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47th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics, EPS 2021

作者： Zhu, Yiren Li, Zeyu Chan, V.S. Chen, Jia-Le Jian, Xiang Dudson, B.D. Garofalo, A.M. Snyder, P.B. Xu, Xue-Qiao Zhuang, G. Southwestern Institute of Physics P.O. Box 432 Chengdu610041 China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of Physics and Fusion Simulation Center Peking University Beijing100871 China Oak Ridge Associated University Oak RidgeTN37831 United States General Atomics San DiegoCA92816 United States School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei230031 China York Plasma Institute University of York Heslington YorkYO10 5DD United Kingdom Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States

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Near-real-time global gridded daily CO2 emissions 2021

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Dou, Xinyu Hong, Jinpyo Ciais, Philippe Chevallier, Frédéric Yan, Feifan Yu, Ying Hu, Yifan Huo, Da Sun, Yun Wang, Yilong Davis, Steven J. Crippa, Monica Janssens-Maenhout, Greet Guizzardi, Diego Solazzo, Efisio Lin, Xiaojuan Song, Xuanren Zhu, Biqing Cui, Duo Ke, Piyu Wang, Hengqi Zhou, Wenwen Huang, Xia Deng, Zhu Liu, Zhu Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement LSCE/IPSL CEA-CNRS-UVSQ UniversitéParis-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette France Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao266100 China Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill United States Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management Northeast Forestry University Harbin150040 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Department of Earth System Science University of California IrvineCA United States Ispra Italy Product and Solution & Website Business Unit Alibaba Cloud Hangzhou311121 China

We present a near-real-time global gridded daily CO2 emissions dataset (GRACED) throughout 2021. GRACED provides gridded CO2 emissions at a 0.1°×0.1°spatial resolution and 1-day temporal resolution from cement production and fossil fuel combustion over seven sectors, including industry, power, residential consumption, ground transportation, international aviation, domestic aviation, and international shipping. GRACED is prepared from a near-real-time daily national CO2 emissions estimates (Carbon Monitor), multi-source spatial activity data emissions and satellite NO2 data for time variations of those spatial activity data. GRACED provides the most timely overview of emissions distribution changes, which enables more accurate and timely identification of when and where fossil CO2 emissions have rebounded and decreased. Uncertainty analysis of GRACED gives a grid-level two-sigma uncertainty of value of ±19.9% in 2021, indicating the reliability of GRACED was not sacrificed for the sake of higher spatiotemporal resolution that GRACED provides. Continuing to update GRACED in a timely manner could help policymakers monitor energy and climate policies’ effectiveness and make adjustments quickly. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Uncertainty analysis

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Controlling outsourced emissions matters for decarbonizing China's urban wastewater sector at all life-cycle stages

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Cell Reports Sustainability 2025年第4期2卷

作者： Zhang, Linmei Liu, Beibei Chen, Bin Chen, Shaoqing School of Economics and Management Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China Zhejiang Academy of Eco-Civilization Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China The Johns Hopkins University-Nanjing University Center for Chinese and American Studies Nanjing 210093 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University) Guangzhou 510275 China Institute of Carbon Neutrality and Green Development (Sun Yat-sen University) Guangzhou 510275 China

The climatic impact of the wastewater sector is significant given greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the whole supply chain. However, there has been a lack of investigation into trade-related leakage and the drivers of GHG emissions associated with wastewater treatment. Here, we develop a system-based modeling framework to track the outsourcing of emissions across regions, quantifying key socioeconomic drivers across the life-cycle stages of wastewater treatment in China, covering over 6,000 treatment plants nationwide. We find that outsourced emissions constitute over 41% of the total carbon footprint of China's wastewater sector. Over 90% of wastewater-related embodied GHG emissions traced back to production in northern, northwestern, and northeastern China. Variations in carbon intensity, production structure, and final demand structure can play an important role in emission reduction amid construction, treatment, and reuse stages. Our findings highlight the importance of coordinating supply-chain emission mitigation among regions for a deep decarbonization of the wastewater sector. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： carbon footprint Chinese regions outsourcing of emissions socioeconomic drivers urban wastewater sector

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Effects of ultrasonic treatment on dithiothreitol(DTT) assay measurements for carbon materials

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2019年第10期31卷 51-58页

作者： Haotian Jiang Yun Xie Yanli Ge Hong He Yongchun Liu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center forEco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021China

The dithiothreitol(DTT)assay is the most commonly used method to quantify the oxidative potential of fine ***,the reported DTT decay rates of carbon black(CB)materials vary greatly among different *** might have resulted from either the intrinsic toxicity of CB or the unsuitability of the DTT assay protocol for CB *** the current study,the protocol of the DTT assay for CB materials has been carefully *** was found that the dispersion degree of CB particles in water has a great influence on the DTT decay rate of CB *** CB particles(special black 4A(SB4A)and Printex U)and single-walled carbon nanotube tube(SWCNT),the DTT decay rate after sonication for 10 min became 4.2,4.6 and 1.7 times higher than that without *** rate continued to grow as a function of ultrasound time up to 30 min of *** the concentration of soluble transition metals and surface oxygen-containing species such as carbonyls increased slightly with sonication,they had no significant effects on the measured DTT activity,while the increase in the dispersion degree of aggregates was found to play a vital role in the observed enhancement of the DTT decay rates for different CB *** on our results,30 min of sonication is recommended for sample dispersion when measuring the DTT decay rate of CB materials.

