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Developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： Dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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Spline-based guidance with enhanced frequency robustness for the motion of flexible part handling manipulators

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MECHATRONICS 1996年第7期6卷 761-777页

作者： Antoniadis, I Kanarachos, A Machine Design Control Systems Section Department of Mechanical Engineering National Technical University of Athens P.O. Box 64078 Athens 15710 Greece

A new spline-based method is introduced for guiding the motion of flexible part handling manipulators. Compared to closed-loop-based control methods, it enables simplicity in the design of the manipulator and thus reduced cost and complexity. The method can be easily implemented even on existing manipulators, requiring minimal computational cost and knowledge of the dynamic parameters of the manipulator, and it is quite versatile, leading to guidance functions properly adapted to the specific manipulator requirements. However, the basic advantage of the method is the extensive robustness characteristics it offers at large payload variations and/or uncertainties of possible non-linearities of the manipulator, overcoming to a significant degree this traditional disadvantage of guidance-based methods over the methods based on closed-loop control. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.

关键词： Manipulators

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Waterjet to Hull load transfer

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第3期108卷 375-383页

作者： Alexander, K [?]Dr. Keith Alexander has a background in science and teaching and earned a degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Canterbury in New Zealand. He completed a Ph.D. through work on a high speed craft of his own design. After leaving the University Dr. Alexander spent five years working in engineering consultancies on a variety of projects dealing with heavy industrial equipment. He returned to marine work when he joined Hamilton Jet in 1989 as the technical section manager In this position he managed the design of six new jets and control systems and established a number of research programs with the University of Cantebury and other agencies. He is currently a jet design engineer and research manager at Hamilton Jet. Dr. Alexander maintains professional memberships in ASNE MIPENZ and SNAME.

The propulsion and control loads from a waterjet must be transmitted to the craft hull. The philosophy in many waterjet installations is to carry the loads from the waterjet through the transom and into the hull. For this purpose the transom is required to be stiffened by the boat designer and builder. Recent analysis by boat builders and waterjet manufacturers has highlighted the fact that while the transom is stiff laterally so that it easily carries steering loads, it is difficult to stiffen in a fore and aft direction. By contrast the inlet ducting is stiff in the fore and aft direction. Consequently it frequently carries the major thrust loads. The problem is that the inlet ducting, in many cases, is only designed to deliver the water to the jet pump and is not intended to carry these loads. Because of this, failures can occur in the ducting and its support structure. An alternative approach is to design the ducting specifically to carry these major thrust loads. This leads to heavier ducting but lighter transom structures. In this case the loads are transferred directly to the hull bottom which is more readily stiffened to take these loads in the fore and aft direction. This paper identifies waterjet loads and moments for normal running, steering and reverse. It specifies where they act and discusses the implications with respect to the two philosophies for transmitting these loads to the boat hull. Finite element analyses for the two approaches are compared, and the critical issues identified. Conclusions are drawn from the point of view of safety, ease of duct manufacture and jet installation.

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Measuring the distance and orientation of a planar surface using nonstructured lighting

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systems AND COMPUTERS IN JAPAN 1996年第8期27卷 83-92页

作者： Tsukiyama, T Member Electrotechnical Laboratory Tsukuba Japan 305 Tosbifumi Tsukiyama:graduated in 1972 from the Biological Engineering Department Osaka University where he also received his Dr. of Eng. degree. He joined Electrotechnical Laboratory Ministry of Tread and Industry (Japan) in 1972. At present he is Senior Researcher at Computer Vision Section Intelligent Systems Division ETL. He was a Visiting Researcher at University of Illinois during 1984–1985. He has been interested in vision system for mobile robots and image processing architectures. He is a member of the Society of Instrumental and Control Engineers Japan Robotics Society of Japan and Information Processing Society of Japan.

This paper proposes a method of 3-dimensional measurement of a planar surface by using two fixed light sources and a TV camera. A set of two images is recorded by the camera switching on each light alternately. The peak of the luminance distribution in each image is detected, and the orientation and distance of the planar surface are calculated. The position of the peak of a luminance distribution can be estimated accurately by using an image processing. The light sources can be conventional apparatus with no particular structure. The method is simple and suitable for a vision system on an indoor mobile robot.

