East Asian Observatory 660 N. A'ohoku Hilo Hawaii HI96720 United States Can Magrans s/n Bellaterra Barcelona08193 Spain Barcelona Spain Universität Heidelberg Zentrum für Astronomie Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik Heidelberg Germany Universität Heidelberg Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wis-senschaftliches Rechnen Heidelberg Germany Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 160 Garden St CambridgeMA02420 United States Center for Data and Simulation Science University of Cologne Germany INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi 5 Firenze50125 Italy Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics UK ALMA Regional Centre Node School of Physics & Astronomy University of Manchester M13 9PL United Kingdom Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91109 United States SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Landleven 12 Groningen9747 AD Netherlands Kapteyn Astronomical Intsitute University of Groningen Netherlands UK Astronomy Technology Centre Royal Observatory Edinburgh Blackford Hill EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom 520 Edgemont Rd CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States UK ALMA Regional Centre Node M13 9PL United Kingdom SKA Observatory Jodrell Bank Lower Withington MacclesfieldSK11 9FT United Kingdom National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences 2-21-1 Osawa Tokyo Mitaka181-8588 Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Tokyo Mitaka181-8588 Japan Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Roma La Sapienza Piazzale

Context. Investigation of the flow of material along filamentary structures towards the central core can help provide insight into high-mass star formation and evolution. Aims. Our main motivation is to answer the question: what are the properties of accretion flows in star-forming clusters? We use data from the ALMA Evolutionary Study of High Mass Protocluster Formation in the Galaxy (ALMAGAL) survey to study 100 ALMAGAL regions at ∼ 1′′ resolution located between ∼ 2 and 6 kpc distance. Methods. Making use of the ALMAGAL ∼ 1.3mm line and continuum data we estimate flow rates onto individual cores. We focus specifically on flow rates along filamentary structures associated with these cores. Our primary analysis is centered around position velocity cuts in H2CO (30,3 - 20,2) which allow us to measure the velocity fields, surrounding these cores. Combining this work with column density estimates we derive the flow rates along the extended filamentary structures associated with cores in these regions. Results. We select a sample of 100 ALMAGAL regions covering four evolutionary stages from quiescent to protostellar, Young Stellar Objects (YSOs), and Hii regions (25 each). Using dendrogram and line analysis, we identify a final sample of 182 cores in 87 regions. In this paper, we present 728 flow rates for our sample (4 per core), analysed in the context of evolutionary stage, distance from the core, and core mass. On average, for the whole sample, we derive flow rates on the order of ∼10−4 M☉yr−1 with estimated uncertainties of ±50%. We see increasing differences in the values among evolutionary stages, most notably between the less evolved (quiescent/protostellar) and more evolved (YSO/Hii region) sources and we also see an increasing trend as we move further away from the centre of these cores. We also find a clear relationship between the calculated flow rates and core masses ∼M2/3 which is in line with the result expected from the tidal-lobe accretion mechanism. T

关键词： Giant stars

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Candidate gravitational microlensing events for future direct lens imaging

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Astrophysical Journal 2014年第1期794卷

