检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Association Between Use of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors or Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor and the Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease With Coexisting Diabetes and Heart Failure

引用

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2024年 29卷

作者： Lin, Ya-Wen Lin, Chun-Hsiang Lin, Cheng-Li Lin, Che-Huei Lin, Ming-Hung School of Nursing China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Nursing HungKuang University Taichung Taiwan Department of Neurology Yuanlin Christian Hospital Changhua County Yuanlin Taiwan Management Office for Health Data China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Pharmacy and Master Program Tajen University Pingtung Taiwan Department of Nursing National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan

Purpose: This study was to investigate the association between the use of Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) or angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI;ie, Sacubitril + valsartan, Product name ENTRESTO) and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in patients with coexisting diabetes and heart failure. Specifically, the study compared outcomes between patients using SGLT2i or valsartan + sacubitril and those not using these medications. Methods: This study utilized data from the National Health Insurance Research database (NHIRD) from 2017 to 2018. The case group consisted of 8691 patients with coexisting diabetes and heart failure who did not use SGLT2i or Entresto, while the control group consisted of 8691 patients with coexisting diabetes and heart failure who used SGLT2i or Entresto. The primary outcome was ASCVD, including a composite of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for worsening heart failure. Secondary outcomes included all-cause death, cause of cardiovascular death, and recurrence of heart failure, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke (including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke) and new renal replacement therapy. Results: The study found that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors or ARNI was associated with a lower risk of ASCVD in patients with coexisting diabetes and heart failure. Conclusion: The study suggests that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors, alone or in combination with Entresto, may be effective in reducing the risk of ASCVD and its associated adverse outcomes in patients with diabetes and heart failure. This finding has important implications for the management of these conditions. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： ARNI atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease heart failure SGLT2 inhibitors

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

One City, Two Tales: Using Mobility Networks to Understand Neighborhood Resilience and Fragility during the COVID-19 Pandemic

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Boz, Hasan Alp Bahrami, Mohsen Balcisoy, Selim Bozkaya, Burcin Mazar, Nina Nichols, Aaron Pentland, Alex Sabanci University Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Istanbul34956 Turkey Massachusetts Institute of Technology Institute for Data Systems and Society CambridgeMA02139 United States New College of Florida The Graduate Program in Applied Data Science 5800 Bay Shore Rd SarasotaFL34243 United States Boston University Questrom School of Business BostonMA02215 United States

What predicts a neighborhood’s resilience and adaptability to essential public health policies and shelter-in-place regulations that prevent the harmful spread of COVID-19? To answer this question, in this paper we present a novel application of human mobility patterns and human behavior in a network setting. We analyze mobility data in New York City over two years, from January 2019 to December 2020, and create weekly mobility networks between Census Block Groups by aggregating Point of Interest level visit patterns. Our results suggest that both the socioeconomic and geographic attributes of neighborhoods significantly predict neighborhood adaptability to the shelter-in-place policies active at that time. That is, our findings and simulation results reveal that in addition to factors such as race, education, and income, geographical attributes such as access to amenities in a neighborhood that satisfy community needs were equally important factors for predicting neighborhood adaptability and the spread of COVID-19. The results of our study provide insights that can enhance urban planning strategies that contribute to pandemic alleviation efforts, which in turn may help urban areas become more resilient to exogenous shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： COVID-19

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Towards Robust Natural-Looking Mammography Lesion Synthesis on Ipsilateral Dual-Views Breast Cancer Analysis

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Nguyen, Thanh-Huy Kha, Quang Hien Truong, Thai Ngoc Toan Lam, Ba Thinh Ngo, Ba Hung Dinh, Quang Vinh Le, Nguyen Quoc Khanh Department of Biomedical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Viet Nam Ho Chi Minh City International University Viet Nam Graduate School of Data Science Chonnam National University Korea Republic of Vietnamese-German University Viet Nam Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Taiwan

