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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gu, Qiwen Wang, Xufei Zhang, Fenglin Zhao, Junqiao Tao, Siyue Ye, Chen Feng, Tiantian Jiang, Changjun Department of Computer Science and Technology School of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China The Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous System Tongji University Shanghai China The MOE Key Lab of Embedded System and Service Computing Tongji University Shanghai China School of Surveying and Geo-Informatics Tongji University Shanghai China

Visual Place Recognition (VPR) aims to robustly identify locations by leveraging image retrieval based on descriptors encoded from environmental images. However, drastic appearance changes of images captured from different viewpoints at the same location pose incoherent supervision signals for descriptor learning, which severely hinder the performance of VPR. Previous work proposes classifying images based on manually defined rules or ground truth labels for viewpoints, followed by descriptor training based on the classification results. However, not all datasets have ground truth labels of viewpoints and manually defined rules may be suboptimal, leading to degraded descriptor performance. To address these challenges, we introduce the mutual learning of viewpoint self-classification and VPR. Starting from coarse classification based on geographical coordinates, we progress to finer classification of viewpoints using simple clustering techniques. The dataset is partitioned in an unsupervised manner while simultaneously training a descriptor extractor for place recognition. Experimental results show that this approach almost perfectly partitions the dataset based on viewpoints, thus achieving mutually reinforcing effects. Our method even excels state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods that partition datasets using ground truth labels. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Achieving High Open-Circuit Voltage in Efficient Kesterite Solar Cells Via Lanthanide Europium Ion Induced Carrier Lifetime Enhancement

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chen, Xingye Zhao, Yunhai Ahmad, Nafees Zhao, Jun Zheng, Zhuanghao Su, Zhenghua Peng, Xiaogang Li, Xuejin Zhang, Xianghua Fan, Ping Liang, Guangxing Chen, Shuo Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China UMR 6226 Université de Rennes Rennes F-35000 France Shenzhen518060 China

Short carrier lifetimes is a key challenge limiting the open-circuit voltage (VOC) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells. In this work, for the first time, lanthanide europium (Eu) ions have been introduced into Ag-incorporated CZTSSe absorber layer, which can modify the selenization reaction pathway during the initial selenization process, leading to high-quality (Ag, Eu)-CZTSSe absorber with large compact crystal grains and benign surface potential fluctuations. This innovative absorber engineering can also optimize defects dynamics with less detrimental defects and defects-assisted non-radiative recombination. Thus, significantly enhanced minority carrier lifetimes from 0.97 to 3.15 ns can be achieved, representing one of the top values among various bulk and/or interface engineering treated CZTSSe. The champion CZTSSe thin-film solar cell exhibits an impressive VOC of 545.6 mV, accompanied with a stimulating increase in PCE from 10.61% to 13.30%. These findings underscore the potential of lanthanide cation doping to drive significant advancements in CZTSSe photovoltaic technology, and therefore promoting its further development and future applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Open circuit voltage

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An Investigation of Blockchain-Based Sharding 7th

An Investigation of Blockchain-Based Sharding

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7th International Conference on Smart computing and Communication, SmartCom 2022

作者： Xiao, Jiahong Liang, Wei Cai, Jiahong Zhu, Hangyu Li, Xiong Xie, Songyou School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan411201 China Hunan Key Laboratory for Service Computing and Novel Software Technology Xiangtan411201 China Guangdong Financial High-Tech Zone "Blockchain +" Fintech Research Institute Foshan528253 China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University Changsha410082 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031281235

Nowadays, blockchain distributed ledger technology is becoming more and more prominent, and its decentralization, anonymization, and tampering obvious features have been widely recognized. These excellent technical features of blockchain have also made it a hot issue for global research. With the wide application of blockchain technology in various industries, some defects are gradually exposed, and more prominently, the blockchain system is unable to meet the current demand of explosive growth of data volume and frequent data interaction. As one of the key technologies to solve this problem, sharding technology is gaining attention. This article introduces common blockchain scaling schemes and focuses on an overview of blockchain sharding. Sharding technology is introduced from two perspectives of intra-slice consensus and inter-slice consensus. The current mainstream slicing technology is summarized according to three different slicing methods: network sharding, transaction sharding, and state sharding. Finally, the challenges faced by current blockchain sharding technology are analyzed and the full text is summarized. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Blockchain

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Vision Transformer (ViT)-based Applications in Image Classification

Vision Transformer (ViT)-based Applications in Image Classif...

