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Scalable matrix ring data center interconnect based on FSO technology

Optics Express 2025年第12期33卷 25016-25038页

作者： Qian Kong Jianning Su Xiaowei Lu Liming Liu Haijun Yuan School of Electronic and Information Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute Zhongshan 528402 China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University SZU China Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province Shenzhen Key Lab of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration China

To address escalating data center traffic and scalability issues, this paper introduces a novel hybrid data center network (DCN) architecture using free-space optics (FSO). The proposed three-layer matrix ring topology employs wired intra-layer links and wireless FSO inter-layer connections, reducing cabling and end-to-end delay. An optimized FSO link allocation strategy based on priority principles further enhances performance. Simulations demonstrate significant delay reduction as FSO links increase (up to 35.7%). Comparative analysis against leaf-spine validates the matrix ring’s superiority, showing lower average delays under high loads and markedly better, more predictable delay distributions under bursts of traffic. This work offers a promising approach for flexible, efficient, and scalable future DCNs.

关键词： Heterodyne detection Machine learning Millimeter waves Multicore fibers Ring networks Visible light communications

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2D/2D atomic double-layer WS_(2)/Nb_(2)O_(5)shell/core nanosheets with ultrafast interfacial charge transfer for boosting photocatalytic H_(2)evolution

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第10期32卷 3128-3132页

作者： Bo Lin Hao Chen Yao Zhou Xiao Luo Dan Tian Xiaoqing Yan Ruihuan Duan Jun Di Lixing Kang Aimin Zhou Guidong Yang Yonghui Li Jiadong Zhou Zheng Liu Fucai Liu School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan 430200China School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore College of Materials Science and Engineering Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest ResourcesNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China XJTU-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology School of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(Ministry of Education) Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics&Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systemsand School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Low-efficiency charge transfer is a critical factor to limit the photocatalytic H_(2)evolution activity of semiconductor *** interface design is a promising approach to achieve high chargetransfer efficiency for ***,a new 2 D/2 D atomic double-layer WS_(2)/Nb_(2)O_(5)shell/core photocatalyst(DLWS/Nb_(2)O_(5))is *** atom-resolved HAADF-STEM results unravel the presence of an unusual 2 D/2 D shell/core interface in DLWS/Nb_(2)O_(5).Taking advantage of the advanced femtosecond-resolved ultrafast TAS spectra,the average lifetime of charge carriers for DLWS/Nb_(2)O_(5)(180.97 ps)is considerably shortened as compared to that of Nb_(2)O_(5)(230.50 ps),strongly indicating that the 2 D/2 D shell/core interface enables DLWS/Nb_(2)O_(5)to achieve ultrafast charge transfer from Nb_(2)O_(5)to atomic double-layer WS_(2),thus yielding a high photocatalytic H_(2)evolution rate of 237.6 mmol/h,up to10.8 times higher than that of pure Nb_(2)O_(5)*** study will open a new window for the development of high-efficient photocatalytic systems through the interface design.

关键词： 2D/2D shell/core interface Atomic double-layer WS_(2) Nb_(2)O_(5)nanosheet Charge transfer Photocatalytic H_(2)evolution

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Thickness Modulated the Absorption and Bandgap Properties at Visible Frequencies of Gese Thin Films

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Shi, Yujun Yuan, Min Wei, Mingyang Wang, Yueming Qin, Mingyang Wei, Zhongxu Hao, Zhiqiang Gao, Yune Song, Cuiying Zhao, Hongliang Chen, Yue Lian, Jie School of Science Tianjin University of Commerce Tianjin300134 China Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation Suzhou Institute of Nano-Techn and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou215123 China School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong University Qingdao266237 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

GeSe, a recently emerging IV-VI group two-dimensional material, holds significant potential for solar cell and spectral absorber applications due to its absorption characteristics. However, the influence of thin film thickness on optical properties remains underexplored. In this study, we achieve the modulation of GeSe thin films’ absorption (color filtration) and bandgap properties by varying their thickness. Non-destructive and highly accurate spectroscopic ellipsometry is employed to determine the complex optical constants, refractivity index n and extinction coefficient k, of GeSe films with different thicknesses. The multicolor phenomenon of GeSe, which can be adjusted through the thickness, is interpreted by the complementary color that the wavelength absorbed by the material, as analyzed from the calculated reflectivity derived from n and k. Furthermore, a linear negative correlation between the bandgap and film thickness is extracted by calculating the Tauc-plot (αhν)1/2, and we find that the bandgap owned 1.59 eV at 78.2 nm linearly reduced to 1.38 eV at 10.5 nm. Our findings provide a solid foundation for further research and practical applications, as the thickness control of GeSe’s optical properties and electronic structures opens up new possibilities in spectrally selective optical filters (color absorbers) and optoelectronic devices. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thin films

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In Situ Investigation of Si-Poisoning Effect in Al-Cu-Si Alloys Inoculated by Al-5Ti-1B

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第1期35卷 146-156页

作者： Yiwang Jia Dongfu Song Nan Zhou Kaihong Zheng Yanan Fu Da Shu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metal Toughening Technology and Application Institute of New MaterialsGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510650China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201204China Shanghai Key Lab of Advanced High-Temperature Materials and Precision Forming School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

