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检索条件"机构=Scientific Computing in Computer Science"

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Understanding the use of message passing interface in exascale proxy applications

Understanding the use of message passing interface in exasca...

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作者： Sultana, Nawrin Rüfenacht, Martin Skjellum, Anthony Bangalore, Purushotham Laguna, Ignacio Mohror, Kathryn Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Tennessee at Chattanooga ChattanoogaTN United States Department of Computer Science University of Alabama at Birmingham BirminghamAL United States Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA United States

The Exascale computing Project (ECP) focuses on the development of future exascale-capable applications. Most ECP applications use the message passing interface (MPI) as their parallel programming model with mini-apps serving as proxies. This paper explores the explicit usage of MPI in such ECP proxy applications. We empirically analyze 14 proxy applications from the ECP Proxy Apps Suite. We use the MPI profiling interface (PMPI) to collect MPI usage patterns in ECP proxy apps. Our analysis shows that a small subset of features from MPI is commonly used in the proxies of exascale-capable applications, even when they reference third-party libraries. This study is intended to provide a better understanding of the use of MPI in current exascale applications. The findings can help focus software investments made for exascale systems in the MPI middleware including optimization, fault-tolerance, tuning, and hardware-offload. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

关键词： Message passing

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Privacy preservation in social networks with sensitive edge weights

Privacy preservation in social networks with sensitive edge ...

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9th SIAM International Conference on Data Mining 2009, SDM 2009

作者： Liu, Lian Wang, Jie Liu, Jinze Zhang, Jun Laboratory for High Performance Scientific Computing and Computer Simulation Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506-0046 United States Computer Science Department Minnesota State University Mankato 273 Wissink Hall Mankato MN 56001 United States Department of Computer Science College of Engineering University of Kentucky 237 Hardymon Lexington KY 40506-0046 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781615671090

With the development of emerging social networks, such as Facebook and MySpace, security and privacy threats arising from social network analysis bring a risk of disclosure of confidential knowledge when the social network data is shared or made public. In addition to the current social network anonymity de-identification techniques, we study a situation, such as in a business transaction network, in which weights are attached to network edges that are considered to be confidential (e.g., transactions). We consider perturbing the weights of some edges to preserve data privacy when the network is published, while retaining the shortest path and the approximate cost of the path between some pairs of nodes in the original network. We develop two privacy-preserving strategies for this application. The first strategy is based on a Gaussian randomization multiplication, the second one is a greedy perturbation algorithm based on graph theory. In particular, the second strategy not only yields an approximate length of the shortest path while maintaining the shortest path between selected pairs of nodes, but also maximizes privacy preservation of the original weights. We present experimental results to support our mathematical analysis.

关键词： Graph theory

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Cancellation of Unwanted Audio to Support Interactive computer Music 30

Cancellation of Unwanted Audio to Support Interactive Comput...

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30th International computer Music Conference, ICMC 2004

作者： Lee, Jonghyun Dannenberg, Roger B. Chun, Joohwan Scientific Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 373-1 Kusong-Dong Yusong-Gu Taejeon305-701 Korea Republic of School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University United States

A real-time unwanted-audio cancellation system is developed. The system enhances recorded sound by canceling unwanted loudspeaker sounds picked up during the recording. After cancellation, the resulting sound gives an improved estimation of the live performer’s sound. The cancellation works by estimating the unwanted audio signal and subtracting it from the recorded signal. The canceller is composed of a delay block and two adaptive digital filters. Our work extends conventional echo-cancellation methods to address problems we encountered in music applications. We describe a real-time implementation in Aura and present experimental results in which the proposed canceller enhances the performance of a real-time pitch detector. The cancellation ratio is measured and limitations of the system are discussed. © ICMC 2004. All rights reserved.

关键词： Digital filters

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CoDIMS-G: A data and program integration service for the grid

CoDIMS-G: A data and program integration service for the gri...