作者： Henderson, C.B. Park, H. Sumi, T. Udalski, A. Gould, A. Tsapras, Y. Han, C. Gaudi, B.S. Bozza, V. Abe, F. Bennett, D.P. Bond, I.A. Botzler, C.S. Freeman, M. Fukui, A. Fukunaga, D. Itow, Y. Koshimoto, N. Ling, C.H. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Muraki, Y. Namba, S. Ohnishi, K. Rattenbury, N.J. Saito, To Sullivan, D.J. Suzuki, D. Sweatman, W.L. Tristram, P.J. Tsurumi, N. Wada, K. Yamai, N. Yock, P.C.M. Yonehara, A. Szymański, M.K. Kubiak, M. Pietrzyński, G. Soszyński, I. Skowron, J. Kozłowski, S. Poleski, R. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, Ł Pietrukowicz, P. Almeida, L.A. Bos, M. Choi, J.-Y. Christie, G.W. Depoy, D.L. Dong, S. Friedmann, M. Hwang, K.-H. Jablonski, F. Jung, Y.K. Kaspi, S. Lee, C.-U. Maoz, D. McCormick, J. Moorhouse, D. Natusch, T. Ngan, H. Pogge, R.W. Shin, I.-G. Shvartzvald, Y. Tan, T.-G. Thornley, G. Yee, J.C. Allan, A. Bramich, D.M. Browne, P. Dominik, M. Horne, K. Hundertmark, M. Jaimes, R. Figuera Kains, N. Snodgrass, C. Steele, I.A. Street, R.A. Department of Astronomy Ohio State University 140 West 18th Avenue Columbus 43210 OH United States Department of Physics Institute for Astrophysics Chungbuk National University Cheongju 371-763 South Korea Department of Earth and Space Science Osaka University Osaka 560-0043 Japan Warsaw University Observatory Al. Ujazdowskie 4 Warszawa 00-478 Poland Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network 6740 Cortona Drive Goleta 93117 CA United States School of Mathematical Sciences Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Salerno Fisciano (SA) I-84084 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Napoli Napoli I-80126 Italy Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan Department of Physics University of Notre Dame 225 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame 46556-5670 IN United States Institute of Information and Mathematical Sciences Massey University North Shore Mail Centre Private Bag 102-904 Auckland 0745 New Zealand Department of Physics University of Auckland Private Bag 92-019 Auckland 1001 New Zealand School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Victoria University Wellington 6140 New Zealand Okayama Astrophysical Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Asakuchi Okayama 719-0232 Japan Nagano National College of Technology Nagano 381-8550 Japan Tokyo Metropolitan College of Aeronautics Tokyo 116-8523 Japan Mt. John University Observatory P.O. Box 56 Lake Tekapo 8770 New Zealand Department of Physics Faculty of Science Kyoto Sangyo University Kyoto 603-8555 Japan Departamento de Astronomia Universidad de Concepción Casilla Concepción 160-C Chile Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HA United Kingdom Instituto de Astronomia Geofísica e Ciêcias Atmosféricas-IAG/USP Rua Do Matão Cidade Universitária São Paulo 1226 SP Brazil Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espa

The mass of the lenses giving rise to Galactic microlensing events can be constrained by measuring the relative lens-source proper motion and lens flux. The flux of the lens can be separated from that of the source, companions to the source, and unrelated nearby stars with high-resolution images taken when the lens and source are spatially resolved. For typical ground-based adaptive optics (AO) or space-based observations, this requires either inordinately long time baselines or high relative proper motions. We provide a list of microlensing events toward the Galactic bulge with high relative lens-source proper motion that are therefore good candidates for constraining the lens mass with future high-resolution imaging. We investigate all events from 2004 to 2013 that display detectable finite-source effects, a feature that allows us to measure the proper motion. In total, we present 20 events with μ ≳ 8 mas yr^-1. Of these, 14 were culled from previous analyses while 6 are new, including OGLE-2004-BLG-368, MOA-2005-BLG-36, OGLE-2012-BLG-0211, OGLE-2012-BLG-0456, MOA-2012-BLG-532, and MOA-2013-BLG-029. In ≲12 yr from the time of each event the lens and source of each event will be sufficiently separated for ground-based telescopes with AO systems or space telescopes to resolve each component and further characterize the lens system. Furthermore, for the most recent events, comparison of the lens flux estimates from images taken immediately to those estimated from images taken when the lens and source are resolved can be used to empirically check the robustness of the single-epoch method currently being used to estimate lens masses for many events. © 2014. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved..

关键词： binaries: generalgravitational lensing: micro

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Atomium: The astounding complexity of the near circumstellar environment of the M-type AGB star R Hydrae I. Morpho-kinematical interpretation of CO and SiO emission