关键词： Sonication Dispersion Dithiothreitol(DTT) assay Carbon nanomaterials

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Hadoop perfect file: A fast access container for small files with direct in disc metadata access

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Tchaye-Kondi, Jude Zhai, Yanlong Lin, Kwei-Jay Zhu, Liehuang Tao, Wenjun Yang, Kai School of Computer Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Science and Technology on Special System Simulation Laboratory Beijing Simulation Center Beijing China

Storing and processing massive small files is one of the major challenges for the Hadoop Distributed File system (HDFS). In order to provide fast data access, the NameNode (NN) in HDFS maintains the metadata of all files in its main-memory. Hadoop performs well with a small number of large files that require relatively little metadata in the NN’s memory. But for a large number of small files, Hadoop has problems such as NN memory overload caused by the huge metadata size of these small files. We present a new type of archive file, Hadoop Perfect File (HPF), to solve HDFS’s small files problem by merging small files into a large file on HDFS. Existing archive files offer limited functionality and have poor performance when accessing a file in the merged file due to the fact that during metadata lookup it is necessary to read and process the entire index file(s). In contrast, HPF file can directly access the metadata of a particular file from its index file without having to process it entirely. The HPF index system uses two hash functions: file’s metadata are distributed through index files by using a dynamic hash function and, for each index file, we build an order preserving perfect hash function that preserves the position of each file’s metadata in the index file. The HPF design will only read the part of the index file that contains the metadata of the searched file during its access. HPF file also supports the file appending functionality after its creation. Our experiments show that HPF can be more than 40% faster file’s access from the original HDFS. If we don’t consider the caching effect, HPF’s file access is around 179% faster than MapFile and 11294% faster than HAR file. If we consider caching effect, HPF is around 35% faster than MapFile and 105% faster than HAR file. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： File organization

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Ferric Chloride Further Simplified the Horizontal Gene Transfer Network of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Anaerobic Digestion

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zhang, Junya Lu, Tiedong Xin, Yuan Wei, Yuansong State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig04318 Germany University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Agricultural Resource and Environment Research Institute Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangxi Nanning530007 China College of Life Science and Technology Guangxi University Guangxi Nanning530005 China

The role of ferric chloride (FC) on the reduction of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in anaerobic digestion (AD) system was investigated from the perspective of vertical (VGT) and horizontal gene transfer (HGT) network through the high-throughput qPCR (HT-qPCR). Although FC showed limited impacts on methane production in AD of swine manure, the tetracycline and MLSB resistance genes were specifically reduced at the end, where tetQ of antibiotic target protection and ermF of antibiotic target alteration contributed the most to the reduction. Both VGT and HGT network were divided into three modules, and the complexity of HGT network was largely reduced along with AD, where the HGT connection was reduced from 683 (Module III) to 172 (Module I), and FC addition could further reduce the relative abundance of ARG hosts in Module I. The contribution of VGT and HGT to the changes of ARGs in AD was further deciphered, and although the VGT reflected by the changes of microbial community contributed the most to the dynamics of ARGs (68.0%), the HGT contribution could further be reduced by the FC addition. This study provided a new perspective on the fate of ARGs response to the FC addition in the AD system. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gene transfer

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Topological Connectivity Analysis on Freight Transportation Networks

Topological Connectivity Analysis on Freight Transportation ...

引用

作者： Xi-sheng SHEN Xiao-fang WANG Lian-yi ZHANG Xi-fu WANG School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong University School of Business Renmin University of China Science and Technology on Space System Simulation Laboratory Beijing Simulation Center

The connections between nodes in Freight Transportation Networks(FTNs) are highly complex. With the topological modelling of real world FTNs, this paper introduces quantitative indicators, such as degree distribution and edge/node betweenness centrality, to analyze the topological connectivity. The exponential laws of degree distribution and edge/node betweenness centrality are shown by numerical results on the coal transportation network in Shanxi, China.

关键词： Topological connectivity Degree distribution Betweenness Freight transportation networks

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Robust Analysis of Freight Comprehensive Transportation Networks

Robust Analysis of Freight Comprehensive Transportation Netw...