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IEEE International Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity), High Performance and Smart computing (HPSC) and Intelligent Data and Security (IDS)

作者： Yingzi Huo Kai Jin Jiahong Cai Huixuan Xiong Jiacheng Pang School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Hunan Key Laboratory for Service Computing and Novel Software Technology Xiangtan China the College of Computer Science and Electronics Engineering Hunan University Changsha China

In recent years, the ViT model has been widely used in the field of computer vision, especially for image classification tasks. This paper summarizes the application of ViT in image classification tasks, first introduces the image classification imple- mentation process and the basic architecture of the ViT model, then analyzes and summarizes the image classification methods, including traditional image classification methods, CNN-based image classification methods, and ViT-based image classification methods, and provides a comparative analysis of CNN and ViT. Subsequently, this paper outlines the application prospects of ViT in image classification and its future development and also outlines some shortcomings of ViT and its solutions.

关键词： Representation learning Analytical models Visualization Computational modeling Transformers Reservoirs Data models

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RKSeg+: make full use of Runge–Kutta methods in medical image segmentation

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Multimedia systems 2024年第2期30卷 65-65页

作者： Zhu, Mai Fu, Chong Wang, Xingwei School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China Engineering Research Center of Security Technology of Complex Network System Ministry of Education Shenyang110819 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China

The dynamical system perspective has been used to build efficient image classification networks and semantic segmentation networks. Furthermore, the Runge–Kutta (RK) methods are powerful tools for building networks from the dynamical systems perspective. Hence, the Runge–Kutta segmentation network (RKSeg) for medical image segmentation was born. Skip connections and multiple scaling are often used in common models but lack mathematical explanations. RKSeg interprets and uses skip connections based on the RK methods. Therefore, RKSeg greatly improves segmentation efficiency. However, it does not explain and use multiple scales from a dynamical system perspective but only inherits the multi-scale scheme of existing models. We compensate for this shortcoming by interpreting and using multiple scales based on the RK methods. In addition, the network structure also limits the excellent image classification networks as the backbones of RKSegs. Therefore, we modify the network structure to support more image classification networks as backbones. As a result, we propose a novel network structure RKSeg+. Our proposed RKSeg+ achieves better segmentation results with fewer parameters than RKSeg. Furthermore, RKSeg+, well configured with few parameters, outperforms state-of-the-art models on six of the ten organ datasets in the Medical Segmentation Decathlon. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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ATHENA: An In-vehicle CAN Intrusion Detection Framework Based on Physical Characteristics of Vehicle systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Kai Sun, Zhen Wang, Bailing Fan, Qilin Li, Ming Zhang, Hongke School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Weihai China Shandong Key Laboratory of Industrial Network Security China School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China Key Laboratory of Dependable Service Computing in Cyber Physical Society of Ministry of Education Chongqing University Chongqing China Jinan Key Laboratory of Distributed Databases Shandong Inspur Database Technology Co. Ltd Jinan China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China

With the growing interconnection between In-Vehicle Networks (IVNs) and external environments, intelligent vehicles are increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated external network attacks. This paper proposes ATHENA, the first IVN intrusion detection framework that adopts a vehicle-cloud integrated architecture to achieve better security performance for the resource-constrained vehicular environment. Specifically, in the cloud with sufficient resources, ATHENA uses the clustering method of multi-distribution mixture model combined with deep data mining technology to generate the raw Payload Rule Bank of IVN CAN messages, and then improves the rule quality with the help of exploitation on the first-principled physical knowledge of the vehicle system, after which the payload rules are periodically sent to the vehicle terminal. At the vehicle terminal, a simple LSTM component is used to generate the Time Rule Bank representing the long-term time series dependencies and the periodic characteristics of CAN messages, but not for any detection tasks as in traditional usage scenarios, where only the generated time rules are the candidates for further IVN intrusion detection tasks. Based on both the payload and time rules generated from cloud and vehicle terminal, ATHENA can achieve efficient intrusion detection capability by simple rule-base matching operations, rather than using complex black-box reasoning of resource-intensive neural network models, which is in fact only used for rule logic generation phase instead of the actual intrusion detection phase in our framework. Comparative experimental results on the ROAD dataset, which is current the most outstanding real-world in-vehicle CAN dataset covering new instances of sophisticated and stealthy masquerade attacks, demonstrate ATHENA significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art IVN intrusion detection methods in detecting complex attacks. We make the code available at https://***/wangkai-tech23/ATHENA. Copyright

关键词： Network intrusion

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SemHARQ: Semantic-Aware HARQ for Multi-task Semantic Communications

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hu, Jiangjing Wang, Fengyu Xu, Wenjun Gao, Hui Zhang, Ping The State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The State Key Laboratory of Network and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518066 China The Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service Ministry of Education Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China

