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Pool Water Acidity Gauge Using Fuzzy Mamdani Method

Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1361卷

作者： Abdul Jabbar Lubis Ummul Khair Arnes Sembiring Ade Zulkarnain Dodi Siregar Student Doctor of Philosophy Computer Engineering Universitiy Malaysia Perlis Study Program of Informatics Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Universitas Harapan Medan Jl. H.M. Jhoni No. 70 C Medan 20217 Indonesia

Swimming pool is one of the means of sports and play that is fun. Swimming pools must also be considered clean. In order to be replaced with new water. The goal is so that pool users are not infected with infectious diseases due to the dirty water inside the pool. The Mamdani method is the most common method when discussing fuzzy methodology. It was Ebrahim Mamdani who first proposed this method in 1975 when building a steam engine and boiler control system. Mamdani uses a collection of IF-THEN rules obtained from experienced operators / experts. Mamdani's work is actually based on the article 'The Father of Fuzzy, Lotfi A. Zadeh: fuzzy algorithms for complex systems and decision processes.

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Impact of latex coagulant various from rubber industry in South Sumatera

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2021年第1期2344卷

作者： Ferly Oktriyedi Muhammad Hatta Dahlan Irfannuddin Ngudiantoro 1Study Program of Environmental Science Sriwijaya University Jl. Raya Palembang - Prabumulih Km. 32 North Indralaya Ogan Ilir South Sumatera 30662 Indonesia 2Faculty of Engineering Sriwijaya University Jl. Raya Palembang - Prabumulih Km. 32 North Indralaya Ogan Ilir South Sumatera 30662 Indonesia 3Faculty of Medicine Sriwijaya University Jl. Raya Palembang - Prabumulih Km. 32 North Indralaya Ogan Ilir South Sumatera 30662 Indonesia 4Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Sriwijaya University Jl. Raya Palembang - Prabumulih Km. 32 North Indralaya Ogan Ilir South Sumatera 30662 Indonesia

Rubber commodity is one of the superior commodities in South Sumatra. The main problem of the rubber industry that remains unsolved is that the product has a low quality due to poor handling of its raw material. Most farmers, in South Sumatera, often uses coagulant that are not recommended, namely sulfuric acid or para vinegar, alum, TSP fertilizer, a combination of para and alum vinegar, and others such as yam, and tempe washing water. Para vinegar, TSP fertilizer, alum and pineapple/ pineapple juice are acidic which cause smells of ammonia and sulfides. The liquid waste generated in the material process pollutes the environment if it is not properly intervened. Material handling in a rubber factory causes several illnesses for workers. However, the correlation of pollutants with these illnesses are not yet and become the focal point of this report.

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Soil organic matter in various land uses and management, and its accuracy measurement using near infrared technology

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and engineering 2020年第3期830卷

作者： B H Kusumo A Purwanto H Idris S Sukartono L E Susilowati B Bustan Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram JL. Majapahit 62 Mataram Lombok NTB Indonesia Postgraduate Studies University of Mataram JL. Pendidikan 37 Mataram Lombok NTB Indonesia Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering IPB University Indonesia Forestry Study Program Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram JL. Pendidikan 37 Mataram Lombok NTB Indonesia

The aim of this study is to investigate the soil organic matter (SOM) status in various land uses and management in Kayangan Sub-District, North Lombok, and its accuracy measurement using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). A total of 100 soil samples (0-10 cm depth) were collected from several land uses and management (rain-fed areas, irrigated areas, areas planted 1-3 times with seasonal crops, areas planted with 1-3 perennial plants) in the study area, which were dried, ground and sieved, then analyzed using Walkley and Black method and scanned using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Partial least square regression (PLSR) was used to create SOM prediction models. The results showed that the SOM content varied from very low to moderate with most of them were low. The content of SOM was significantly higher in the irrigated areas compared to that of in the rain-fed areas, and also higher in the areas planted with seasonal crops 3 times a year compared to the areas planted 1-2 times a year. SOM content was higher in areas planted with 2-3 types of perennial plants, compared to with 1 type of perennial plant. NIRS technology was moderately accurate in measuring SOM, which can be used to monitor spatially changes in SOM.