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Homan, Ward Pimpanuwat, Bannawit Herpin, Fabrice Danilovich, Taissa McDonald, Iain Wallström, Sofia H.J. Richards, Anita M.S. Baudry, Alain Sahai, Raghvendra Millar, Tom J. de Koter, Alex Gottlieb, C.A. Kervella, Pierre Montargès, Miguel de Sande, Marie Van Decin, Leen Zijlstra, Albert Etoka, Sandra Jeste, Manali Müller, Holger S.P. Maes, Silke Malfait, Jolien Menten, Karl Plane, John Lee, Kelvin Waters, Rens Wong, Ka Tat Lagadec, Eric Gobrecht, David Yates, Jeremy Price, Daniel Cannon, Emily Bolte, Jan de Ceuster, Frederik Nuth, Joe Sindel, Jan Philip Kee, Dylan Gray, Malcolm D. Mellah, Ileyk El BrusselsCP 226 – 1060 Belgium Institute of Astronomy KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D B2401 Leuven3001 Belgium JBCA Department Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Observatoire de Paris PSL CNRS UPMC Univ. Paris-Diderot France Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 PO Box 94249 Amsterdam1090 GE Netherlands Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie auf dem Hügel 69 Bonn53121 Germany Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91109 United States Radio and Geoastronomy Division Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics CambridgeMA United States Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Bordeaux Université de Bordeaux CNRS B18N Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire Pessac33615 France Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique 300 rue de la Piscine Saint Martin d’Hères38406 France Astrophysics Research Centre School of Mathematics and Physics Queen’s University Belfast University Road BelfastBT7 1NN United Kingdom Laboratoire Lagrange Université Côte d’Azur Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur CNRS CS 34229 Boulevard de l’Observatoire Nice Cedex 4F-06304 France Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia Solar System Exploration Division Code 690 NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Center for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics Celestijnenlaan 200B Leuven3001 Belgium I. Physikalisches Institut Universität zu Köln Zülpicher Str. 77 Köln50937 Germany National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand 260 Moo 4 T. Donkaew A. MaerimChiangmai50180 Thailand School of Physics and Astronomy University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews FifeKY16 9SS United Kingdom Sc

Evolved low- to intermediate-mass stars are known to shed their gaseous envelope into a large, dusty, molecule-rich circumstellar nebula which typically develops a high degree of structural complexity. Most of the large-scale, spatially correlated structures in the nebula are thought to originate from the interaction of the stellar wind with a companion. As part of the Atomium large programme, we observed the M-type asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star R Hydrae with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The morphology of the inner wind of R Hya, which has a known companion at ∼3500 au, was determined from maps of CO and SiO obtained at high angular resolution. A map of the CO emission reveals a multi-layered structure consisting of a large elliptical feature at an angular scale of ∼10" that is oriented along the north–south axis. The wind morphology within the elliptical feature is dominated by two hollow bubbles. The bubbles are on opposite sides of the AGB star and lie along an axis with a position angle of ∼115◦. Both bubbles are offset from the central star, and their appearance in the SiO channel maps indicates that they might be shock waves travelling through the AGB wind. An estimate of the dynamical age of the bubbles yields an age of the order of 100 yr, which is in agreement with the previously proposed elapsed time since the star last underwent a thermal pulse. When the CO and SiO emission is examined on subarcsecond angular scales, there is evidence for an inclined, differentially rotating equatorial density enhancement, strongly suggesting the presence of a second nearby companion. The position angle of the major axis of this disc is ∼70◦ in the plane of the sky. We tentatively estimate that a lower limit on the mass of the nearby companion is ∼0.65 M on the basis of the highest measured speeds in the disc and the location of its inner rim at ∼6 au from the AGB star. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Stars

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The Marine Biodiversity Observation Network Plankton Workshops: Plankton Ecosystem Function, Biodiversity, and Forecasting—Research Requirements and Applications

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Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 2022年第1期31卷

作者： Maria Grigoratou Enrique Montes Anthony J. Richardson Jason D. Everett Esteban Acevedo-Trejos Clarissa Anderson Bingzhang Chen Tamar Guy-Haim Jana Hinners Christian Lindemann Tatiane Martins Garcia Klas O. Möller Fanny M. Monteiro Aimee R. Neeley Todd D. O'Brien Artur P. Palacz Alex J. Poulton A. E. Friederike Prowe Áurea E. Rodríguez-Santiago Cécile S. Rousseaux Jeffrey Runge Juan F. Saad Ioulia Santi Rowena Stern Alice Soccodato Selina Våge Meike Vogt Soultana Zervoudaki Frank E. Muller-Karger Gulf of Maine Research Institute Portland ME USA Ocean Chemistry & Ecosystems Division Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami FL USA School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Queensland Biosciences Precinct St. Lucia QLD Australia Centre for Marine Science and Innovation School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Earth Surface Process Modelling German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) Potsdam Germany Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla CA USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China National Institute of Oceanography Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research Haifa Israel Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Geesthacht Germany Department of Biological Sciences University of Bergen Bergen Norway Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR) Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) Fortaleza Brazil Department Biological Carbon Pump Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Carbon Cycles Geesthacht Germany Bristol Research Initiative for the Dynamic Global Environment (BRIDGE) School of Geographical Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/Science Systems and Applications Inc Greenbelt MD USA NOAA Fisheries Silver Spring MD USA International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences Sopot Poland Lyell Centre for Earth and Marine Science Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh UK GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel Germany Caribbean Coastal Ocean Observing System (CARICOOS) University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez Mayagüez PR USA Taller Ecológico de Puerto Rico Boquerón P