关键词： distance to surface orientation of planar surface point light source luminance distribution ring light

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Modeling and simulation in the sealift program

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第6期108卷 27-39页

作者： Edinberg, D Back, K McVeigh, J David Edinberg is a senior naval architect with Advanced Marine Enterprises in Arlington Virginia. His experience in ship design includes dynamic analysis of ship's deck systems intact and damaged stability calculations trim and stability support during ship designs and structural design. For the last two years he has led a team of engineers in the dynamic analysis of the sideport ramp system employed on the Navy's new sealift ships. He graduated in 1979 with a B.S. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan. Keith Back is a senior engineer with Advanced Marine Enterprises in Arlington Virginia. He is currently the section chief for the Advanced Visualization Group. He has more than ten years experience developing and using CAD models in the ship design environment. For the past two years he has led the development of visualization techniques and models for use in simulations for current ship design programs. He graduated in 1985 with a B.S. degree in aerospace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. USA Lt. Col. Joe McVeigh USA is currently deputy program manager (Army) for PMS 385 the Strategic Sealift Office at NavSea. As the senior U.S. Army officer on staff he is responsible for interfacing with the program's primary customer in addition to his assignment as T&E director. Lt. Col. McVeigh graduated with a B.Sc. from the United States Military Academy in 1978 after which he received his 2nd lieutenant's commission in the U.S. Army Transportation Corps. In 1991 he received M.S. degrees in mechanical engineering and naval architecture and marine engineering from MIT. Lt. Col. McVeigh's previous assignments have included: platoon leader/XO 870th Terminal Transfer Company program support officer/XO/contract administrator DLA operations staff officer/Exercise Branch chief. Special Forces Europe company commander 598th Medium Truck Company commander Movement Control Team Mannheim and Army watercraft systems engineer U.S.

The Navy's Sealift Program had several unique problems associated with it which have been addressed using innovative modeling and simulation tech niques. These techniques fall under two categories: visualization and dynamic analysis. This paper will discuss the employment of these techniques and the impact their application has had in the program. Also examined will be various difficulties that were encountered in the application of these techniques. Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) visualization tools were used to model the interior Ro/Ro spaces on the four classes of new construction and conversion ships now being procured. These models were employed for vehicle maneuvering simulations, operator familiarization and visualization of the results of an analysis of the loading and unloading of Ro/Ro vehicles. A COTS dynamic analysis system was used to simulate dynamic behavior during the assembly/deplopment and retrieval/disassembly of the side port ramp using the ships' cranes. These analyses supported reviews of design configurations, proposed handling procedures, and in conjunction with extensive post-processing, operability assessments for system operation. In a parallel effort, an interactive crane simulator was developed to support on-going engineering studies, indoctrination, and test and evaluation purposes. Lessons learned have been applied to other activities at the Naval Sea systems Command. Critical areas were the validation and maintenance of up-to-date configuration data for the visual models, adaptive levels of detail to meet the requirements of each study objective, and the need to provide comprehensive documentation of models.

关键词： Marine engineering

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Application of neural network to marine vehicle

Application of neural network to marine vehicle

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International Conference on Neural Networks

作者： I. Yamamoto First Control Systems Section Engineering & Production Department Electronics Division Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Limited Nagasaki Japan

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the applications of neural networks to marine vehicles. The paper shows the applications for an oscillating fin propulsion control system and an underwater vehicle control system. The control algorithms based on neural network are successfully applied for these systems, and its effectiveness is confirmed.

关键词： Neural networks Marine vehicles control systems Propulsion Underwater vehicles

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WATERJET VERSUS PROPELLER ENGINE MATCHING CHARACTERISTICS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1995年第3期107卷 129-139页

作者： ALEXANDER, K Keith Alexander:has a background in science and teaching and earned a degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Canterbury in New Zealand. He completed a Ph.D. through work on a high speed amphibious craft of his own design. After leaving the University Dr. Alexander spent five years working in engineering consultancies on a variety of heavy industrial equipment. He returned to marine work when he joined Hamilton Jet in 1989 as the Technical Section Manager. In this position he managed the design of six new jets and control systems and established a number of research programs with the University of Canterbury and other agencies. He is currently a jet design engineer and Research Manager at Hamilton Jet. Dr. Alexander is a member ofASNE MIPENZ and SNAME