Intelligent task-oriented semantic communications (SemComs) have witnessed great progress with the development of deep learning (DL). In this paper, we propose a semantic-aware hybrid automatic repeat request (SemHARQ) framework for the robust and efficient transmissions of semantic features. First, to improve the robustness and effectiveness of semantic coding, a multi-task semantic encoder is proposed. Meanwhile, a feature importance ranking (FIR) method is investigated to ensure the important features delivery under limited channel resources. Then, to accurately detect the possible transmission errors, a novel feature distortion evaluation (FDE) network is designed to identify the distortion level of each feature, based on which an efficient HARQ method is proposed. Specifically, the corrupted features are retransmitted, where the remaining channel resources are used for incremental transmissions. The system performance is evaluated under different channel conditions in multi-task scenarios in Internet of Vehicles. Extensive experiments show that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art works by more than 20% in rank-1 accuracy for vehicle re-identification, and 10% in vehicle color classification accuracy in the low signal-to-noise ratio regime. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

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A Scheme of Digital Twin Air Combat Battlefield and Digital Twin Model Design

A Scheme of Digital Twin Air Combat Battlefield and Digital ...

引用

Chinese Control and Decision Conference, CCDC

作者： Yi Hu Fangqi Zhang Yuanjing Ma Chinese Academy Sciences Shenyang Institute of Computing Technology University of Chinese Academy Sciences Shenyang China Chinese Academy Sciences Shenyang Institute of Computing Technology University of Chinese Academy Sciences Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Air Combat System AVIC Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shenyang China School of Science Shenyang Ligong University Shenyang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350387780

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387797

This paper provides a solution concept using digital twin technology for the battlefield environment for the air combat training. The scheme is divided into two aspects: digital twin battlefield and digital twin aircraft. The digital twin battlefield scheme discusses the three-dimensional modeling method of the battlefield and the update mechanism of battlefield environment data. The digital twin aircraft model scheme discusses the construction ideas of the aircraft twin model, and discusses the future application scenarios. With the advancement of technology and the iterative update of application scenarios, the digital twin air combat training battlefield will gradually realize various functions and explore more innovative application modes, realize the virtual environment interaction and digital twin function application of the entire battlefield environment.

关键词： Training Solid modeling Atmospheric modeling Virtual environments Data models Digital twins Aircraft manufacture

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Dfier: A Directed Vulnerability Verifier for Ethereum Smart Contracts

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Zeli Dai, Weiqi Li, Ming Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond Zou, Deqing Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Big Data Intelligent Security Ministry of Education College of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing40065 China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio United States

Existing smart contract vulnerability identification approaches mainly focus on complete program detection. Consequently, lots of known potentially vulnerable locations need manual verification, which is energy-exhaustive and error-prone. Fuzzing is an effective way to detect vulnerabilities. However, current fuzzers cannot effectively probe these suspicious targets because they overlook two key factors: exploring all paths toward the targets and providing high-quality directed seed inputs. This paper presents a Directed vulnerability veriFier (DFier), elaborating effective transaction sequences with directed inputs for the fuzzer, to focus on analyzing target paths and automatically detect whether the given locations are vulnerable. Specifically, DFier fuses the effectiveness of static analysis and the efficiency of fuzzing. The static analysis helps locate target paths and generate directed inputs for the fuzzer under three heuristic strategies. The first prefers inputs with the larger possibility of triggering potential vulnerabilities based on target features. The second guides the value mutation to satisfy the path constraints. The third adequately leverages execution information to help find exploits faster. Extensive experiments demonstrate that DFier is effective in verifying contract security, compared with three existing contract fuzzers (i.e., contractFuzzer, sFuzz, and conFuzzius). And the performance losses are in an acceptable range. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smart contract

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A Hybrid Routing Mutation Mechanism based on Mutation Cost and Resource Trustworthiness in Network Moving Target Defense 7

A Hybrid Routing Mutation Mechanism based on Mutation Cost a...

引用

7th IEEE International Conference on Data Science in Cyberspace, DSC 2022

作者： Guo, Kun Gao, Yibo Wang, Dongbin Zhi, Hui Zhang, Tao Lu, Yueming Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service Ministry of Education Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Cyberspace Security Research Center Peng Cheng Laboratory Beijing China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Beijing China TravelSky Technology Limited Beijing China China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9781665474801

ISBN: (纸本)9781665474801

Network moving target defense technology can effectively defend against attacker monitoring of the service. The technology makes it more difficult for attackers to attack and can ensure secure communication for services. However, there may be multiple network attacks in the network. As a result, there may be security problems with the trustworthiness of the network resource mutation space required for network moving target defense technology. The focus of current researches is mostly on the mutation timing and cost optimization of the resource mutation space. It may lead to the possibility that the resources in the resource mutation space have been already under network attacks. In this paper, we propose a hybrid routing mutation mechanism based on mutation cost and resource trustworthiness in SDN networks. The mechanism is able to evaluate the routing mutation space selected by the routing-based network moving target defense technology. In terms of both mutation cost and resource trustworthiness, the optimal weighting ratio of the two factors will be to discovered. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can effectively enhance the ability of the routing mutation space to avoid attacked nodes and links and improve the transmission success rate of services. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Network routing

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