In recent years, many mammographic image analysis methods have been introduced for improving cancer classification tasks. Two major issues of mammogram classification tasks are leveraging multi-view mammographic information and class-imbalance handling. In the first problem, many multi-view methods have been released for concatenating features of two or more views for the training and inference stage. Having said that, most multi-view existing methods are not explainable in the meaning of feature fusion, and treat many views equally for diagnosing. Our work aims to propose a simple but novel method for enhancing examined view (main view) by leveraging low-level feature information from the auxiliary view (ipsilateral view) before learning the high-level feature that contains the cancerous features. For the second issue, we also propose a simple but novel malignant mammogram synthesis framework for upsampling minor class samples. Our easy-to-implement and no-training framework has eliminated the current limitation of the CutMix algorithm which are unreliable synthesized images with random pasted patches, hard-contour problems, and domain shift problems. Our results on VinDr-Mammo and CMMD datasets show the effectiveness of our two new frameworks for both multi-view training and synthesizing mammographic images, outperforming the previous conventional methods in our experimental settings. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Mammography

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

What we should learn from pandemic publishing

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Sikdar, Satyaki Venturini, Sara Charpignon, Marie-Laure Kumar, Sagar Rinaldi, Francesco Tudisco, Francesco Fortunato, Santo Majumder, Maimuna S. Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Department of Computer Science Loyola University Chicago ChicagoIL United States Senseable City Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Department of Mathematics "Tullio Levi-Civita" University of Padova Padova Italy Institute for Data Systems and Society Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Network Science Institute Northeastern University BostonMA United States School of Mathematics The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom School of Mathematics Gran Sasso Science Institute L’Aquila Italy Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Computational Health Informatics Program Boston Children’s Hospital BostonMA United States

Since the emergence of COVID-19, discussions of ongoing pandemic-related research have accounted for an unprecedented share of media coverage and debate in the public sphere1. The urgency of the pandemic forced researchers to operate on an accelerated timeline, as both policymakers and the public relied on the most current evidence to guide their decisions and behaviors. With high demand for rapid pandemic-related insights and lower barriers to entry via preprint servers, the volume of COVID-19 articles skyrocketed2. The pressing need for research triggered the participation of many researchers with expertise in the science of infectious disease outbreaks (‘outbreak scientists’), who were joined by researchers from other disciplines (‘bellwethers’) and more junior researchers still in training (‘newcomers’) with the common goal of advancing the frontiers of pandemic science and informing policy decisions3. Please see Box 1 for details of this taxonomy. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： COVID-19

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of sodium alginate-poly(acrylic acid) cross-linked hydrogel beads on soil conditioner in the absence and presence of phosphate and carbonate ions

引用

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering 2024年 9卷

作者： Hidayat, Endar Sarbani, Nur Maisarah Mohamad Lahiri, Sudip Kumar Samitsu, Sadaki Yonemura, Seiichiro Mitoma, Yoshiharu Harada, Hiroyuki Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research Program in Biological System Sciences Prefectural University of Hiroshima Shobara 727-0023 Japan Department of Life System Science Faculty of Bioresources Science Prefectural University of Hiroshima Shobara 727-0023 Japan Data-driven Polymer Design Group Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials National Institute for Materials Science 1−2−1 Sengen Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Toronto M5S 3G8 ON Canada Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute Chettinad Academy of Research and Education Tamil Nadu Kelambakkam 603103 India

