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Cathodic corrosion as a facile and universal method for scalable preparation of dual-atom electrocatalysts

Nano Research 2025年第4期18卷 70-77页

作者： Rui Li Tao Shao Fudong Jiang Dong Chen Wenyong Jing Jingwen Ba Yulong Li Yuhan Wu Wenhua Luo Jingsong Xu Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621907China Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory Mianyang 621908China

Dual-atom catalysts(DACs)are emerging as highly efficient electrocatalysts,offering synergistic effects and high atomic ***,we introduce a scalable and facile electrochemical approach for the top-down synthesis of DACs supported on carbon materials via a two-time“plasma treatment+cathodic corrosion”***,metal atoms in nanoparticles on cathode are etched under high negative potential,diffused over the electrode,captured by N doped carbon carriers in electrolyte and forming single-atom *** introducing additional N coordination sites adjacent to the primary metal single-atom sites via a secondary plasma processing and anchoring a second metal atom via a subsequent cathodic corrosion process,DACs are *** as-prepared Pt DACs exhibit enhanced catalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)with a low overpotential of 0.027 V at 10 mA·cm^(-2) and a Tafel slope of 29.9 mV·dec^(-1) as well as high ***,the proposed electrochemical top-down synthetic route affords promising potential for scalable production of other homonuclear or heteronuclear DACs on multiple carbon substrates,advancing the practical application of DACs in electrocatalysis.

关键词： dual-atom catalysts cathodic corrosion top-down strategy scalable synthesis hydrogen evolution reaction

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Design and experimental study of a field-reversed configuration plasma thruster prototype

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Plasma science and technology 2025年第3期27卷 118-126页

作者： Yuxuan HUANG Ming ZHANG Yong YANG Fangwei LYU Xiaopeng YI Chaofan LYU Yisong ZHANG Bo RAO State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Lanzhou Institute of PhysicsLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China

The field-reversed configuration(FRC)plasma thruster driven by rotating magnetic field(RMF),abbreviated as the RMF-FRC thruster,is a new type of electric propulsion technology that is expected to accelerate the deep space *** experimental prototype,including diagnostic devices,was designed and constructed based on the principles of the RMF-FRC thruster,with an RMF frequency of 210 kHz and a maximum peak current of 2 *** the rated operating conditions,the initial plasma density was measured to be 5×10^(17)m^(-3),and increased to 2.2×10^(19)m^(-3)after the action of *** coupling efficiency of RMF was about 53%,and the plasma current reached 1.9 *** axial magnetic field changed in reverse by 155 Gauss,successfully reversing the bias magnetic field of 60 Gauss,which verifies the formation of FRC *** optimization research,it was found that when the bias magnetic field is 100 Gauss,the axial magnetic field reverse variation caused by FRC is the highest at 164 *** experimental results are discussed and strategies are proposed to improve the performance of the prototype.

关键词： rotating magnetic field(RMF) field-reversed configuration(FRC) plasma thrusters plasma current

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Calibration of the Solar X-ray Detector on-board the Macao science Satellite-1B for Soft X-ray Detection

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第1期68卷 11-26页

作者： Man-Hei NG Xiaoping ZHANG Jianwu CHEN Yongqiang SHI Fuchang ZUO Wenxi PENG Weichun FU Liansheng LI Pengwei LUO Chi-Long TANG Guozheng ZHANG Zhiwu MEI Li WANG Cunhui LI Jiaming OU Yanyan Xu State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China Space Optoelectronic Measurement and Perception Laboratory Beijing Institute of Control EngineeringBeijing100190China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory Lanzhou Institute of PhysicsLanzhou730000China China National Space Administration(CNSA) Macao Center for Space Exploration and ScienceMacao999078China

The Solar X-ray Detector(SXD)on-board the Macao science Satellite-1B(MSS-1B)was successfully launched via the Chinese Long March-2C rocket on 21 May 2023,and commenced operations in early June of the same *** MSS-1B/Soft X-ray Detection Units(SXDUs)employ two silicon drift detectors(SDDs),providing a wide range of energy spectra spanning from 0.7 to 24 ***,the SXDUs deliver a high-resolution capability of 0.14 keV@5.9 keV and operate with a time cadence of 1 ***,we perform thorough calibrations of the MSS-1B/SXDUs,employing a combination of ground experiments and *** addition,quantitative analysis comparing the flux measurements obtained by the MSS-1B/SXDUs to the data collected by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite(GOES),provides compelling evidence of their ***,the preliminary spectral analysis results showcase the robustness and expected performance of the MSS-1B/SXDUs,unlocking their potential for facilitating the study of dynamic evolution of solar ***,the innovative MSS-1B/Solar X-ray Detector facilitates concurrent observations of solar soft and hard X-rays,thereby making valuable contributions to the advancements in solar research.

