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27th computers and Information in engineering Conference, presented at - 2007 ASME International design engineering Technical Conferences and computers and Information in engineering Conference, IDETC/CIE2007

作者： Van Der Vegte, Wilhelm F. Rusák, Zoltán Section of Computer-Aided Design Engineering Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)0791848035

The approach described in this paper aims to offer designers a new way to investigate use processes of a product, by integrating scenarios of expected user behavior with simulations of artifact behavior. We introduce a method and system framework to model and simulate virtual human-artifact systems, aiming to resolve two knowledge-related issues in use-process simulation: (i) the integration of distinct modeling and simulation approaches (ii) extending the deployability of simulations towards conceptual design. This paper elaborates on achievements in the first area. Currently, performing complete-picture simulations in which the product and the human user react on each other's behaviors is not practicable. To make this possible, a hybrid approach is proposed. Behavior that is commonly modeled based on the laws of physics is simulated as continuous behavior, while information-processing behavior is simulated as discrete behavior. Discrete behavior is represented by finite state machines, which are behavioral models encompassing human decision-making and information-processing by artifacts. They enable the designer to perform what-if studies involving different 'scenario structures' of human decisions during simulated use, and thus to address an important factor contributing to the diversity of use processes. For continuous (physical) behavior multibody dynamics simulation and simulation with discretized 3D object models can be considered. A pilot study of a basic use process showed that our concept of hybrid simulation successfully enables investigation of multiple courses of use processes. However, the applicability of multibody simulation turned out to be limited, because of the crucial role of large deformations in human-artifact interaction. To overcome these limitations, discretized models are proposed for the next steps towards building a full-fledged system. Copyright © 2007 by ASME.

关键词： Conceptual design

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Nucleus-based product conceptualization: Principles and formalization 14

Nucleus-based product conceptualization: Principles and form...

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14th International Conference on engineering design, ICED 2003

作者： Horváth, I. Van Der Vegte, W.F. Section of Computer Aided Design and Engineering Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of Technology Landbergstraat 15 CE Delft2628 Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)1904670008

Focusing on computer support of conceptual design, the paper introduces the nucleus concept as a vehicle for the development of a novel modelling front-end that can be transitively integrated with commercial CAD systems as well as to extend the functional profile of these systems. The nucleus-based modelling focuses on the relations between the function carriers, rather than on their formation and properties. Relations are governed by the intended operations a product is supposed to provide as well as by the constraints that are imposed on its behaviours. Nucleus-based modelling is dedicated to conceptual design and simulation, but it can also be employed in detail designs and simulation. In conceptual design, artefactual design concepts are decomposed to interrelated nuclei. A nucleus is a purposeful coupling of at most two effect carrier objects, whose geometry is described by half-spaces, a set of nonconflicting physical effects acting on the carrier objects, and situations. The time history of the relationships implies elementary processes that are the basis of behavioural simulation. To represent the geometric and morphological aspects, various modelling techniques such as functional skeleton modelling, vague discrete interval modelling and fuzzy shape modelling can be adapted.

关键词： Conceptual design

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Nucleus-based product conceptualization: Application in designing for use 14

Nucleus-based product conceptualization: Application in desi...

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14th International Conference on engineering design, ICED 2003

作者： Van Der Vegte, W.F. Horváth, I. Section of Computer Aided Design and Engineering Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of Technology Landbergstraat 15 Delft2628 CE Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)1904670008

A significant potential for improvement of products lies in anticipation of various use cases when products are being designed, especially in conceptual design where there is a multitude of options for the designer. This paper presents a methodology to generate resource-integrated models unifying representations of the product, the user and the environment based on nucleus modelling, which is presented in [1], according to scenarios that describe the use of products1. This homogenous representation allows modelling both from an object point of view and a process point of view. A designer can model known use processes and obtain simulation-based predictions of ad-hoc situations. The nucleus is the lowest level modelling entity that can be used equally well in representing the three actors. The time-dependent relations allow behavioural simulation in space and time that is the basis of use-process modelling and forecasting. A case study is presented that clarifies the method of application and the achieved results. The simulation was based on a single scenario;management of multiple scenarios is an issue remaining for future research.

关键词： Conceptual design

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SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR ABSTRACT PROTOTYPING OF design SUPPORT TOOLS

SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR ABSTRACT PROTOTYPING OF DESIGN SUPPORT TO...