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Radiative Cooling of the Thermally Isolated system in KAGRA Gravitational Wave Telescope

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1857卷

作者： T. Akutsu M. Ando K. Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya N. Aritomi Y. Aso S.-W. Bae Y.-B. Bae L. Baiotti R. Bajpai M. A. Barton K. Cannon E. Capocasa M.-L. Chan C.-S. Chen K.-H. Chen Y.-R. Chen H.-Y. Chu Y.-K. Chu S. Eguchi Y. Enomoto R. Flaminio Y. Fujii M. Fukunaga M. Fukushima G.-G. Ge A. Hagiwara S. Haino K. Hasegawa H. Hayakawa K. Hayama Y. Himemoto Y. Hiranuma N. Hirata E. Hirose Z. Hong B.-H. Hsieh G.-Z. Huang P.-W. Huang Y.-J. Huang B. Ikenoue S. Imam K. Inayoshi Y. Inoue K. Ioka Y. Itoh K. Izumi K. Jung P. Jung T. Kajita M. Kamiizumi N. Kanda G.-W. Kang K. Kawaguchi N. Kawai T. Kawasaki C. Kim J. Kim W. Kim Y.-M. Kim N. Kimura N. Kita H. Kitazawa Y. Kojima K. Kokeyama K. Komori A. K. H. Kong K. Kotake C. Kozakai R. Kozu R. Kumar J. Kume C.-M. Kuo H.-S. Kuo S. Kuroyanagi K. Kusayanagi K. Kwak H.-K. Lee H.-W. Lee R.-K. Lee M. Leonardi C.-Y. Lin F.-L. Lin L. C.-C. Lin G.-C. Liu L.-W. Luo M. Marchio Y. Michimura N. Mio O. Miyakawa A. Miyamoto Y. Miyazaki K. Miyo S. Miyoki S. Morisaki Y. Moriwaki K. Nagano S. Nagano K. Nakamura H. Nakano M. Nakano R. Nakashima T. Narikawa R. Negishi W.-T. Ni A. Nishizawa Y. Obuchi W. Ogaki J. J. Oh S.-H. Oh M. Ohashi N. Ohishi M. Ohkawa K. Okutomi K. Oohara C.-P. Ooi S. Oshino K.-C. Pan H.-F. Pang J. Park F. E. Peiia Arellano I. Pinto N. Sago S. Saito Y. Saito K. Sakai Y. Sakai Y. Sakuno S. Sato T. Sato T. Sawada T. Sekiguchi Y. Sekiguchi S. Shibagaki R. Shimizu T. Shimoda K. Shimode H. Shinkai T. Shishido A. Shoda K. Somiya E. J. Son H. Sotani R. Sugimoto T. Suzuki H. Tagoshi H. Takahashi R. Takahashi A. Takamori S. Takano H. Takeda M. Takeda H. Tanaka K. Tanaka T. Tanaka S. Tanioka E. N. Tapia San Martin S. Telada T. Tomaru Y. Tomigami T. Tomura F. Travasso L. Trozzo T. T. L. Tsang K. Tsubono S. Tsuchida T. Tsuzuki D. Tuyenbayev N. Uchikata T. Uchiyama A. Ueda T. Uehara K. Ueno G. Ueshima F. Uraguchi T. Ushiba M. H. P. M. van Putten H. Vocca J. Wang C.-M. Wu H.-C. Wu S.-R. Wu W.-R. Xu T. Yamada K. Yamamoto T. Yamamoto K. Yokogawa J. Yokoyama T. Yokozawa T. Yoshioka H. Yuzurihar National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka-City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU) The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR) The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Kashiwa-City Chiba 277-8582Japan Accelerator Laboratory High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 1-1 OhoTsukuba-City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo 1-1-1Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0032Japan Kamioka Branch National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida-City Gifu Pref. Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka-City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) 245 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 South Korea National Institute for Mathematical Sciences 70 Yuseong-daero 1689 beon-gil Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34047 South Korea Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka-City Osaka560-0043 Japan School of High Energy Accelerator Science The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) 1-1 Oho Tsukuba-City Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Institute for Gravitational Research University of Glasgow Kelvin Building G12 8QQ UK Department of Applied Physics Fukuoka University Fukuoka Jonan Nanakuma 814-0180 Japan Department of Physics Tamkang university No.151 Yingzhuan Rd. Danshui Dist. New Taipei-City 25137 Taiwan Department of Physics the Center for High Energy and High Field Physics National Central University No. 300 Zhongda Road Zhongyi District Taiyuan-City 320 Taiwan Institute of Astronomy National Tsing Hua University No. 101 Section 2 Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University No. 101 Section 2

