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science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1392-1399页

作者：王树泽于雪晴韦力瑄王利程强军彭坤程方君刘宇李坊森马旭村薛其坤宋灿立 State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055China

Magnetic impurities in superconductors are of increasing interest due to emergent Yu-Shiba-Rusinov(YSR)states and Majorana zero modes for fault-tolerant quantum ***,a direct relationship between the YSR multiple states and magnetic anisotropy splitting of quantum impurity spins remains poorly *** using scanning tunneling microscopy,we systematically resolve individual transition-metal(Fe,Cr,and Ni)impurities induced YSR multiplets as well as their Zeeman effects in the K_(3)C_(60)*** YSR multiplets show identical d orbital-like wave functions that are symmetry-mismatched to the threefold K_(3)C_(60)(111)host surface,breaking point-group symmetries of the spatial distribution of YSR bound states in real ***,we identify an unprecedented fermion-parity-preserving quantum phase transition between ground states with opposite signs of the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy that can be manipulated by an external magnetic *** findings can be readily understood in terms of anisotropy splitting of quantum impurity spins,and thus elucidate the intricate interplay between the magnetic anisotropy and YSR multiplets.

关键词： Magnetic anisotropy YSR multiplets Quantum spin Quantum phase transition Identical wave functions Zeeman effects

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Exploring the phase transformation in ZnO/Cu(111) model catalysts in CO_(2) hydrogenation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第9期30卷 150-155页

作者： Rui Wang Hengwei Wang Xuefei Weng Jiuxiang Dai Zhongmiao Gong Changbao Zhao Junling Lu Yi Cui Xinhe Bao School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis iChEMDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Sustainable methanol production via CO_(2) hydrogenation leads to increased interest in the understanding of active phase of Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3)(CZA) catalyst. Model catalysts of ZnO/Cu(111) with structures varied from two-dimensional planar to three-dimensional nanoparticles were prepared by atomic layer deposition(ALD) method. By combing scanning tunneling microscopy(STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) at near-ambient pressure of CO_(2) hydrogenation, we reveal that the submonolayer ZnO/Cu(111) transformed into Cu-Zn alloy under 10 mbar CO_(2)/H_(2) at 493 K, and underwent a partial reoxidation during evacuation. The dynamic phase transformation of ZnO/Cu(111) may partly explain the existence of differences and apparently contradictory theories to account for the origin of active phase in CZA catalysts.

关键词： ZnO/Cu(111) Methanol synthesis NAP-STM NAP-XPS ALD

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Nh3 Gas Sensor Based on Poly(Pyridine-2,5-Diyl) at Room Temperature

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Niu, Fang Zhang, Xue Ma, Dong-Feng Zhao, Yong-Qing Shi, Hai-Bo Tao, Li-Ming Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Gansu Lanzhou730000 China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Gansu Lanzhou730000 China Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory Lanzhou Institute of Physics Gansu Lanzhou730000 China

Gas sensing was a very important strategy for online detection toxic and harmful gases, which can greatly reduce production accidents, provide health protection and reduce emissions. Herein, poly(pyridine-2,5-diyl) (PPy), poly(3-methylpyridine-2,5-diyl) (P3MePy) and poly(2-methoxypyridine-3,6-diyl) (P2MeOPy) were constructed using Suzuki reaction. They all exhibited excellent NH3 sensing performance. PPy sensor showed -87% response value to 100 ppm NH3, 8 s/248 s response/recovery time and LOD was 16.4 ppb. DFT calculation and in-situ UV-Vis experiment confirmed pyridine N was NH3 adsorption sites in sensing process. PPy sensor exhibited excellent long-term stability and great potential in practical application. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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Quantifying Logical Consistency in Transformers via Query-Key Alignment

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tulchinskii, Eduard Voznyuk, Anastasia Kushnareva, Laida Andriiainen, Andrei Piontkovskaya, Irina Burnaev, Evgeny Barannikov, Serguei Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Russia AI Foundation Algorithm Lab Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Russia CNRS Université Paris Cité France

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various natural language processing tasks, yet their ability to perform multi-step logical reasoning remains an open challenge. Although Chain-of-Thought prompting has improved logical reasoning by enabling models to generate intermediate steps, it lacks mechanisms to assess the coherence of these logical transitions. In this paper, we propose a novel, lightweight evaluation strategy for logical reasoning that uses query–key alignments inside transformer attention heads. By computing a single forward pass and extracting a "QK-score" from carefully chosen heads, our method reveals latent representations that reliably separate valid from invalid inferences, offering a scalable alternative to traditional ablation-based techniques. We also provide an empirical validation on multiple logical reasoning benchmarks, demonstrating improved robustness of our evaluation method against distractors and increased reasoning depth. The experiments were conducted on a diverse set of models, ranging from 1.5B to 70B parameters. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Structured Query Language