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ASME 2000 International design engineering Technical Conferences and computers and Information in engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2000

作者： Opiyo, Eliab Z. Horváth, Imre Vergeest, Joris S.M. Delft University of Technology Faculty of Design Engineering and Production Department of Design Engineering Computer Aided Design and Engineering Section Jaffalaan 9 DelftNL-2628 BX Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780791835111

Systematic design, user centered implementation and testing to requirements can contribute significantly to assuring quality of design support tools. The problem is that disorganized requirements elicitation and testing is generally time consuming and can sometimes lead to formulation of incomplete specification requirements. Furthermore, current software testing techniques involve usage of partially or fully implemented prototypes and thus provide feedback for the developers too late. These problems can be avoided through the application of a novel computer based pre-implementation testing technique, called abstract prototyping. It comprises structured multistage design and evaluation cycles, involving both the developers and the potential end-users as the evaluation subjects. This technique introduces quality improvement cycles early in the development process, well before the implementation of prototypes, and provides a structured framework for defining requirements and testing of design support tools. In this paper we first introduce the abstract prototyping technique. Then we describe the architecture and functionality of the software developed for abstract prototyping. We also give an example on the application of this software tool for evaluation of the particle system theory for vague modeling of shapes in conceptual design. This software tool facilitated definition of requirements and testing to the formulated requirements. In this case the particle system theory represented the highest level of abstraction of the vague modeling software tool. The same procedure can be used in the subsequent levels of abstraction of methods, algorithms and pilot implementations. We can argue that the abstract prototyping technique helps to achieve the kinds of improvement and quality gains that are expected in the development of new design support tools and in upgrading the existing tools. Copyright © 2000 by ASME.

关键词： System theory

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“Shape Interrogation for computer aided design and Manufacturing

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Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 2002年第6期24卷 467-468页

作者： Horváth, I. Section of Computer Aided Design and Engineering Department of Design Engineering Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of Technology e-mail: :i.horvath@io.tudelft.nl NL

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Learning the methods and the skills of global product realization in an academic virtual enterprise

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European Journal of engineering Education 2003年第1期28卷 83-102页

作者： HORVÁTH, IMRE DUHOVNIK, JOŽE XIROUCHAKIS, PAUL Section of Computer Aided Design and Engineering Department of Design Engineering Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of Technology Landbergstraat 15 Delft2628 CE Netherlands Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Ljubljana Slovenia École Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne Institut de Production et Robotique Switzerland

This paper reports on and draws conclusions about the international course called European Global Product Realization. It was organized to provide university students with knowledge about distributed product development in virtual enterprises. The philosophy of the course is discussed together with its structure, contents, organization, infrastructure, deliverables and the experiences. Necessitated by globalization, the principles of operation of virtual enterprises were used in organizing the course. The knowledge accumulated in global product realization by the participating companies and academic sections provided the basis for the course and for the student projects. The organizers put the students of three European universities into the position of evolving young professionals who act as both knowledge producers and knowledge consumers. The design and engineering students took part in academic lectures and industrial case studies in a virtual classroom and practised collaborative product development in the emulated virtual enterprise. The academic virtual enterprise framework has been confirmed to be a solution for opening the conventional educational institutions. Our future work will concentrate on how to exploit disciplinary and operational research as the engine behind academic learning and teaching. © 2003, Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Students

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AUTOMATION IN PRE-CONTRACT DEFINITION SHIP design

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1969年第3期81卷 89-&页

作者： JOHNSON, RS is presently Head Computer Applications Section Ship Concept Design Division Naval Ship Engineering Center. Past experience has been with surface ship and hydrofoil design hydromechanics research and computer aided ship design. His education includes a B.S. from Webb Institute a M.S. from George Washington University and a Doctor of Engineering Degree from University of California at Berkeley.

During the early stages of pre-Contract Definition ship design, the use of computer models now allows the design to be manipulated on a total system basis. That is, a change to any component of the design is immediately and totally reflected in the physical characteristics of the overall ship design. The models that make this possible and the efforts to extend this capability into Concept Development are described. The implications of this for the subsystem designer, in particular the electronics designer, are explored.

