We recently reported the use of optical imaging technology to quantify facial plethora in endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS). In the present study, we studied a larger cohort of patients with Cushing disease (CD) and ex...
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We recently reported the use of optical imaging technology to quantify facial plethora in endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS). In the present study, we studied a larger cohort of patients with Cushing disease (CD) and examined water content fraction as well as blood volume fraction as bio-optic markers for determining the efficacy of this methodology as a predictor of lasting remission after surgery for CS. We imaged 49 patients before and after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for Cushing disease (CD); 22 patients were also seen at 3-6 months, and 13 patients 12 months post-operatively. On all patients, we used multi-spectral imaging (MSI) to evaluate hemodynamic distributions as well as water content at a specific area of the face. We found a decrease in blood volume fraction after vs. before surgical treatment in the tested facial area in 37 of the 40 patients, as determined with biochemical markers (p<0.001). All patients that were followed up for up to 12 months showed the same decrease from preoperative values and they remained in remission from CD. We conclude that MSI can be used for the evaluation of remission from CD, at least in the immediate post-operative period and up to one year after surgery. The use of this technology can supplement biochemical and other testing for the evaluation of the various treatment modalities available for patients with CD.
To test whether NIRS can be used to monitor cognitive brain function and detect markers for differentiation of neurocognitive variance in children with urea cycle disorders as compared to typically developing children...
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We construct a normative database for a simple cognitive test which can be useful in evaluating cognitive disability such as mild traumatic brain injury. Our results with fNIRS show activation from the medial frontopo...
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We present a Near-infra red handheld device for imaging subsurface hemorrhage such as hematomas. The device uses novel motion-based measurement techniques to detect inclusions in real-time. We present phantom studies ...
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Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a developing technology which provides a cost-effective imaging tool for noninvasive functional brain imaging complementary to more traditional fMRI and PET techniques. An attracti...
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Near-infrared spectroscopy is a novel imaging technique potentially sensitive to both brain hemodynamics (slow signal) and neuronal activity (fast optical signal, FOS). The big challenge of measuring FOS noninvasively...
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In vivo optical imaging is being conducted in a variety of medical applications, including optical breast cancer imaging, functional brain imaging, endoscopy, exercise medicine, and monitoring the photodynamic therapy...
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In vivo optical imaging is being conducted in a variety of medical applications, including optical breast cancer imaging, functional brain imaging, endoscopy, exercise medicine, and monitoring the photodynamic therapy and progress of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In the past three decades, in vivo diffuse optical breast cancer imaging has shown promising results in cancer detection, and monitoring the progress of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The use of near infrared spectroscopy for functional brain imaging has been growing rapidly. In fluorescence imaging, the difference between autofluorescence of cancer lesions compared to normal tissues were used in endoscopy to distinguish malignant lesions from normal tissue or inflammation and in determining the boarders of cancer lesions in surgery. Recent advances in drugs targeting specific tumor receptors, such as AntiBodies (MAB), has created a new demand for developing non-invasive in vivo imaging techniques for detection of cancer biomarkers, and for monitoring their down regulations during therapy. Targeted treatments, combined with new imaging techniques, are expected to potentially result in new imaging and treatment paradigms in cancer therapy. Similar approaches can potentially be applied for the characterization of other disease-related biomarkers. In this chapter, we provide a review of diffuse optical and fluorescence imaging techniques with their application in functional brain imaging and cancer diagnosis.
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