关键词： Macao science Satellite-1B(MSS-1B) Calibration Solar X-Ray Detector Spectrometer Soft X-rays Solar flares Solar abundances

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U（1） Dirac quantum spin liquid candidate in triangular-lattice antiferromagnet CeMgAl11O19

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science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第6期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 168-175页

作者： Yantao Cao Akihiro Koda M.D.Le V.Pomjakushin Benqiong Liu Zhendong Fu Zhiwei Li Jinkui Zhao Zhaoming Tian Hanjie Guo Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Muon Science Laboratory Institute of Materials Structure ScienceKEK ISIS Neutron and Muon Source Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging LNS Paul Scherrer Institute Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP) School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University School of Physical Sciences Great Bay University School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Quantum spin liquid represents an intriguing state where electron spins are highly entangled yet spin fluctuation persists even at 0 K. Recently, the hexaaluminates RMgAl11O19（R = rare earth） have been proposed to be a platform for realizing the quantum spin liquid state with dominant Ising anisotropic correlations. Here, we report detailed low-temperature magnetic susceptibility,muon spin relaxation, and thermodynamic studies on the CeMgAl11O19single crystal. Ising anisotropy is revealed by magnetic susceptibility measurements. Muon spin relaxation and ac susceptibility measurements rule out any long-range magnetic ordering or spin freezing down to 50 m K despite the onset of spin correlations below ～0.8 K. Instead, the spins keep fluctuating at a rate of 1.0（2） MHz at 50 mK. Specific heat results indicate a gapless excitation with a power-law dependence on temperature,Cm（T） ∝ Tα. The quasi-quadratic temperature dependence with α = 2.28（4） in zero field and linear temperature dependence in 0.25 T support the possible realization of the U（1） Dirac quantum spin liquid state.

关键词： quantum spin liquid frustration triangular lattice gapless excitation

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Detector array with digital data acquisition system for charged-particle decay studies

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第4期36卷 140-150页

作者： Hao Jian Xin-Xing Xu Kai-Long Wang Jia-Jian Liu Chao-Yi Fu Peng-Jie Li Yan-Yun Yang Guang-Xin Zhang Kang Wang Fang-Fang Duan Long-Hui Ru Guang-Shun Li Bing Ding Yun-Hua Qiang Cen-Xi Yuan Jun-Bing Ma Shi-Wei Xu Yu-Feng Gao Rui Fan Fan-Chao Dai Si-Xian Zha Hao-Fan Zhu Jin-Hai Li Shu-Lian Qin Zhi-Fang Chang Cheng Kong He-Xuan Yan Hao-Wei Xu Jia-Long Ning Bo-Ren Liu Jie Zhou Yu-Dong Chen Bo-Shuai Cai Yu-Ting Wang Hong-Yi Wu Zhi-Xuan Wang Dong-Sheng Hou Hu-Shan Xu Xiao-Hong Zhou Yu-Hu Zhang Meng Wang Zheng-Guo Hu Jenny Lee State Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Science and Technology Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou 516003China Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

A state-of-the-art detector array with a digital data acquisition system has been developed for charged-particle decay studies,includingβ-delayed protons,αdecay,and direct proton emissions from exotic proton-rich *** digital data acquisition system enables precise synchronization and processing of complex signals from various detectors,such as plastic scintillators,silicon detectors,and germaniumγ*** system's performance was evaluated using theβdecay of^(32)Ar and its neighboring nuclei,produced via projectile fragmentation at the first Radioactive Ion Beam Line in lanzhou(RIBLL1).Key measurements,including the half-life,charged-particle spectrum,andγ-ray spectrum,were obtained and compared with previous results for *** the implantation–decay method,the isotopes of interest were implanted into two doublesided silicon strip detectors,where their subsequent decays were measured and correlated with preceding implantations using both position and time *** detection system has potential for further applications,including the study ofβ-delayed charged-particle decay and direct proton emissions from even more exotic proton-rich nuclei.