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computer methods and use in ship design

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Naval Engineers Journal 1964年第N 6期v 76卷 p929-936页

作者： Anklowitz, P. THE AUTHOR:is a native of New Jersey. He graduated from Rutgers University in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering and took graduate courses in engineering mathematics and computer technology at University of Maryland and American University and special computer operations courses from Electronics Associates Inc. (Analog) Royal McBee Corp. (Digital) and IBM (Digital). Upon graduation from Rutgers University he came to the Navy Department Bureau of Ships Design Division where he started in the Electrical Distribution Section of the Machinery Design Branch—Lighting Distribution Systems. He entered the Bureau of Ships Automatic Computer Group—Dynamic Analysis Section at its inception in 1953 where this group has evolved into the Coordinator for Computer-Aided Ship Design. He is the Assistant supervisor of this section and the supervisor of the Computer Services group and a Registered Professional Engineer (E.E.).

Review considers reasons for design of automation, difficulties in process, and practice of partial automation;five distinct design studies in design of naval ships are indicated and related to digital ship model evolved on basis of feasibility studies;further development work is noted and future ship design method suggested;design problems programmed by personnel of U S Bureau of Ships design Div and computer utilization programs at David Taylor Model Basin in field of surface ship design are listed. Before Assn Senior Engrs, U S Bur Ships.

关键词： Ships

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Developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： Dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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EMI - THE ENEMY WITHIN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1992年第2期104卷 69-80页

作者： BARON, NT CEBULSKI, DR Neil T. Baronis currently the team leader for the combat system topside design work for amphibious assault auxiliary mine warfare and Coast Guard ships. He sits on the IEEE SCC-28 Committee for personnel radiation hazards and is extensively involved in the EM engineering initiative at NavSea. Mr. Baron has lectured at the MIT Summer Professional Series on the subject of electromagnetic interference. While attending Marquette University he started his career with the Navy as a coop student supporting personnel radiation hazard assessments. After graduating with a BS in bio-medical engineering he took an electronics engineer position in the Systems Electromagnetic Division. Since then he has lectured on Navy training films and has developed several software packages which have pushed the state-of-the-art in EMI assessment. Mr. Baron has prepared several reports and professional papers. He has worked on several professional committees and in February of 1991 was awarded the “Young Engineer of the Year Award” which was presented by the D.C. Council of Engineering and Architectural Societies. Donald R. Cebulskiis currently the head of the Topside Design Division in the Naval Sea Systems Command Weapons and Combat System Directorate. He graduated from the University of Michigan with a bachelor's degree in 1963 and a master's degree in 1977 both in naval architecture and marine engineering. He started his career in 1964 at the Bureau of Ships and joined the Aircraft Carrier Section of the Arrangements Branch in Hull Design. During the past 25 years he has included almost every naval ship type in his ship arrangement experience and in October of 1988 he transferred to the Topside Design and Integration Branch in the System Electromagnetics Division Sea 06. Mr. Cebulski has written several papers on ship arrangements computer aided design and ship topside design. He prepared and presented lectures at the MIT Professional Series on ship topside design and has served on many ASNE committees. He is currently the

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is one of the major contributors to mission degradation in our fleet today due to the increase in population and sensitivity of both topside and below deck electronic systems. Sensitive combat systems designed to counter intelligent and deceptive targets can be confused by the complex intra-ship EM environment. This can cause identification failure or losing "track" of a hostile or incoming missile or even engaging "friendly targets." Topside design and integration efforts have been used to reduce EMI, but this is not the total solution to the problem. A program of total ship and system EMI assessment and control must be implemented. This program must exploit electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) optimization in electronic circuit design and take advantage of and (in some cases) direct topside shapes and structures to control the propagation of desired and undesired EM energy. Positive and active control of EM design characteristics are absolutely required before optimum combat system effectiveness can be realized. This paper will describe the current topside design process, EMC improvements being made, and how the process is being integrated into, and is dependent upon, the ship design process. It will give examples of some of the major mission degrading EMI problems in the fleet today and how past problems were solved with existing EM analysis programs. It will also discuss the control of EM energy in new design through the use of techniques being developed such as ray tracing and ray casting. The paper projects where the challenges lie for future topside and EM engineering designers and describes how the equipment technology transfer process must be better integrated to meet the challenge of effective EMI control.

关键词： Signal Interference

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