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Realizing self-powered mechanical transmission control system via triboelectric nanogenerator and electrorheological fluid composed soft starter

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Nano Research Energy 2023年第3期2卷 8-15页

作者： Jianfeng Sun Jiaqi Li Yingzhou Huang Song Qi Jie Chen Changsheng Wu Hengyu Guo Department of Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Key Lab for Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of EducationCollege of Optoelectronic EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Department of Materials Science&Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore

Soft starters are effective devices used to provide overload protection for motors from large mechanical shocks during the start-up ***,existing soft starters require additional power supplies,sensors,and complex control elements that pose serious challenges to the integration,versatility,and operability of mechanical transmission ***,we propose a newly soft starter based on the triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)and electrorheological fluid(ERF)to realize a self-powered mechanical transmission *** ERF’s rheological characteristic and the baffle structure play a role in the torque of *** by TENG,the soft starter with optimized baffle achieves a 715%growth in transmission torque compared to that of the device without *** a smooth start is obtained with transmission speeds ranging from 0%to 100%.In application demonstration,this triboelectric soft starter(TSS)has the capacity to gain a smooth operation of the high-speed *** contrast,the direct start generates an overshoot,leading to a break in the conveyor *** TSS designed in this work with the advantages of self-powered,highly integrated,easy to operate,and low cost,provides a prospective strategy for broadening the application of TENG in mechanical transmission systems.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator electrorheological fluid soft starter self-powered

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Image Classification Based on Parallel Convolutional Neural Network 11

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Image C...

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11th International Conference on Information Systems and Computing technology, ISCTech 2023

作者： Jiang, Linhuan Zhang, Zhen Hu, Yabin Kunming University of Science and Technology Faculty of Land Resources Engineering Kunming China Frist Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Lab of Marine Physics and Remote Sensing Qingdao China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350342406

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral images (HSI) are widely used in remote sensing fine-grained monitoring and classification owing to the abundant spatial- spectral information. Deep learning (DL) for HSI classification is a popular method because of the strong information extraction ability. The existing DL methods mainly include pixel-level convolutional neural network (CNN) methods and semantic segmentation algorithms. However, the HSI of UAV has rich spatial-spectral information, and it also shows the characteristics of severe shadow, poor signal-to-noise ratio and redundant spectral information. Pixel-level CNN shows a large amount of salt and pepper noise in classification results for these HSI, while the semantic segmentation algorithm shows inaccurate boundaries and small fragments, and requires a large number of training samples. Therefore, to address this problem, we hereby propose a parallel neural network model based on ICA-2D-CNN branch and 3D-CNN branch for UAV HSI classification. Among them, the ICA-2D-CNN branch extracts HSI spatial features using ICA and 2D-CNN, and the 3D-CNN branch is designed to extract spatial and spectral information of HSI to alleviate the classification problem of salt noise and boundary inaccuracy. Taking the 5cm spatial resolution of UAV HSI as an example, the overall accuracy (OA) of the proposed model is 71.87%, the average accuracy reaches 72.9%, and the Kappa coefficient is 0.639. Compared with 1D-CNN, 2D-CNN and 3D-CNN, OA increased by 3.6%, 9.3% and 6.5%, respectively. The parallel neural network proposed by this paper can achieve satisfactory classification results, which showing robust classification performance and significant advantages for UAV HSI classification. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Remote sensing

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Controlled Growth of Electronic Grade 2D MoSe2-WSe2Lateral Heterostructure and Optoelectronic Characteristics

Controlled Growth of Electronic Grade 2D MoSe2-WSe2Lateral H...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics, ICEE 2022

作者： Ray, Purbasha Kundu, Baisali Nayak, Biswajeet Giri, Soumen Chakraborty, Suman Kumar Banerjee, Rajdeep Pradhan, Monalisa Basori, Rabaya Pradhan, Gopal K. Goswami, Dipak Kumar Sahoo, Prasana Kumar Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Quantum Materials and Device Research Lab Materials Science Centre Kharagpur India Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Materials Science Centre Kharagpur India Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Department of Physics Kharagpur India School of Applied Sciences Kalinga Institute of Technology- Deemed to Be University Dept. of Physics Bhubaneswar India Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Nanoscience and Technology Kharagpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665491853