关键词： β-delayed proton decay Double-sided silicon strip detector High-purity germanium detector Digital data acquisition system Implantation–decay correlation

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A new type of dense silicon nitride-based metamaterial

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2025年第3期14卷 59-67页

作者： Lujie Wang Xuejian Liu Qian Qi Dewei Ni Hui Zhang Jie Yin Zhuhui Qiao Zhengren Huang State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai Yantai 264006China Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering Yantai 264006China

Electromagnetic metamaterials have attracted widespread attention because of their unique properties,and the introduction of conductive metals or carbon into an insulating matrix is the main method for preparing *** nitride ceramics have become an ideal matrix for electromagnetic metamaterials because of their high degree of insulation,high thermal conductivity,high-temperature resistance,corrosion resistance,and excellent mechanical ***,owing to poor sintering activity,chemical incompatibility,thermal expansion mismatch,or second-phase melt agglomeration,it is difficult to prepare dense silicon nitride-based metamaterials without a mechanical pressure-assisted sintering process,which greatly limits their high-performance preparation and industrial *** address this issue,this work proposes the use of the high melting point metal tungsten as the conductive second *** the control of chemical reactions,analysis,and regulation of the densification process,the materials were fully densified by gas pressure *** the introduction of tungsten,not only did the electrical and thermal conductivity properties of the silicon nitride ceramics improve,but a negative permittivity behavior was also observed when the tungsten content reached 20 vol%.A new type of dense silicon nitride-based metamaterials with great industrial potential was proposed and prepared,which can guide the preparation and industrial application of high-performance metamaterials.

关键词： electromagnetic metamaterials silicon nitride tungsten negative permittivity

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High-throughput screening for high thermal conductivity SiC ceramic systems: Experimental and multiscale simulation investigation

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Ceramics International 2025年第14期51卷 18636-18649页

作者： Wang, Canglong Meng, Zhaocang Tian, Jianke Liu, Yiwen Shu, Yafeng Wu, Haibo Yang, Lei Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou730000 China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou516000 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo315201 China

Given the wide prospects for SiC ceramic with high thermal conductivity, high-throughput screening of SiC containing BeO-Y2O3-Al2O3-MgO additives has been implemented by the experimental and multiscale simulation investigation. About 16 groups of SiC prepared by SPS are composed of 4H-SiC, 6H-SiC, 3C-SiC, BeO and yttrium aluminum garnet phases, and exhibit equiaxed and columnar microstructures. It was verified by the density functional theory simulation that these dopants (Be, O, Mg, Al and Y) can migrate spontaneously towards the Σ13 (150) [001] GB. The ceramics with thermal conductivity higher than 120 W/(m·K) were screened out. Especially, the annealed SiC with 5%BeO-10 % additive exhibits the maximum thermal conductivity of 206.5 W/(m·K). The Vickers hardness about 16.89 GPa can be predicted by the macro finite element model simulation, which is accorded with the experimental result. This work provides an economically feasible project for the large-scale production of SiC ceramics with high thermal conductivity. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Ceramic materials

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Monitoring of lubrication and wear in-situ by triboelectrification under grease lubrication

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Friction 2025年第2期13卷 89-98页

作者： Yiming Lei Yange Feng Zixiang Wu Qiang Gao Zhuopei Zhang Wenpeng Wang Liucheng Wang Youqiang Wang Daoai Wang State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai Yantai 265503China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials Qingdao 266104China