In situ synchrotron X-radiography was carried out on Al-13 Cu and Al-13 Cu-7 Si alloys with and without addition of Al-5 Ti-1 B master *** effects of Si content on grain growth and the solute-suppressed nucleation zone(SSNZ)were quantitatively *** average grain size can be refined to 164μm of Al-13 Cu alloy inoculated by Al-5 *** addition of 7%Si content,a large number of TiB 2 sites in the melt lost the inoculating ability due to"Si poisoning."The radius of the dendrite tip curvature of Al-13 Cu is more than two times as large as that of Al-13 Cu-7 *** sharper tip is able to disperse the solute more effectively and thus grains can grow more *** causes that the dendrite arm growth rate with addition of 7%Si solute is about 2.6 times that of no Si *** addition,the solute enrichment in the SSNZ of Al-13 Cu is faster,and the area change of SSNZ is slower than that of Al-13 Cu-7 *** more nucleation sites in the SSNZ cannot be activated with addition of *** study will shed light on the understanding of Si poisoning in casting Al-Cu-Si alloys.

关键词： Al-Si alloy Dendrite tip Si poisoning X-ray radiography Al-5Ti-1B

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Ultra-sensitive Short-Wave Infrared Single-Photon Detection using a Silicon Single-Electron Transistor

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sudha, P. Miyagawa, S. Samanta, A. Moraru, D. Quantum/Nano-Science and Technology Lab Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Uttarakhand Roorkee247667 India Research Institute of Electronics Shizuoka University 3-5-1 Johoku Chuo-ku Hamamatsu432-8011 Japan Centre of Nanotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Uttarakhand Roorkee247667 India

Ultra-sensitive short-wave infrared (SWIR) photon detection is a crucial aspect of ongoing research in quantum technology. However, developing such detectors on a CMOS-compatible silicon technological platform has been challenging due to the low absorption coefficient for silicon in the SWIR range. In this study, a codoped silicon-based single-electron transistor (SET) in a silicon-on-insulator field-effect transistor (SOI-FET) configuration is fabricated, which successfully detects single photons in the SWIR range with ultra-high sensitivity. The detection mechanism is evidenced by the shift in the onset of the SET current peaks and by the occurrence of random telegraph signals (RTS) under light irradiation, as compared to the dark condition. The calculated sensitivity of our device, in terms of noise equivalent power, is approximately 10-19 W Hz-1/2 © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Single electron transistors

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Intrinsic and extrinsic anomalous transport properties of the Heusler ferromagnets Fe2CoAl and Fe2NiAl from first principles

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Physical Review B 2023年第22期107卷 224405-224405页

作者： Xiuxian Yang Wanxiang Feng Xiao-Ping Li Gui-Bin Liu Yuriy Mokrousov Yugui Yao Centre for Quantum Physics Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE) School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China School of Physical Science and Technology Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 China Institute of Physics Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 55099 Mainz Germany Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA 52425 Jülich Germany

Recently, Heusler ferromagnets have been found to exhibit unconventional anomalous electric, thermal, and thermoelectric transport properties. In this study, we employed first-principles density functional theory calculations to systematically investigate both intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to the anomalous Hall effect (AHE), anomalous Nernst effect (ANE), and anomalous thermal Hall effect (ATHE) in two Heusler ferromagnets: Fe2CoAl and Fe2NiAl. Our analysis reveals that the extrinsic mechanism originating from disorder dominates the AHE and ATHE in Fe2CoAl, primarily due to the steep band dispersions across the Fermi energy and corresponding high longitudinal electronic conductivity. Conversely, the intrinsic Berry phase mechanism, physically linked to nearly flat bands around the Fermi energy and gapped by spin-orbit interaction band crossings, governs the AHE and ATHE in Fe2NiAl. With respect to ANE, both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms are competing in Fe2CoAl as well as in Fe2NiAl. Furthermore, Fe2CoAl and Fe2NiAl exhibit tunable and remarkably pronounced anomalous transport properties. For instance, the anomalous Nernst and anomalous thermal Hall conductivities in Fe2NiAl attain giant values of 8.29 A/Km and 1.19 W/Km, respectively, at room temperature. To provide a useful comparison, we also thoroughly investigated the anomalous transport properties of Co2MnGa. Our findings suggest that Heusler ferromagnets Fe2CoAl and Fe2NiAl are promising candidates for spintronics and spin caloritronics applications.

