Dot product kernels, such as polynomial and exponential (softmax) kernels, are among the most widely used kernels in machine learning, as they enable modeling the interactions between input features, which is crucial ...
Today, manga has gained worldwide popularity. However, the question of how various elements of manga, such as characters, text, and panel layouts, reflect the uniqueness of a particular work, or even define it, remain...
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Standing in line poses a significant challenge for the visually impaired. Existing queue guidance systems, which recognize line locations and estimate personal orientation, require highspecification computers, making ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798331528041
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331528058
Standing in line poses a significant challenge for the visually impaired. Existing queue guidance systems, which recognize line locations and estimate personal orientation, require highspecification computers, making them impractical for everyday use. This study proposes a smartphone-based queue guidance system that leverages the device's camera and sensors to estimate personal orientation efficiently. By optimizing computationally efficient algorithms for smartphone hardware, we aim to create an accessible, cost-effective solution. This system will enhance the independence and mobility of visually impaired individuals, providing real-time guidance to navigate queues seamlessly. Initial testing indicates promising usability and accuracy, paving the way for broader implementation.
We introduce the Approximated Optimal Transport (AOT) technique, a novel training scheme for diffusion-based generative models. Our approach aims to approximate and integrate optimal transport into the training proces...
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Human Context Recognition (HCR) from smartphone sensor data is a crucial task for Context-Aware (CA) systems, such as those targeting the healthcare and security domains. HCR models deployed in the wild are susceptibl...
Human Context Recognition (HCR) from smartphone sensor data is a crucial task for Context-Aware (CA) systems, such as those targeting the healthcare and security domains. HCR models deployed in the wild are susceptible to adversarial attacks, wherein an adversary perturbs input sensor values to cause malicious mis-classifications. In this study, we demonstrate evasion attacks that can be perpetuated during model inference, particularly input perturbations that are adversarially calibrated to fool classifiers. In contrast to white-box methods that require impractical levels of system access, black-box evasion attacks merely require the ability to query the model with arbitrary inputs. Specifically, we generate adversarial perturbations using only class confidence scores, as in the Zoo attack, or only class decisions, as in the HopSkipJump (HSJ) attack that correspond with plausible scenarios of possible adversarial attacks. We empirically demonstrate that sophisticated adversarial evasion attacks can significantly impair the accuracy of HCR models, resulting in a performance drop of up to 60% in f1-score. We also propose RobustHCR, an innovative framework for demonstrating and defending against black box evasion threats using a provable defense based on a duality-based network. RobustHCR is able to make reliable predictions regardless of whether its input is under attack or not, effectively mitigating the potential negative impacts caused by adversarial attacks. Rigorous evaluation on both scripted and in-the-wild smartphone HCR datasets demonstrates that RobustHCR can significantly improve the HCR model’s robustness and protect it from possible evasion attacks while maintaining acceptable performance on "clean" inputs. In particular, an HCR model with integrated RobustHCR defenses experienced an f1-score reduction of about 3% as opposed to a reduction of over 50% for an HCR model without a defense.
With the advance of artificial intelligence and natural language processing technology, a new tool is standing out in the field of understanding and generating natural language in a sophisticated way: the Large Langua...
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Food sustainability is still one of the main priorities for many countries as it contributes to the economy and stability of the nation. For government in many countries whose peoples consumes rice as its staple food,...
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DNA is one part of a biological sequence other than RNA and protein. DNA is a nucleic acid that stores all the unique biological information of every living thing and several viruses. Someone who has an illness can be...
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