This paper outlines the major differences between waterjets and fixed-pitch propellers in the way they absorb engine power. Some of these differences are subtle and far reaching, and have only recently come to light. They have consequences for the operator, the engine selection and the engine settings. This paper touches on the following areas: the rigid relationship between power absorption and rpm, which means the waterjet can be used as an engine dynamometer, and the contrast with propellers where rpm is related to boat speed the differences in power absorption off the match point, and the fact that the waterjet cannot overload an engine;the consequences for the operator and the engine comparisons of engine rpm with boat speed, and the propulsion power available against boat speed for waterjets and propellers the differences in power absorption characteristics with overloaded or light boats strategies used by engine manufacturers to accommodate waterjet and propeller characteristics These issues are discussed as factors which are significant in the selection of the propulsor, and are sometimes not appreciated by operators familiar with propeller driven craft.

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Development and application of MCAL tools for marine radar instruction

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Computer Applications in engineering Education 1995年第4期3卷 259-259页

作者： Guirguis, S. Korany, E. Abdel-Bary, A. Institute of Graduate Studies and Research Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Shawkat K. Guirguis:obtained the BSc and M.Sc. degrees in Computer Science and Automatic Control Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University in 1981 and 1984 respectively. In 1988 he obtained a PhD degree in Electronics and Communications Faculty of Engineering Cairo University co-supervised by the Imperial College of Science and Technology University of London where he spent two years as an academic visitor. His current research interests include software quality management multimedia automatic programming and decision support systems. He is currently a lecturer of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. Ezzat A. Korany:received the BS degree in Electrical Engineering (Electronics Section) from the University of Alexandria Egypt in 1971 the MS degree in Electrical Engineering (Computer Section) from Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt in 1977 and the PhD degree in Electrical Engineering (Digital Systems) from Florida Institute of Technology U.S.A. in 1982. He is currently an associate professor of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research University of Alexandria. His research interests are in data communications and multimedia applications computer networks image processing and pattern recognition. Abdel-Latif A. Abdel-Bary:obtained the BEng degree in Electronics Technology from Arab Maritime Transport Academy in 1986. In 1995 he obtained the MSc degree in Information Technology from the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. His current research interests include ICAL hypermedia and automatic programming.

In this article a multimedia computer-assisted learning (MCAL) system is presented. The major objective of this work was to investigate the potential of using such systems as tools for transferring instructional course information through various types of computer media as opposed to the classic CAL systems. The philosophy and techniques employed to design the system are investigated. Usage of the implemented system and its merits have been illustrated through its application to teach engineering students and technicians the theory and concepts of marine radar. System design, implementation, test, and revision phases are presented and discussed.

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AN ALGORITHM FOR THE ESTIMATION OF SYSTEMATIC-ERRORS IN RADAR MEASUREMENTS

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF systems SCIENCE 1994年第6期25卷 1105-1112页

作者： REKKAS, CM KYRIAKOPOULOS, K KRIKELIS, NJ [a]Department of Mechanical Engineering Control Systems Section National Technical University of Athens Patission 42 Athens 10682 Greece

A new algorithm is presented that treats the problem of systematic errors in radar measurements. These errors cannot be estimated by the usual first-order Kalman filter used in air traffic control, and this fact causes serious degradation of the accuracy of aircraft position estimates, directly affecting the aircraft minimum horizontal separation and the maximum airspace capacity. The algorithm is based on the use of distance measuring equipment (DME) measurements and is an extension of previous DME-based methods dealing with aircraft geometric height estimation. The new algorithm could be considered as part of a radar measurement fault-detection and diagnosis algorithm. Its performance is evaluated in various cases and the results are very satisfactory. The implementation of such an algorithm can reduce considerably the departure and arrival delays and the aircraft operating costs.

关键词： Radar measurement

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AVAILABILITY OF STATES AND POLE-ZERO CANCELLATIONS IN H-INFINITY-control

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC control 1994年第2期39卷 379-381页

作者： MIYAMOTO, S ARINAGA, S First Control Systems Section Engineering & Production Department Electronics Division Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Limited Nagasaki Japan

This note compares servo systems designed with three methods of H(infinity)-control that is, output feedback control, state feedback control and partial state feedback control. The three kinds of control use different information of the plant to generate the control input. We show that if more states are used, then the number of the pole/zero cancellations can be reduced.

关键词： Poles and zeros State feedback control systems Output feedback Transfer functions Equations Servomechanisms Weight control control system synthesis Network synthesis

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