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Evolution leads to a diversity of motion-detection neuronal circuits

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Tehrani-Saleh, Ali LaBar, Thomas Adami, Christoph Department of Computer Science and Engineering BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Program in Ecology Evolutionary Biology and Behavior Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States

A central goal of evolutionary biology is to explain the origins and distribution of diversity across life. Beyond species or genetic diversity, we also observe diversity in the circuits (genetic or otherwise) underlying complex functional traits. However, while the theory behind the origins and maintenance of genetic and species diversity has been studied for decades, theory concerning the origin of diverse functional circuits is still in its infancy. It is not known how many different circuit structures can implement any given function, which evolutionary factors lead to different circuits, and whether the evolution of a particular circuit was due to adaptive or non-adaptive processes. Here, we use digital experimental evolution to study the diversity of neural circuits that encode motion detection in digital (artificial) brains. We find that evolution leads to an enormous diversity of potential neural architectures encoding motion detection circuits, even for circuits encoding the exact same function. Evolved circuits vary in both redundancy and complexity (as previously found in genetic circuits) suggesting that similar evolutionary principles underlie circuit formation using any substrate. We also show that a simple (designed) motion detection circuit that is optimally-adapted gains in complexity when evolved further, and that selection for mutational robustness led this gain in complexity. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Motion analysis

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The Black Hole Explorer: Motivation and Vision

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Johnson, Michael D. Akiyama, Kazunori Baturin, Rebecca Bilyeu, Bryan Blackburn, Lindy Boroson, Don Cárdenas-Avendaño, Alejandro Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-Kwan Chang, Dominic Cheimets, Peter Chou, Cathy Doeleman, Sheperd S. Farah, Joseph Galison, Peter Gamble, Ronald Gammie, Charles F. Gelles, Zachary Gómez, José L. Gralla, Samuel E. Grimes, Paul Gurvits, Leonid I. Hadar, Shahar Haworth, Kari Hada, Kazuhiro Hecht, Michael H. Honma, Mareki Houston, Janice Hudson, Ben Issaoun, Sara Jia, He Jorstad, Svetlana Kauffmann, Jens Kovalev, Yuri Y. Kurczynski, Peter Lafon, Robert Lupsasca, Alexandru Lehmensiek, Robert Ma, Chung-Pei Marrone, Daniel P. Marscher, Alan P. Melnick, Gary J. Narayan, Ramesh Niinuma, Kotaro Noble, Scott C. Palmer, Eric J. Palumbo, Daniel C.M. Paritsky, Lenny Peretz, Eliad Pesce, Dominic Plavin, Alexander Quataert, Eliot Rana, Hannah Ricarte, Angelo Roelofs, Freek Shtyrkova, Katia Sinclair, Laura C. Small, Jeffrey Kumara, Sridharan Tirupati Srinivasan, Ranjani Strominger, Andrew Tiede, Paul Tong, Edward Wang, Jade Weintroub, Jonathan Wielgus, Maciek Wong, George Zhang, Xinyue Alice Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Black Hole Initiative Harvard University 20 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Haystack Observatory Massachusetts Institute of Technology WestfordMA01886 United States Mizusawa VLBI Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Iwate023-0861 Japan MIT Lincoln Laboratory LexingtonMA02421 United States Princeton Gravity Initiative Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy University of Arizona 933 N. Cherry Ave. TucsonAZ85721 United States Data Science Institute University of Arizona 1230 N. Cherry Ave. TucsonAZ85721 United States Program in Applied Mathematics University of Arizona 617 N. Santa Rita TucsonAZ85721 United States Las Cumbres Observatory 6740 Cortona Drive GoletaCA93117-5575 United States Department of Physics University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106-9530 United States Department of History of Science Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Departments of Astronomy and of Physics University of Illinois UrbanaIL61801 United States Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Department of Physics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85719 United States Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC Dwingeloo7991PD Netherlands Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft2629 HS Netherlands Department of Mathematics and Physics University of Haifa at Oranim Kiryat Tivon3600600 Israel Haifa Research Center for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Haifa Haifa3498838 Israel 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-