We developed a robust water-assisted one-pot chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method for the fabrication of electronic grade 2D MoSe2 layers and MoSe2-WSe2 lateral heterostructure (LHS). Critical CVD process parameters such as carrier gas mixing, temperature, and substrate positions were varied to control the degree of crystallinity, domain sizes, and the number of the atomic layer within individual LHS domains. Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy and transport measurement in FET geometry were used to probe the optical and electrical characteristics of these as-grown 2D LHS. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Selenium compounds

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Photocatalytic treatment of MB Dye using ZnO Nanoparticles 1

Photocatalytic treatment of MB Dye using ZnO Nanoparticles

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1st International Conference on Technologies for Smart Green Connected Society 2021, ICTSGS 2021

作者： Tripta Vikas Nehra, Pooja Rana, Pawan S. Hydrogen Energy Lab Department of Physics Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology Murthal Sonepat Haryana 131001 India

ISBN: (纸本)9781607685395

The present study revealed the synthesis by wet chemical co-precipitation process of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) and was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy and photocatalysis for Methylene Blue (MB) dye degradation. The ZnO nanoparticles crystallite size calculated from XRD using Debye Scherrer Formula is 36.27nm. The size variation of the ZnO nanoparticles is due to the different annealing temperature and precursors. The FTIR spectra confirm the formation of ZnO nanoparticles. The absorption peak at 380 nm of ZnO nanoparticles from UV-Vis spectra is observed, and decreases with time which shows the dye degradation. MB dye degradation efficiency by ZnO nanoparticle is 91.78% in 21 minutes. © The Electrochemical Society

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Simulation Engineering of Heterojunction Colloidal Quantum Dot- Solar Cell Using Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) as an Electron Transport Layer 4th

Simulation Engineering of Heterojunction Colloidal Quantum D...

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4th International Conference on VLSI, Communication and Signal processing, VCAS 2021

作者： Dubey, Priyanka Sadanand Rai, Shambhavi Pandey, B.K. Dwivedi, D.K. Amorphous Semiconductor Research Lab Department of Physics and Material Science Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology Gorakhpur273010 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789811926303

Quantum dot solar cell is one of the most potential third generation solar cell due to some peculiar properties of quantum dots like size and composition tunability. Despite of these properties, the colloidal quantum dot solar cell (CQDSCs) performance is still lagging behind conventional solar cells because of the phenomenon of recombination of carriers in quasi-neutral region (QNR). The solar cell device performance is highly dependent on the choice of electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL). In the present work, WO3 is used as ETL and Cu2O is used as HTL, tetrabutylammonium iodide treated PbS (PbS-TBAI) is used as absorber layer. All simulation work is done by using SCAPS-1D simulator program. The obtained power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the present solar cell device structure is 16.32%. This device is then optimized by varying the doping density of ETL and HTL and 5 × 1017 cm−3 is finalized for both ETL and HTL. Further, the investigation of series and shunt resistance is performed. The optimized values for series and shunt resistance are 1 and 1 × 106 Ω cm2 respectively. The optimized value of the PCE is obtained as 18.07%. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Tungsten compounds

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Edge-epitaxial Growth of Mos2- Ws2lateral heterostructure and their optoelectronic properties

Edge-epitaxial Growth of Mos2- Ws2lateral heterostructure an...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Electronics, ICEE 2022

作者： Nayak, Biswajeet Chakraborty, Suman Kumar Banerjee, Rajdeep Ray, Purbasha Kundu, Baisali Bisoyi, Sagar Basori, Rabaya Pradhan, Gopal K. Goswami, Dipak Kumar Sahoo, Prasana Kumar Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Quantum Materials and Device Research Lab Materials Science Centre Kharagpur India Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Department of Physics Kharagpur India Indian Institute of Technology Nanoscience and Technology Kharagpur India School of Applied Sciences Kalinga Institute of Technology- Deemed to Be University Dept. of Physics Bhubaneswar India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665491853

We reported the direct growth of electronic grade 2D Mos2- Ws2lateral heterostructures (LHS) by controlling critical physicochemical parameters using a water-assisted chemical vapor deposition technique. Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy and transport measurements were used to standardize their optical and electronic characteristics. In addition, the role of metal contacts in the transport characteristics in the field-effect transistor geometry of the LHS was evaluated. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Chemical vapor deposition

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