引用

2019 International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modeling, simulation and Optimization(AMMSO 2019)

作者： Xi-sheng SHEN Xiao-fang WANG Xi-fu WANG School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong University Science and Technology on Space System Simulation Laboratory Beijing Simulation Center School of Business Renmin University of China

The robustness of Freight Comprehensive Transportation Networks(FCTNs) refers to the ability that FCTNs can maintain their function or performance tolerating perturbations from uncertainties. To evaluate the robustness of FCTNs, this paper proposes several quantitative indicators including accessibility, delivery, carrying capacity and transferring capacity. Numerical results based on the case of coal comprehensive transportation networks in Shanxi, China show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Robust analysis Freight Comprehensive Transportation Networks Evaluation indicators

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Observation of the π2σ2-bond linear-chain molecular structure in 16C

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Han, Jiaxing Liu, Y. Ye, Y.L. Lou, J.L. Yang, X.F. Baba, T. Kimura, M. Yang, B. Li, Z.H. Li, Q.T. Xu, J.Y. Ge, Y.C. Hua, H. Yang, Z.H. Wang, J.S. Yang, Y.Y. Ma, P. Bai, Z. Hu, Q. Liu, W. Ma, K. Tao, L.C. Jiang, Y. Hu, L.Y. Zang, H.L. Feng, J. Wu, H.Y. Bai, S.W. Li, G. Yu, H.Z. Huang, S.W. Chen, Z.Q. Sun, X.H. Li, J.J. Tan, Z.W. Gao, Z.H. Duan, F.F. Tan, J.H. Sun, S.Q. Song, Y.S. School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing100871 China Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang621907 China Kitami Institute of Technology Kitami090-8507 Japan Department of Physics Hokkaido University Sapporo060-0810 Japan Research Center for Nuclear Physics Osaka University 10-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki567-0047 Japan School of Science Huzhou University Huzhou313000 China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou730000 China Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China

Measurements of the 2H(16C,16C∗→4He+12Be or 6He+10Be)2H inelastic excitation and cluster-decay reactions have been carried out at a beam energy of about 23.5 MeV/u. A specially designed detection system, including one multi-layer silicon-strip telescope at around zero degrees, has allowed the high-efficiency three-fold coincident detection and therefore the event-by-event determination of the energy of the unstable nucleus beam. The decay paths from the 16C resonances to various states of the final 10Be or 12Be nucleus are recognized thanks to the well-resolved Q-value spectra. The reconstructed resonances at 16.5(1), 17.3(2), 19.4(1) and 21.6(2) MeV are assigned as the 0+, 2+, 4+ and 6+ members, respectively, of the positive-parity (3/2−π )2(1/2−σ )2-bond linear-chain molecular band in 16C, based on the angular correlation analysis for the 16.5 MeV state and the excellent agreement of decay patterns between the measurements and theoretical predictions. Moreover, another intriguing high-lying state was observed at 27.2(1) MeV which decays almost exclusively to the ∼6 MeV states of 10Be, in line with the newly predicted pure σ-bond linear-chain configuration. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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High Nitrogen Fertilizer Input Enhanced the Microbial Network Complexity in the Paddy Soil

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Chen, Yanan Li, Yan Qiu, Tianyi He, Haoran Liu, Ji Duan, Chengjiao Cui, Yongxing Fang, Linchuan The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education Shaanxi Yangling712100 China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation CAS and MWR Yangling712100 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Institute of Environment Resource and Soil Fertilizer Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou310021 China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Yangling712100 China Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation Central China Normal University Wuhan430079 China Department of Ecohydrology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Berlin12587 Germany Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing100871 China Wuhan University of Technology China

Nitrogen (N) fertilization drives the composition and function of soil microbial communities, which are crucial for regulating soil biogeochemical cycling and maintaining ecosystem stability. The influences of N fertilizer on soil microbial composition and diversity have been widely explored, while it is commonly overlooked that ecosystem processes are carried out via complex webs of co-occurrence networks among microbiome members. Here, we examined the effects of five N fertilization levels (0, 135, 180, 225, and 360 kg N ha-1) on microbial co-occurrence networks and key functional taxa such as ammonia-oxidizers in paddy soils. The results showed that N addition altered microbial community composition, which were positively related to soil total N and available phosphorus (P) contents. The abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) significantly decreased after N addition, whereas ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) increased in N360 treatment. Compared with low-N group (N0 and N135), the high-N group (N225 and N360) shaped more complex microbial webs and thus improved the stability of the microbial community. Partial least squares path modelling further revealed that N fertilizer had a higher effect on microbial network complexity in the high-N group (0.83) than the low-N group (0.49). Although there were more positive links across all microbial networks, the proportion of negative links significantly increased in the high-N networks, suggesting that excess N addition aggravated the competition among microbial species. Disentangling these interactions between microbial communities and N fertilization advances our understanding of biogeochemical processes in paddy soils and their effects on nutrient supply to rice production. Our findings highlighted that highly N-enriched paddy soils have more stable microbial networks and can better sustain soil ecological functions to cope with the ongoing environmental changes. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nitrogen fertilizers

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