Hydrogel beads, composed of polymers, possess the ability to absorb substantial quantities of water simultaneously and gradually release it in dry conditions. In this work, hydrogel beads were synthesized using sodium alginate (S-Alg) and poly (acrylic acid) (P-Acc), either in the absence or presence of phosphate (PO₄ ³⁻) (S-Alg/P-Acc@PO₄ ³⁻) and carbonate (CO₃ ²⁻) anionic ions (S-Alg/P-Acc@CO₃ ²⁻). Subsequently, these beads were crosslinked with Ca²⁺ ions. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated that the presence of anionic ions has an impact on the structure of the hydrogel beads and enhances porosity expansion while concurrently reducing the concentration of carboxyl (COOH) groups. The hydrogel beads exhibited a great swelling behavior, with S-Alg/P-Acc@CO₃ ²⁻ capable of absorbing up to 73.5 % of water in acidic conditions, but decreased under neutral and basic conditions. Soil water loss (SWL) experiments confirmed the ability of hydrogel beads to retain water in the soil. Additionally, observations of soil characteristics after a 14-day treatment revealed no significant difference in pH and C/N ratio (P-value <0.05). However, soil's available Fe and N–NO₃ ^- significantly reduced (P-value <0.05) while substantially promoting soil N–NH₄ ⁺, available phosphorus (P), cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic carbon (SOC), and exchangeable cation (Ca²⁺, K⁺ and Mg²⁺). The presence of hydroxyl (-OH) and –COOH groups was found to be crucial for enhancing soil properties. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Anionic ions Hydrogel beads Poly (acrylic acid) Sodium alginate Soil characteristics Soil water retention Swelling

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Toward spatially unbiased generative models

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Choi, Jooyoung Lee, Jungbeom Jeong, Yonghyun Yoon, Sungroh Data Science and AI Laboratory Seoul National University Korea Republic of ASRI INMC Interdisciplinary Program in AI Seoul National University Korea Republic of AI Research Team Samsung SDS

Recent image generation models show remarkable generation performance. However, they mirror strong location preference in datasets, which we call spatial bias. Therefore, generators render poor samples at unseen locations and scales. We argue that the generators rely on their implicit positional encoding to render spatial content. From our observations, the generator's implicit positional encoding is translation-variant, making the generator spatially biased. To address this issue, we propose injecting explicit positional encoding at each scale of the generator. By learning the spatially unbiased generator, we facilitate the robust use of generators in multiple tasks, such as GAN inversion, multi-scale generation, generation of arbitrary sizes and aspect ratios. Furthermore, we show that our method can also be applied to denoising diffusion probabilistic models. Our code is available at: https://***/jychoi118/toward_spatial_unbiased. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Signal encoding

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A holistic exploration of the potentially recoverable redshift information of Stage IV galaxy surveys

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Scott, Bryan R. Malz, Alex I. Sorba, Robert Northwestern University 1800 Sherman Ave 8th Floor EvanstonIL60201 United States LSST Discovery Alliance Data Science Fellowship Program United States McWilliams Center for Cosmology and Astrophysics Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University United States Institute for Computational Astrophysics Saint Mary’s University 923 Robie Street HalifaxNSB3H 3C3 Canada

Extragalactic science and cosmology with Stage IV galaxy surveys will rely almost exclusively on redshift measurements derived solely from photometry, which are subject to systematic and statistical uncertainties with numerous analysis choices, such as that of an estimator and prior information and no universal solution. Single-survey photometric redshift estimates ought to be improved by combining data from multiple surveys, with common wisdom asserting that optical data benefits from additional infrared coverage but not from additional ultraviolet coverage. The degree of improvement for either case is not well-characterized and attempts to quantify it necessitate assumptions of a chosen estimator and its prior information. We apply an information theoretic metric of potentially recoverable redshift information to assess the impact of multi-survey photometry combinations without assuming an estimator nor priors in the context of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) in the optical, Roman and Euclid Surveys in the infrared, and Cosmological Advanced Survey Telescope for Optical-UV Research (CASTOR) in the ultraviolet. We conclude that the addition of UV photometry can benefit redshift determination of certain galaxy populations, but that gain is tempered by their decreased chance of meeting detection criteria at higher wavelengths. We explore the spectral energy distribution (SEDs) of galaxies whose potentially recoverable redshift information is most impacted by additional photometry to provide a basis for future evaluation of which science cases may motivate which combinations. The holistic assessment approach we develop here is generic and may be applied to quantify the impact of combining photometric datasets, changing experimental design choices, including observing strategy optimization, and evaluating systematics mitigation procedures. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Cosmology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

AligNART: Non-autoregressive neural machine translation by jointly learning to estimate alignment and translate

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Song, Jongyoon Kim, Sungwon Yoon, Sungroh Data Science and AI Laboratory Seoul National University Korea Republic of Kakao Enterprise Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University Korea Republic of Kakao Enterprise

