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24th International Conference on Intelligent Data engineering and Automated Learning, IDEAL 2023

作者： Silva, Bruno Lopes, Luiz Guerreiro Doctoral Program in Informatics Engineering University of Madeira Madeira Is. Funchal Portugal Regional Secretariat for Education Science and Technology Regional Government of Madeira Funchal Portugal Faculty of Exact Sciences and Engineering University of Madeira Madeira Is. Funchal9020-105 Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783031482311

In this paper, parallel GPU-based versions of the three Rao metaphor-less optimization algorithms are proposed and used to solve large-scale nonlinear equation systems, which are hard to solve with traditional numerical methods, particularly as the size of the systems get bigger. The parallel implementations of the Rao algorithms were performed in Julia and tested on a high-performance GeForce RTX 3090 GPU with 10 496 CUDA cores and 24 GB of GDDR6X VRAM using a set of challenging scalable systems of nonlinear equations. The computational experiments carried out demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed GPU-accelerated versions of the Rao optimization algorithms, with average speedups ranging from 57.10 × to 315.12 × for the set of test problems considered in this study. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Bioengineered gas vesicle nanostructure increases the ultrasound backscattered signal amplitude in presence of tumoral enzyme Cathepsin B

Bioengineered gas vesicle nanostructure increases the ultras...

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2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2023

作者： Garrute, Felipe Vianna Pacheco, Ana Beatriz F. Lu, George MacHado, João Carlos Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program Coope Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho Rio de Janeiro Brazil Willian Rice University Bioscience Research Collaborative Houston United States Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program/COOPE Post-Graduation Program in Surgical Sciences Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346459

Gas vesicles (GVs), nanostructure gas-filled protein-shelled compartments, act as ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). Recent works report bioengineered GvpC, one of the shell proteins, potentializes interactions with specific molecules in tumor microenvironment. An important target of investigation is Cathepsin B (CTSB), an enzyme produced by several tumors. CTSB acts in the tumoral microenvironment to increase tumor growth and invasion. This work objective relied on bioengineering the GVs to promote the GvpC-CTSB interaction with a subsequent increase of ultrasound (US) signal backscattered. GvpC was engineered to contain a known CTSB cleavage sequence re-added in striped GV (ΔGV). Western Blot (WB) test was used to compare the GVwt (wild type) and GV∗ (GV engendered) before and after 24 hours reaction with CTSB. US images for PBS (negative control), GVtw, ΔGV, GV∗ and CTSB+GV∗, were obtained in 21MHz (5% total power) and regions-of-interest (ROIs) over the final B-mode image were determined. The WB test for GVwt resulted in mean (±SD) GvpC concentrations of 25169 (±8574) and 32873 (±9113) and GV∗ was 32487 (±6867) and 12763 (±2846), at t0 and t24, respectively. The US image gray level intensities for the ROIs related to the samples of PBS, GVwt, ΔGV, GV∗ and CTSB+GV∗ were 55.8 (±17.6), 47.4 (±16.6), 46.1 (±22.8) and 150.2 (±24), respectively. These results reveal an increase in the US signal backscattered from GV∗ after CTSV reaction. This increase is likely related to a direct GvpC degradation by CTSB, without affecting the GV∗ structure. In conclusion, high frequency US B-mode images showed the GV∗ with the potential to act as an UCA sensitive to the CTSB presence in tumoral microenvironment. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonics

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The design and evaluation of an AR-based serious game to teach programming

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Computers and Graphics (Pergamon) 2022年 103卷 1-18页

作者： Sharma, Vandit Bhagat, Kaushal Kumar Huang, Huai-Hsuan Chen, Nian-Shing Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur721302 India Advanced Technology Development Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur721302 India Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences Program of Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan

The ubiquity of smartphone and tablet devices, combined with the increasing availability of serious games, has enabled students to learn various abstract concepts in an appealing and convenient manner. While several researchers have explored the use of Augmented Reality (AR) in serious games, many of these games have not been critically explained or evaluated. To that end, we employed game-based learning methodologies and Game Learning Analytics (GLA) to systematize the design and evaluation of an AR-based serious game to teach programming. We evaluated our game for usability and effectiveness by conducting a user study on twenty-seven undergraduate students. The evaluation primarily consisted of a learning test conducted twice – before and after playing the game – along with a usability questionnaire that players completed after playing the game. Our results showed that players made significant progress after playing the game. The game helped players improve their basic programming skills, especially for the group having lower prior programming skills. The results highlighted various ways in which GLA can be used to benefit different stakeholders in the game. Based on players’ qualitative responses, we also identified several areas of improvement, most prominently the trade-off between ease of use and game complexity. We provide suggestions and discuss implications for future work. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Serious games

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Charging–Discharging Characteristics of NaCl–KCl Eutectic Salt in a Thermal Box System 4th

Charging–Discharging Characteristics of NaCl–KCl Eutectic ...

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4th International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in engineering, ICECME 2022

作者： Zulmiardi, Zulmiardi Setiawan, Adi Meriatna, Meriatna Sayuthi, Muhammad Gunawati, Gunawati Riskina, Shafira Putra, Dodi Lesmana Mechanical Engineering Departement Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Muara Satu Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Departement Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Muara Satu Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Departement Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Magister Program in Renewable Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Bukit Indah Muara Satu Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819974948

Solar radiation is a varied source of energy, and the mismatch between the availability of these sources and domestic energy demand is a major challenge that must be faced. Energy storage system can be considered as effective solution to overcome the challenge in solar energy utilization. In this work, a thermal box was prepared as energy storage testing apparatus by using a 5W lamp as the heat source located at the center of the box. In the middle of thermal box, the sample of phase change material (PCM) was placed and monitored in order to find out the charging and discharging characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the charging and discharging performance of NaCl–KCl eutectic salt at various ratios. The specific heat capacity and density of all PCM samples were also tested during this investigation. The changes in temperature were observed through type-k thermocouple sensors equipped with data logger. In general, it can be concluded that reducing KCl portion in PCM slightly decreases the specific heat capacity. Experiment results showed that PCM-1 (eutectic salt with 30 wt% NaCl–70 wt% KCl) has the highest specific heat capacity, i.e., 6.93 J/g˚C. The highest rate of charging and discharging was exhibited by PCM-1, highlighting a positive effect of KCl content in eutectic salt. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Sodium chloride

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The Scalability of Third Generation Photovoltaics: Deposition Techniques and Modularity

The Scalability of Third Generation Photovoltaics: Depositio...

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2023 Sharjah International Conference on Physics of Advanced Materials, SICPAM 2023

作者： Ayoub, Mohamad Alashkar, Adnan Mdallal, Ayman Ibrahim, Taleb Khamis, Mustafa Alami, Abdul Hai Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department University of Sharjah Sharjah27272 United Arab Emirates PhD Program in Materials Science and Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Department of Chemical Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Department of Biology Chemistry and Environmental Sciences College of Arts and Sciences American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Center for Advanced Materials Research Research Institute of Science and Engineering University of Sharjah Sharjah27272 United Arab Emirates

The development of third-generation photovoltaic (TGPV) technologies promises to address some of the limitations of conventional silicon-based solar cells. However, the scalability of these technologies is a critical factor in their practical application. TGPV include Perovskite Solar Cells (PSC), Organic Solar Cells (OSC), and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). This paper reviews and summarizes the recent trends and research on the deposition techniques and modularity of TGPV. Various deposition techniques such as slot-die coating, thermal evaporation, and spray pyrolysis are discussed, along with their advantages and limitations. Modularity, which allows for the integration of TGPV cells into different structures, is also examined as a critical factor in scalability. The paper concludes that the scalability of TGPV technologies depends on the development of efficient and cost-effective deposition techniques and modularity, which will facilitate the integration of the TGPV cells into various structures and enable the widespread use of these promising technologies. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells

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Application of text mining techniques to identify actual wrong-way driving (WWD) crashes in police reports

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International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology 2023年第4期12卷 1038-1051页

作者： Parisa Hosseini Seyedalireza Khoshsirat Mohammad Jalayer Subasish Das Huaguo Zhou Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Center for Research and Education in Advanced Transportation Engineering Systems(CREATEs)Rowan University201 Mullica Hill RoadGlassboroNJ 08028USA Department of Computer&Information Sciences University of Delaware18 Amstel AveNewarkDE 19716USA Civil Engineering Program Ingram School of EngineeringTexas State UniversityRFM 5202601 University DriveSan MarcosTX 78666USA Harbert Center Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

Wrong-way driving(WWD)has been a long-lasting issue for transportation agencies and law enforcement,since it causes pivotal threats to road *** being rare,crashes occurring due to WWD are more severe than other types of *** order to analyze WWD crashes,there is a need to obtain WWD incidents or crash ***,it is time-consuming to identify actual WWD crashes from potential WWD crashes in large crash *** often involves large man-hours to review hardcopy of crash narratives in the police ***,it may cause an overestimation or underestimation of WWD crash *** fill this gap,the present study,as the first-of-its-kind,aims at identifying actual WWD crashes from potential WWD crashes in police reports by using machine learning ***,Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)models have shown promising results in natural language *** this study,we implemented the BERT model as well as five conventional classification algorithms,including Naïve Bayes(NB),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Decision Tree(DT),Random Forest(RF),and Single Layer Perceptron(SLP)to classify crash report narratives as actual WWD and non-WWD ***-validation and different performance metrics were used to evaluate the performance of each classification *** indicated that the BERT model outperformed in identifying actual WWD crashes in comparison with other algorithms with an accuracy of 81.59%.The BERT classification algorithm can be implemented to reduce the time needed to identify actual WWD crashes from crash report narratives.

关键词： Wrong-Way Driving Crashes Crash Report Narratives Text Mining Text Classification

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Development of Miniature Radio Frequency Ion Thruster with Inductively Coupled Plasma Source

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Journal of Aeronautics, Astronautics and Aviation 2023年第1期55卷 13-28页

作者： Li, Yueh-Heng Huang, Ta-Yen Shen, Mitchell M. Chen, Yi-Chien Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

This study investigated an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) as an ion source. This ICP source can produce high-density plasma and has high propellant utilization efficiency and low power consumption. The ICP source was induced by a 13.56-MHz electromagnetic field and by supplying argon propellant gas into the radio frequency (RF) ion thruster at low gas pressures. The ions were accelerated along the electrostatic field gradient by using a potential bias to form an ion beam. SIMION was used to simulate the trajectory and distribution of the ion beam. An electron-emitting neutralizer must be located downstream of the thruster to neutralize the potential of the ion thruster. A Langmuir probe was used to measure the electron temperature and plasma density. A Faraday cup was used to determine the ion current of the ion thruster. The parameters of the ICP ion source and the performance of the ion beam were evaluated using the measurement systems. The miniature RF ion thruster achieved 1200–1633 s of specific impulse and 7.6-13.8 mN of thrust at 80 W of total input power. The thruster efficiency was 10 %-13 %, and the mass utilization efficiency was 12 %–16 %. © 2023 The Aeronautical and Astronautical Society of the Republic of China. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ion beams

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Particle swarm optimization with local search for height-map surface reconstruction from point clouds in reverse engineering

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年 1-20页

作者： Gálvez, Akemi Fister, Iztok Deb, Suash Fister, Iztok Iglesias, Andrés Dept. of Applied Mathematics and Computational Sciences E.T.S.I. Caminos Canales y Puertos University of Cantabria Avda. de los Castros s/n Santander39005 Spain Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Toho University 2-2-1 Miyama Funabashi274-8510 Japan Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Maribor Koroska cesta 34 Maribor2000 Slovenia IT & Educational Consultant Ranchi India Distinguished Professorial Associate Decision Sciences and Modeling Program Victoria University Melbourne Australia