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2nd Workshop on Middleware for Grid computing, MGC '04

作者： Fontes, V. Schulze, B. Dutra, M. Porto, F. Barbosa, A. National Laboratory for Scientific Computing Computer Science Dep. Brazil Military Institute of Engineering System Engineering Dep. Brazil Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Database Lab. Switzerland Federal University of Espírito Santo Computer Science Dep. Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)1581139500

Grid services provide an important abstract layer on top of heterogeneous components (hardware and software) that take part into a Grid environment. In this scenario, applications, like scientific visualization, require access to data of non-conventional data types, like fluid path geometry, and the evaluation of special user programs on these data. In order to support such applications we are developing CoDIMS-G, which is a data and program integration service for the Grid. CoDIMS-G provides users transparent access to data and programs distributed on the Grid, as well as dynamic resource allocation and management. We conceived a new node scheduling algorithm and designed an adaptive distributed query engine for the grid environment. Copyright 2004 ACM.

关键词： Data visualization

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An abstract data type for parallel simulations based on sparse grids 3rd

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3rd European Conference on Parallel Virtual Machine, EuroPVM 1996

作者： May, Michael Schiekofer, Thomas Institute of Computer Science Department of Computer Architecture and Computer Organization Technical University of Munich Arcisstr. 21 MunichD-80290 Germany Institute of Applied Mathematics Department of Scientific Computing and Numerical Simulation University of Bonn Wegelerstr. 6 BonnD-53115 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540617795

In this paper we introduce an abstract data type for the distributed representation and efficient handling of sparse grids on parallel architectures. The new data layout, implemented by means of the PVM message passing library, provides partitioning and dynamic load balancing transparent to the application making use of it. This enables parallelization of sequential partial differential equations (PDE) solvers based on sparse grids with hardly any source code modifications. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1996.

关键词： Parallel architectures

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Ensuring Numerical Quality in Grid computing

Ensuring Numerical Quality in Grid Computing

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International Symposium on scientific computing, computer Arithmetic and Validated Numerics (SCAN)

作者： Andreas Frommer Matthias Husken Bergische Universität Wuppertal Applied Computer Science and Scientific Computing Wuppertal Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424431410;9780769528212;076952821X

Certain numerically intensive applications executed within a grid computing environment crucially depend on the properties of floating-point arithmetic implemented on the respective platform. Differences in these properties may have drastic effects. This paper identifies the central problems related to this situation. We propose an approach which gives the user valuable information on the various platforms available in a grid computing environment in order to assess the numerical quality of an algorithm run on each of these platforms. In this manner, the user will at least have very strong hints whether a program will perform reliably in a grid before actually executing it. Our approach extends the existing IeeeCC754 test suite by two "grid-enabled" modes: The first mode calculates a "numerical checksum" on a specific grid host and executes the job only if the checksum is identical to a locally generated one. The second mode provides the user with information on the reliability and IEEE 754-conformity of the underlying floating-point implementation of various platforms. Furthermore, it can help to find a set of compiler options to optimize the application's performance while retaining numerical stability.

关键词： Grid computing Floating-point arithmetic Application software Mesh generation Software libraries Testing Optimizing compilers Hardware Standards development computer science

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Lung nodule segmentation and detection in computed tomography 8

Lung nodule segmentation and detection in computed tomograph...

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8th International Conference on Intelligent computing and Information Systems, ICICIS 2017

作者： El-Regaily, Salsabil Amin Salem, Mohammed Abdel Megeed Aziz, Mohamed Hassan Abdel Roushdy, Mohamed Ismail Basic Science Department Faculy of Computer and Information Sciences Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Scientific Computing Department Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt University in Cairo GUC Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology Egypt Computer Science Department Faculy of Computer and Information Sciences Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9772371723

computer Aided Detection (CAD) systems provide a second opinion to radiologists in detecting lung cancer by providing automated analysis of the scans. The proposed CAD system consists of five processing steps: image acquisition, preprocessing, lung segmentation, nodule detection and false positive reduction. First, 400 CT scans are downloaded from the Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC). Preprocessing is implemented using contrast stretching and enhancing. Lung segmentation and nodule detection stages are performed using a combination of region growing, thresholding and morphological operations. Each 3D structure is then subjected to tabular structure elimination to provide nodule candidates. In the false positive reduction stage, some of the basic nodule features are extracted from the training data to set thresholds for a simple rule-based classifier. The CAD achieved sensitivity of 77.77%, specificity of 69.5% and accuracy 70.53 % with an average 4.1 FPs/scan. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： computerized tomography

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Optimization Techniques and Performance Analyses of Two Life science Algorithms for Novel GPU Architectures

Optimization Techniques and Performance Analyses of Two Life...