We present the Black Hole Explorer (BHEX), a mission that will produce the sharpest images in the history of astronomy by extending submillimeter Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) to space. BHEX will discover and measure the bright and narrow "photon ring" that is predicted to exist in images of black holes, produced from light that has orbited the black hole before escaping. This discovery will expose universal features of a black hole's spacetime that are distinct from the complex astrophysics of the emitting plasma, allowing the first direct measurements of a supermassive black hole's spin. In addition to studying the properties of the nearby supermassive black holes M87*and Sgr A*, BHEX will measure the properties of dozens of additional supermassive black holes, providing crucial insights into the processes that drive their creation and growth. BHEX will also connect these supermassive black holes to their relativistic jets, elucidating the power source for the brightest and most efficient engines in the universe. BHEX will address fundamental open questions in the physics and astrophysics of black holes that cannot be answered without submillimeter space VLBI. The mission is enabled by recent technological breakthroughs, including the development of ultra-high-speed downlink using laser communications, and it leverages billions of dollars of existing ground infrastructure. We present the motivation for BHEX, its science goals and associated requirements, and the pathway to launch within the next decade. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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Quantifying the trade-offs between energy consumption and salt removal rate in membrane-free cation intercalation desalination

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Liu, Sizhe Smith, Kyle C. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Computational Science and Engineering Program University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Study University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

Electrochemical desalination devices that use redox-active cation intercalation electrodes show promise for desalination of salt-rich water resources with high water recovery and low energy consumption. While previous modeling and experiments used ion-exchange membranes to maximize charge efciency, here a membrane-free alternative is evaluated to reduce capital cost by using a porous diaphragm to separate Na1+xNiFe(CN)6 electrodes. Two-dimensional porous-electrode modeling shows that, while charge eficiency losses are inherent to a diaphragm-based architecture, charge eficiency values approaching the anion transference number (61% for NaCl) are achievable for diaphragms with suFIciently low salt conductance. Closed-form equations are thereby derived that relate charge eficiency to the non-dimensional Pfeclet and Damkohler numbers that enable the selection of current and ow velocity to produce a desired degree-of-desalination. Simulations using these conditions are used to quantify the tradeo_s between energy consumption and salt removal rate for diaphragmbased cells operated at a range of currents. The simulated distributions of reactions are shown to result from the local salt concentration variations within electrodes using di_usion-potential theory. We also simulate the cycling dynamics of various ow configurations and show that ow-through electrodes exceed the degree-of-desalination compared with ow-by and ow-behind configurations due to solution stagnation within electrodes. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Desalination

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Three-dimensional bioprinted glioblastoma microenvironments model cellular dependencies and immune interactions

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细胞研究（英文版） 2020年第10期30卷 833-853页

作者： Min Tang Qi Xie Ryan C.Gimple Zheng Zhong Trevor Tam Jing Tian Reilly L.Kidwell Qiulian Wu Briana C.Prager Zhixin Qiu Aaron Yu Zhe Zhu Pinar Mesci Hui Jing Jacob Schimelman Pengrui Wang Derrick Lee Michael H.Lorenzini Deobrat Dixit Linjie Zhao Shruti Bhargava Tyler E.Miller Xueyi Wan Jing Tang Bingjie Sun Benjamin F.Cravatt Alysson R.Muotri Shaochen Chen Jeremy N.Rich Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA Division of Regenerative Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92037 USA Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine 2880 Torrey Pines Scenic Drive La Jolla CA 92037 USA School of Life Sciences Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310024 China Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translation Research of Zhejiang Province School of Life Sciences Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310024 China Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced Study Hangzhou Zhejiang 310024 China Department of Pathology Case Western University Cleveland OH USA Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute Cleveland OHUSA Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine School of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA Department of Pediatrics/Rady Children's Hospital San Diego School of Medicine University of California San Diego ka Jolla CA 92093 USA The Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA Department of Pathology and Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA Division of Biological Sciences University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind University of California San Diego La JollaCA 92093 USA Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA) La Jolla CA 92093 USA Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA Department of Neurosciences School of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92037 USA

Brain tumors are dynamic complex ecosystems with multiple cell *** model the brain tumor microenvironment in a reproducible and scalable system,we developed a rapid three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting method to construct clinically relevant biomimetic tissue *** recurrent glioblastoma,macrophages/microglia prominently contribute to the tumor *** parse the function of macrophages in 3D,we compared the growth of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) alone or with astrocytes and neural precursor cells in a hyaluronic acid-rich hydrogel,with or without *** constructs integrating macrophage recapitulate patient-derived transcriptional profiles predictive of patient survival,maintenance of stemness,invasion,and drug ***-genome CRISPR screening with bioprinted complex systems identified unique molecular dependencies in GSCs,relative to sphere *** bioprinted models serve as a scalable and physiologic platform to interrogate drug sensitivity,cellular crosstalk,invasion,context-specific functional dependencies,as well as immunologic interactions in a speciesmatched neural environment.