关键词： Anomalous Hall effect Magnetism Transport phenomena Alloys

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In Situ Generated Ti³⁺-Mediated Photocatalytic Methanol Decomposition to Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen on a Rutile TiO₂(100) Surface

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Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2022年第11期13卷 2614-2618页

作者： Wu, Longxia Wu, Zongfang Wang, Zhengming Xu, Hong Chai, Peng Huang, Weixin Hefei National Laboratory For Physical Sciences At The Microscale Key Lab. Of Surf. And Interface Chemistry And Energy Catalysis Of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Department Of Chemical Physics University Of Science And Technology Of China Anhui Hefei 230026 China State Key Laboratory Of Fire Science University Of Science Of Technology Of China Anhui Hefei 230026 China Dalian National Laboratory For Clean Energy Chinese Academy Of Sciences Liaoning Dalian 116023 China

Photocatalysis of methanol on the TiO2 surface is a prototype of photocatalytic reactions. Here, we unveil a synergistic effect of photoexcited electrons and holes on converting methanol to CO and H2 on a rutile TiO2(100) surface. Upon Hg light irradiation, photoexcited holes oxidize methoxy species at the 5-fold coordinated Ti4+ sites sequentially to formaldehyde and formate intermediates, while photoexcited electrons reduce the associated Ti4+ sites to Ti3+ sites. The formate intermediates selectively decompose to CO and H2 mediated by the Ti3+ sites at elevated temperatures. These results greatly enrich methanol photochemistry on the TiO2 surface and point to a surface structure engineering strategy of oxide photocatalysts for photocatalytic direct methanol decomposition to CO and H2. © 2022 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Desorption Oxides Alcohols Annealing (metallurgy) Irradiation

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Feasibility of Li decorated Si6C14 and Si8C12 nanocages as promising hydrogen storage media: A computational study

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Jaiswal, Ankita Sahoo, Rakesh K. Sahu, Sridhar Computational Materials Research Lab Dept. of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Indian School of Mines Jharkhand Dhanbad826004 India Department of Physics Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Eachanari Tamil Nadu Coimbatore641021 India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa3600003 Israel

This article presents the reversible hydrogen storage capacities of Li decorated Si6C14 and Si8C12 using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The chemical stabilities of the designed Si6C14Li6 and Si8C12Li4 nanocages are investigated using HOMO-LUMO gaps and various global reactivity descriptors such as chemical hardness and electrophilicity index. Our study reveals that each Li atom decorated over the designed Si6C14 and Si8C12 nanocages can hold up to 5H2 molecules with adsorption energy lying in the optimum range of 0.14-0.085 eV, thereby yielding to an overall gravimetric density of 13.8% and 9.2% respectively. The interaction between adsorbed H2 molecules and the Li metal sites are found to occur via non-covalent and closed shell type of interaction. The H2 molecules are adsorbed in quasi-molecular fashion with elongated bond length. The molecular dynamics study reveals that most of the H2 molecules get desorbed from the designed host nanocages at 300K without causing any significant structural changes, which confirmed their reversibility. When the adsorption and desorption conditions are set at 100K/60bar and 240K/1bar respectively, the practical storage gravimetric densities of Si6C14Li6 and Si8C12Li4 cages are estimated to be 13.73 wt% and 9.08 wt%, which are relatively high in comparison to the US-DOE target of 5.5 wt% by the year 2020. Hence, the computationally designed Si6C14Li6 and Si8C12Li4 nanocages can be regarded as prospective systems for hydrogen storage applications. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Multimodal anti-counterfeiting based on CsPbBr3/Er3+-codoped tellurite glass phosphor

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Optics Letters 2025年第11期50卷 3501-3504页

作者： Niu, Luyue Wu, Ziyang Li, Wenhao Zhang, Yudong Gao, Yu Gao, Zhigang Li, Liang Ren, Jing Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa999078 China Key Lab of In-Fiber Integrated Optics Ministry Education of China Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China College of Mathematics and Physics Yibin University Yibin644000 China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Taishan University Taian271021 China

This work presents a novel, to the best of our knowledge, multimodal anti-counterfeiting (AC) phosphor based on CsPbBr3/Er3+-codoped tellurite glass powders. Benefiting from the sensitization effect of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) on Er3+, the photoluminescence (PL) excitation band of Er3+ is greatly extended, permitting far more excitation channels that offer unique near-infrared (NIR) emission properties absent in conventional Er3+-doped phosphors. This innovation enables encrypted information identification invisible to the naked eye and smartphones but detectable by commercial NIR cameras, with additional upconversion luminescence under 980 nm excitation for smartphone-based detection. Our study explores the energy transfer mechanisms between CsPbBr3 and Er3+, demonstrating the potential of these glasses in advanced optical and security technologies. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Knowledge engineering

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Translate your gibberish: black-box adversarial attack on machine translation systems

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Chertkov, Andrei Tsymboi, Olga Pautov, Mikhail Oseledets, Ivan Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Moscow Russia Institute of Numerical Mathematics Russian Academy of Sciences Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Moscow Russia Sber AI Lab Moscow Russia AIRI Moscow Russia

Neural networks are deployed widely in natural language processing tasks on the industrial scale, and perhaps the most often they are used as compounds of automatic machine translation systems. In this work, we present a simple approach to fool state-of-the-art machine translation tools in the task of translation from Russian to English and vice versa. Using a novel black-box gradient-free tensor-based optimizer, we show that many online translation tools, such as Google, DeepL, and Yandex, may both produce wrong or offensive translations for nonsensical adversarial input queries and refuse to translate seemingly benign input phrases. This vulnerability may interfere with understanding a new language and simply worsen the user’s experience while using machine translation systems, and, hence, additional improvements of these tools are required to establish better translation. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Computer aided language translation

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