Surface reconstruction is a classical process in industrial engineering and manufacturing, particularly in reverse engineering, where the goal is to obtain a digital model from a physical object. For that purpose, the real object is typically scanned or digitized and the resulting point cloud is then fitted to mathematical surfaces through numerical optimization. The choice of the approximating functions is crucial for the accuracy of the process. Real-world objects such as manufactured workpieces often require complex nonlinear approximating functions, which are not well suited for standard numerical methods. In a previous paper presented at the ISMSI 2023 conference, we addressed this issue by using manually selected approximation functions via optimization through the cuckoo search algorithm with Lévy flights. Building upon that work, this paper presents an enhanced and extended method for surface reconstruction by using height-map surfaces obtained through a combination of exponential, polynomial and logarithmic functions. A feasible approach for this goal is to consider continuous bivariate distribution functions, which ensures consistent models along with good mathematical properties for the output shapes, such as smoothness and integrability. However, this approach leads to a difficult multivariate, constrained, multimodal continuous nonlinear optimization problem. To tackle this issue, we apply particle swarm optimization, a popular swarm intelligence technique for continuous optimization. The method is hybridized with a local search procedure for further improvement of the solutions and applied to a benchmark of 15 illustrative examples of point clouds fitted to different surface models. The performance of the method is analyzed through several computational experiments. The numerical and graphical results show that the method is able to recover the shape of the point clouds accurately and automatically. Furthermore, our approach outperforms other alternati

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Targeting glial metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases:detail matters

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2393-2394页

作者： Ruqayya Afridi Kyoungho Suk Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences BK21 PLUS KNU Biomedical Convergence ProgramSchool of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea Brain Science and Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguSouth Korea

Neurodegenerative diseases,a group of disorders associated with advanced age,are typified by the disease-specific accumulation of mutant proteins and *** decades,treatment modalities for these disorders have focused on addressing neuronal malfu nction,which has resulted in the failure of *** studies have identified the crucial role of glial cells in exacerbating neurodegenerative processes via the release of neuroinflammatory ***,the major immune component of the central nervous system (CNS),undergo numerous phenotypic transitions and regulate the outcomes of various pathologies (Afridi et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative metabolism diseases

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Darknet Traffic Classification with Machine Learning Algorithms and SMOTE Method 7

Darknet Traffic Classification with Machine Learning Algorit...

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7th International Conference on Computer Science and engineering, UBMK 2022

作者： Karagol, Hasan Erdem, Oguzhan Akbas, Barkin Soylu, Tuncay Trakya University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Edirne Turkey University of Health Sciences Department of Occupational Health and Safety Program Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (数字)9781665470100

ISBN: (纸本)9781665470100

The Darknet is a network that can be accessed with certain privileges and runs a non-standard communication protocol. The Darknet traffic that consists of data from several known networks such as Tor and the P2P is often used for criminal activities due to its anonymity. It is so critical to correctly classify Darknet traffic to differentiate the individual flows for security purposes. In this paper, we proposed three different machine learning (ML) based traffic classification approaches;the binary classification of Darknet and Benign traffic classes (Case 1);the quadruple classification of classes Tor, NonTor, VPN, and NonVpn (Case 2);an traffic classification of eight sub-traffic classes (Case 3). We further applied the SMOTE method for balancing the sizes of the classes in the traffic dataset and feature selection (FS) algorithms to identify the most effective attributes where the number of features in the original dataset were reduced from 63 to 8, 8 and 6 for Case 1, 2 and 3 respectively. For all three cases, classification was performed with six different machine learning algorithms with and without SMOTE, and the highest accuracy values were obtained with SMOTE method. The highest accuracy values were obtained with the Random Forest Algorithm as 97.22%, 97.16% and 85.99% for Case 1, 2 and 3, respectively. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Decision trees

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