The stable operation of friction pairs is one of the most critical factors to maintain the stable operation of mechanical *** real-time monitoring of lubrication state of the friction pair is very important to ensure the normal operation of machinery and realize early warning of wear failure,but it is also a big *** this article,a new lubrication insitu monitoring system is designed,which can monitor the lubrication and wear state of friction pairs through *** current acquisition module and friction coefficient acquisition module are integrated into a high vacuum hydrodynamic oil film thickness measuring instrument to explore the intrinsic relationship between triboelectricity and friction coefficient *** severe wear occurs,the oil film at the interface of the friction pair is no longer complete,and the accumulated triboelectric charge at the interface of the friction pair breaks down the air and causes discharge,the friction current suddenly increases from nanoampere level to microampere *** time node when discharge occurs at the steel ball interface is well consistent with the time node when the friction pair suffers serious *** to the corresponding relationship between the triboelectric current and the friction and wear status of the friction pair,an early wear warning monitoring system is designed to monitor the operating status of the friction pair in real time through triboelectric *** the mechanical friction pair is worn,the early warning system will send out sound and light alarm signals and send real-time warnings to the mobile terminal through the Internet of Things,providing a new and reliable method for real-time monitoring of friction and wear of grease-lubricated machinery.

关键词： friction sensing wear warning triboelectric sensor in-situ monitoring real-time

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Readout electronics for beam monitor in the External-Target Experiment of CSR

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第5期36卷 113-125页

作者： Jun Liu Chao-Song Gao Hu-Lin Wang Zhen Wang Xiang-Ming Sun Ran Chen Fei Yan Bi-Hui You Zi-Xuan Song Cheng-Xin Zhao Guang-Ming Huang Feng Liu PLAC Key Laboratory of Quark&Lepton Physics(MOE)Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Silicon Pixel Chip&Detection Technology Wuhan 430079China School of Physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China College of Electronic Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan 430033China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Cooling Storage Ring(CSR)external-target experiment(CEE)will be the first large-scale nuclear physics experiment at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in lanzhou(HIRFL).A beam monitor has been developed to monitor the beam status and to improve the reconstruction resolution of the primary ***-designed pixel charge sensors,named TopmetalCEEv1,are employed in the detector to locate the position of each *** electronics for the beam monitor were designed,including front-end electronics utilizing the Topmetal-CEEv1 sensors,as well as a readout and control unit that communicates with the DAQ,trigger,and clock systems.A series of tests were performed to validate the functionality and performance of the system,including basic electronic verifications and responses toαparticles and heavy-ion *** results show that all designed functions of the readout electronics system work well,and this system could be used for beam monitoring in the CEE experiment.

关键词： CEE Beam monitor Topmetal-CEEv1 Readout electronics

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Ultraviolet photodetector of TiO2 film in different phase on various substrates

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Ceramics International 2025年第13期51卷 17190-17199页

作者： Qi, Jiawei Wu, Yanxia Zhang, Caili Yu, Shengwang Wang, Yongsheng Liu, Ying Hei, Hongjun College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou730000 China Instrumental Analysis Center Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan034000 China State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu610031 China

TiO2 films were gained via annealed Ti films prepared by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering with different sputtering power on various substrates, including Si, quartz glass and diamond. TiO2 films with different phases were obtained by adjusting the sputtering power of Ti target. The results showed that TiO2 films transferred from the anatase phase to the mixed phase then to the rutile phase with increasing sputtering power from 100 W to 300 W. The average transmittance of the samples in the visible light band exceeded 70 % and the adjustable Eg range of the prepared TiO2 film was 3.15–3.21 eV. Specially, the TiO2-based metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) ultraviolet (UV) photodetector with the film prepared at 100 W (S1) on Si substrate exhibited the better photoelectric performance at 20 V bias, with photo-to-dark current ratio (PDCR), responsivity (R), external quantum efficiency (EQE), and specific detectivity (D∗) of 1.9 × 103, 75.9 mA/W, 15.9 % and 2.3 × 1011 Jones, respectively. Meanwhile, the performance of UV photodetectors with diamond substrate was almost better than that of Si substrate except for S1 due to wide band gap, high carrier mobility and high thermal conductivity of diamond. The performance of S1 on Si substrate was better than diamond substrate owing to the thermal expansion coefficient between anatase TiO2 and Si was closer to that between it and diamond. In addition, when Ti was deposited on Si (111) at room temperature, a strong chemical bond (Ti-Si) was formed between Ti and Si, so that Ti was more uniformly covered on the surface of Si (111) than on the surface of diamond. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Nanocrystals

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