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Euromicro Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing

作者： David Dilch Eduard Mehofer Research Group Scientific Computing Faculty of Computer Science University of Technology Vienna Austria

In this paper we evaluate two life science algorithms, namely Needleman-Wunsch sequence alignment and Direct Coulomb Summation, for GPUs. Whereas for Needleman-Wunsch it is difficult to get good performance numbers, Direct Coulomb Summation is particularly suitable for graphics cards. We present several optimization techniques, analyze the theoretical potential of the optimizations with respect to the algorithms, and measure the effect on execution times. We target the recent NVIDIA Fermi architecture to evaluate the performance impacts of novel hardware features like the cache subsystem on optimizing transformations. We compare the execution times of CUDA and OpenCL code versions for Fermi and predecessor models with parallel OpenMP versions executed on the main CPU.

关键词： Graphics processing unit Kernel Optimization Instruction sets Hardware computer architecture Synchronization

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An Ant-Colony-Optimization Based Approach for Determination of Parameter Significance of scientific Workflows

An Ant-Colony-Optimization Based Approach for Determination ...

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International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA)

作者： Fakhri Alam Khan Yuzhang Han Sabri Pllana Peter Brezany Department of Scientific Computing Faculty of Computer Science University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria

In the process of a scientific experiment a workflow is executed multiple times using various values of the parameters of activities. For real-world workflows that may contain hundreds of activities, each having several parameters, it is practically not feasible to conduct a parameter sensitivity study by simply following a ”brute-force approach” (that is experimental evaluation of all possible cases). We believe that a heuristic-guided approach enables to find a near-optimal solution using a reasonable amount of resources without the need for the evaluation of all possibilities. In this paper we present a novel methodology for determination of parameter significance of scientific workflows that is based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). We refer to our methodology, which is a customization of ACO for Parameter Significance determination, as ACO4PS. We use ACO4PS to identify (1) which parameter strongly affects the overall result of the workflow and (2) for which combination of parameter values we obtain the expected result. ACO4PS generates a list of all workflow parameters sorted by significance as well as is capable of generating a subset of significant parameters. We empirically evaluate our methodology using a real-world scientific workflow that deals with the Non-Invasive Glucose Measurement.

关键词： NP-hard problem Ant colony optimization Application software scientific computing computer science Sugar Extraterrestrial measurements Distributed computing Grid computing Roads

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Estimation of Parameters Sensitivity for scientific Workflows

Estimation of Parameters Sensitivity for Scientific Workflow...

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International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops (ICPPW)

作者： Fakhri Alam Khan Yuzhang Han Sabri Pllana Peter Brezany Department of Scientific Computing Faculty of Computer Science University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria

Usually workflow activities in the scientific domain depend on a collection of parameters. These parameters determine the output of the activity, and consequently the output of the whole workflow. In the scientific domain, workflows have exploratory nature and are used to understand a scientific phenomenon or answer scientific questions. In the process of a scientific experiment a workflow is executed multiple times using various values of the parameters of activities. It is relevant to identify (1) which parameter strongly affects the overall result of the workflow and (2) for which combination of parameter values we obtain the expected result. Foreseeing these issues, in this paper we present our methodology to estimate the significance of all scientific workflow parameters as well as to estimate the most significant parameter to the workflow. The estimation of parameter significance will enable the scientist to fine tune, and optimize his results efficiently. Furthermore, we empirically validate our methodology on Non-Invasive Glucose Measurement workflow and discuss our results. The NIGM workflow uses the neural network model to calculate the glucose level in patient blood. The neural network model has a set of parameters, which affect the result of the workflow significantly. But, unfortunately the impact significance of these parameters is commonly unknown to the user. We present our approach for estimating and quantifying impact significance of neural network parameters.

关键词： Parameter estimation Neural networks Sugar Parallel processing scientific computing computer science Blood Distributed computing Grid computing

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