Radiative cooling of the thermally isolated system is investigated in KAGRA gravitational wave telescope. KAGRA is a laser interferometer-based detector and main mirrors constituting optical cavities are cool down to 20K to reduce noises caused by the thermal fluctuation. The mirror is suspended with the multi-stage pendulum to isolate any vibration. Therefore, this mirror suspension system has few heat links to reduce vibration injection. Thus, this system is mainly cooled down with thermal radiation. In order to understand the process of radiative cooling of the mirror, we analyzed cooling curve based on mass and specific heat. As a result, it was newly found that a cryogenic part called 'cryogenic duct-shield' seems to have large contribution in the beginning of the mirror cooling. This finding will help to design new cooling system for the next generation cryogenic gravitational wave detector.

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Author Correction: Why rankings of biomedical image analysis competitions should be interpreted with care

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Nature communications 2019年第1期10卷 588页

作者： Lena Maier-Hein Matthias Eisenmann Annika Reinke Sinan Onogur Marko Stankovic Patrick Scholz Tal Arbel Hrvoje Bogunovic Andrew P Bradley Aaron Carass Carolin Feldmann Alejandro F Frangi Peter M Full Bram van Ginneken Allan Hanbury Katrin Honauer Michal Kozubek Bennett A Landman Keno März Oskar Maier Klaus Maier-Hein Bjoern H Menze Henning Müller Peter F Neher Wiro Niessen Nasir Rajpoot Gregory C Sharp Korsuk Sirinukunwattana Stefanie Speidel Christian Stock Danail Stoyanov Abdel Aziz Taha Fons van der Sommen Ching-Wei Wang Marc-André Weber Guoyan Zheng Pierre Jannin Annette Kopp-Schneider Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions (CAMI) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) 69120 Heidelberg Germany. l.maier-hein@dkfz.de. Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions (CAMI) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) 69120 Heidelberg Germany. Centre for Intelligent Machines McGill University Montreal QC H3A0G4 Canada. Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis Department of Ophthalmology Medical University Vienna 1090 Vienna Austria. Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA. CISTIB - Center for Computational Imaging & Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine The University of Leeds Leeds Yorkshire LS2 9JT UK. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Medical Image Analysis Radboud University Center 6525 GA Nijmegen The Netherlands. Institute of Information Systems Engineering TU Wien 1040 Vienna Austria. Complexity Science Hub Vienna 1080 Vienna Austria. Heidelberg Collaboratory for Image Processing (HCI Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany. Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis Masaryk University 60200 Brno Czech Republic. Electrical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235-1679 USA. Institute of Medical Informatics Universität zu Lübeck 23562 Lübeck Germany. Division of Medical Image Computing (MIC) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) 69120 Heidelberg Germany. Institute for Advanced Studies Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich 80333 Munich Germany. Information System Institute HES-SO Sierre 3960 Switzerland. Departments of Radiology Nuclear Medicine and Medical Informatics Erasmus MC 3015 GD Rotterdam The Netherlands. Department of Computer Science University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK. Department of Radiation Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA

In the original version of this Article the values in the rightmost column of Table 1 were inadvertently shifted relative to the other columns. This has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

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Publisher Correction: Firn on ice sheets

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Nature Reviews Earth & Environment 2024年 330页