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Chemistry in context: The development of hydrocarbon chemistry and petroleum module based on vehicle case

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1156卷

作者： Febrianto A Wiyarsi C F Partana B Sulistyo Study Program of Chemistry Education Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Chemistry Education Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia Automotive Engineering Education Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the characteristic, feasibility, teachers' and students' responses of Hydrocarbon Chemistry and Petroleum (HCP) module based on the context of vehicle case on automotive engineering. Exploratory mixed method has been employed in this research. The research procedures used four steps including qualitative, development, quantitative, and interpretation step. The instruments used to collect the data consisting the three questionnaires, one open questionnaire to obtain the validation and two close questionnaires to collect the teachers and students' responses toward the HCP module. HCP module based on the context of vehicle case on automotive engineering program was yielded as a result of this reseach. The characteristic of research product was integrating between chemistry and automotive subject based on basic competence of curriculum and integrated by vehicle context in first chapter, concept map, activities, examples, and exercise. A group of experts consisting two lectures were confirmed that the HCP module has a correct chemistry content. A very good category was given as the response of the teacher. Moreover, the students response were very interest toward the HCP module. The students and the tachers could be utilize the HCP module as learning sources reference to gain a succesfull chemistry learning.

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Automotive engineering chemistry module: Exploring acid base and electrochemistry topic in vehicle context

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1156卷

作者： H Febiana C F Partana A Wiyarsi B Sulistyo Study Program of Chemistry Education Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia Chemistry Education Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia Automotive Engineering Education Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia

The research purposed to analyze the characteristics of chemistry module on acid-base and electrochemistry topic based on vehicle context, to analyze the feasibility of module according to chemistry learning experts and to analyze the response of chemistry teachers and students of Automotive engineering program (AEP) about this module. This research using mixed methods and exploratory model design. The data collected from expert validation sheets also teachers and students response questionnaire. Technique of data analysis begins by converting qualitative data into quantitative data using Likert scales. Furthermore, the total and average score of each component can be determined from the quantitative data. The result of the average scores were converted into qualitative feasibility criteria according to the rating category. The product of the development was a chemistry module on acid-base and electrochemistry topic based on vehicle context for students in AEP. The experts considered feasibility of the module. This module had assessed by 5 teachers and 10 students. The module assessed by teachers showed a very good response while the module assessed by students showed a good response. Therefore, this module is feasible and can be used as a learning resource for students of AEP to enhance quality of chemistry learning.

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Activated carbon characteristics of tabah bamboo that physically activated under different activation time

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and engineering 2019年第1期539卷

作者： D N K P Negara T G T Nindhia I W Surata M Sucipta F Hidajat Doctoral Study Program of Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Kampus Sudirman Denpasar-Bali Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department of Udayana University Street of Bukit Jimbaran Badung Bali Indonesia PPPTMGB 'Lemigas' Jl. Ciledug Raya Kav. 109 Jakarta Selatan 12230

Activated carbon is a versatile porous material that widely applied to purify, deodorize, decolorize, remove or reduce some gases harmful constituents and storage of gas. For different application different characteristics of activated carbon is required. This paper concerns to find out the characteristics of activated carbons derived from tabah bamboo (Gigantochloc nigrociliata) that physically activated with different activation holding time. Prepared tabah bamboo was carbonized by heating up to the temperature of 800 °C for two hours. The char produced was powdered and then activated physically by heating up to 800 °C, soaked at that temperature during each 1, 1.5 and 2 hours under 100 mL/min N2 flow. Activated carbons manufactured were characterized by proximate and ultimate analyses and SEM observation. The results show that the highest fix carbon (82.52%) and lowest ash (5.91 %) was obtained at 1 hour soaking time with moisture and volatile contents were 3.56% and 8.00 % respectively; the highest carbon (C) content of 84.16 % was yielded at soaked time of 1.5 hours; SEM observation shows that there were significant differences of morphology structure between raw material and activated carbons for all of the soaking time variations. The pores structures have been formed in the activated carbons produced.

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