Non-autoregressive neural machine translation (NART) models suffer from the multi-modality problem which causes translation inconsistency such as token repetition. Most recent approaches have attempted to solve this problem by implicitly modeling dependencies between outputs. In this paper, we introduce AligNART, which leverages full alignment information to explicitly reduce the modality of the target distribution. AligNART divides the machine translation task into (i) alignment estimation and (ii) translation with aligned decoder inputs, guiding the decoder to focus on simplified one-to-one translation. To alleviate the alignment estimation problem, we further propose a novel alignment decomposition method. Our experiments show that AligNART outperforms previous non-iterative NART models that focus on explicit modality reduction on WMT14 En↔De and WMT16 Ro→En. Furthermore, AligNART achieves BLEU scores comparable to those of the state-of-the-art connectionist temporal classification based models on WMT14 En↔De. We also observe that AligNART effectively addresses the token repetition problem even without sequence-level knowledge distillation. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neural machine translation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Accurately predicting anticancer peptide using an ensemble of heterogeneously trained classifiers

引用

Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2023年 42卷

作者： Azim, Sayed Mehedi Sabab, Noor Hossain Nuri Noshadi, Iman Alinejad-Rokny, Hamid Sharma, Alok Shatabda, Swakkhar Dehzangi, Iman Center for Computational and Integrative Biology Rutgers University Camden 08102 NJ United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering United International University Plot 2 United City Madani Avenue BaddaDhaka 1212 Bangladesh Department of Bioengineering University of California Riverside 92507 CA United States BioMedical Machine Learning Lab The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney) Sydney NSW 2052 Australia UNSW Data Science Hub UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Health Data Analytics Program AI-enabled Processes Research Centre Macquarie University Sydney 2109 Australia Institute for Integrated and Intelligent Systems Griffith University Brisbane Australia Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama 230-0045 Japan Department of Computer Science Rutgers University Camden 08102 NJ United States

The use of therapeutic peptides for the treatment of cancer has received tremendous attention in recent years. Anticancer peptides (ACPs) are considered new anticancer drugs which have several advantages over chemistry-based drugs including high specificity, strong tumor penetration capacity, and low toxicity level for normal cells. Due to the rise of experimentally verified bioactive peptides, several in silico approaches became imperative for the investigation of the characteristics of ACPs. In this paper, we proposed a new machine learning tool named iACP-RF that uses a combination of several sequence-based features and an ensemble of three heterogeneously trained Random Forest classifiers to accurately predict anticancer peptides. Experimental results show that our proposed model achieves an accuracy of 75.9% which outperforms other state-of-the-art methods by a significant margin. We also achieve 0.52, 75.6%, and 76.2% in terms of Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Sensitivity, and Specificity, respectively. iACP-RF as a standalone tool and its source code are publicly available at: https://***/MLBC-lab/iACP-RF. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Anticancer peptides Ensemble learning Feature extraction Heterogeneous classifiers Machine learning Random Forest

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

ILVR: Conditioning method for denoising diffusion probabilistic models

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Choi, Jooyoung Kim, Sungwon Jeong, Yonghyun Gwon, Youngjune Yoon, Sungroh Data Science and AI Laboratory Seoul National University Korea Republic of ASRI INMC Interdisciplinary Program in AI Seoul National University Korea Republic of AI Research Team Samsung SDS

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPM) have shown remarkable performance in unconditional image generation. However, due to the stochasticity of the generative process in DDPM, it is challenging to generate images with the desired semantics. In this work, we propose Iterative Latent Variable Refinement (ILVR), a method to guide the generative process in DDPM to generate high-quality images based on a given reference image. Here, the refinement of the generative process in DDPM enables a single DDPM to sample images from various sets directed by the reference image. The proposed ILVR method generates high-quality images while controlling the generation. The controllability of our method allows adaptation of a single DDPM without any additional learning in various image generation tasks, such as generation from various downsampling factors, multi-domain image translation, paint-to-image, and editing with scribbles. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Iterative methods

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：