作者： Charles Amory Christo Buizert Sammie Buzzard Elizabeth Case Nicole Clerx Riley Culberg Rajashree Tri Datta Devon Dunmire Jan T. M. Lenaerts Megan Thompson-Munson Nander Wever Rahul Dey Reinhard Drews Falk M. Oraschewski Clare Eayrs Nicolaj Hansen Sebastian B. Simonsen Angelika Humbert Athul Kaitheri Kaitlin Keegan Ian McDowell Peter Kuipers Munneke Stef Lhermitte Sophie de Roda Husman Bert Wouters Doug Mair Jessica Mejia Colin R. Meyer Elizabeth Morris Dorothea Moser Elizabeth R. Thomas Emma Pearce Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel Timm Schultz C. Max Stevens Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement University Grenoble Alpes CNRS Grenoble France College of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Columbia University NY USA Department of Geosciences Université de Fribourg Fribourg Switzerland Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY USA Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF Davos Switzerland National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) Ministry of Earth Sciences Vasco da Gama Goa India Department of Geosciences University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany Center for Global Sea Level Change New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi UAE Department of Glacial Environment Research Korea Polar Research Institute Incheon Republic of Korea Geodesy and Earth Observation DTU Space Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark Danish Meteorological Institute Copenhagen Denmark Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven Germany Faculty of Geosciences University of Bremen Bremen Germany Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur Université Côte d’Azur CNRS Valbonne France Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering University of Nevada Reno USA Graduate Program of Hydrologic Sciences University of Nevada Reno NV USA Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (IMAU) Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing Delft University of Technology (TUDel

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Erratum: Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia

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Nature Geoscience 2013年第6期6卷 503页

作者： Moinuddin Ahmed Kevin J. Anchukaitis Brendan M. Buckley Edward R. Cook Jason E. Smerdon Asfawossen Asrat Mohammed Umer Hemant P. Borgaonkar Martina Braida Barbara Stenni Ulf Büntgen Raphael Neukom Brian M. Chase Duncan A. Christie Antonio Lara Mark A. J. Curran Andrew D. Moy Tas van Ommen Henry F. Diaz Jan Esper Ze-Xin Fan Narayan P. Gaire Quansheng Ge Xuemei Shao Joëlle Gergis J Fidel González-Rouco Hugues Goosse Stefan W. Grab David J. Nash Nicholas Graham Rochelle Graham Martin Grosjean Heinz Wanner Sami T. Hanhijärvi Atte A. Korhola Darrell S. Kaufman Nicholas P. McKay Thorsten Kiefer Lucien von Gunten Katsuhiko Kimura Paul J. Krusic Anne-Marie Lézine Fredrik C. Ljungqvist Andrew M. Lorrey Jürg Luterbacher Johannes P. Werner Valérie Masson-Delmotte Danny McCarroll Maria R. Prieto Joseph R. McConnell Michael Sigl Mariano S. Morales Ignacio A. Mundo Ricardo Villalba Robert Mulvaney Takeshi Nakatsuka Masaki Sano Sharon E. Nicholson Hans Oerter Jonathan G. Palmer Steven J. Phipps Chris S.M. Turney Andres Rivera Mirko Severi Timothy M. Shanahan Feng Shi Olga N. Solomina Eric J. Steig Meloth Thamban Valerie Trouet Dirk Verschuren Andre E. Viau Bo M. Vinther Sebastian Wagner Eduardo Zorita Eugene R. Wahl James W.C. White Koh Yasue Department of Botany Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology Karachi 75300 Pakistan Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia University Palisades 10964 New York USA Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole 2543 Massachusetts USA School of Earth Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune 411008 India Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze University of Trieste 34128 Italy Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf 8903 Switzerland Département Paléoenvironnements et Paléoclimats (PAL) Université Montpellier Montpellier 34095 France Department of Archaeology History Cultural Studies and Religion University of Bergen Bergen 5020 Norway Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global Universidad Austral de Chile Casilla 567 Valdivia Chile Center for Climate and Resilience Research Universidad de Chile Casilla 2777 Santiago Chile Australian Antarctic Division Kingston 7050 Tasmania Australia Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre University of Tasmania Sandy Bay 7005 Tasmania Australia Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Boulder 80305 Colorado USA Department of Geography Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 55099 Germany Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan 666303 China Faculty of Science Nepal Academy of Science and Technology Khumaltar GPO Box 3323 Lalitpur Nepal Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China School of Earth Sciences University of Melbourne Melbourne 3010 Victoria Australia Departamento Astrofísica y CC de la Atmósfera Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain Lemaitre Center for Earth and Climate Research Earth and Life Institute Université catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve 1348 Belgium School of Geography Archaeolog

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