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VirtCFT: A transparent VM-level fault-tolerant system for virtual clusters

VirtCFT: A transparent VM-level fault-tolerant system for vi...

引用

16th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed systems, ICPADS 2010

作者： Zhang, Minjia Jin, Hai Shi, Xuanhua Wu, Song Services Computing Technology and System Lab. School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543079

A virtual cluster consists of a multitude of virtual machines and software components that are doomed to fail eventually. In many environments, such failures can result in unanticipated, potentially devastating failure behavior and in service unavailability. The ability of failover is essential to the virtual cluster's availability, reliability, and manageability. Most of the existing methods have several common disadvantages: requiring modifications to the target processes or their OSes, which is usually error prone and sometimes impractical;only targeting at taking checkpoints of processes, not whole entire OS images, which limits the areas to be applied. In this paper we present VirtCFT, an innovative and practical system of fault tolerance for virtual cluster. VirtCFT is a system-level, coordinated distributed checkpointing fault tolerant system. It coordinates the distributed VMs to periodically reach the globally consistent state and take the checkpoint of the whole virtual cluster including states of CPU, memory, disk of each VM as well as the network communications. When faults occur, VirtCFT will automatically recover the entire virtual cluster to the correct state within a few seconds and keep it running. Superior to all the existing fault tolerance mechanisms, VirtCFT provides a simpler and totally transparent fault tolerant platform that allows existing, unmodified software and operating system (version unawareness) to be protected from the failure of the physical machine on which it runs. We have implemented this system based on the Xen virtualization platform. Our experiments with real-world benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness and correctness of VirtCFT. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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VITS Test Suit: A Micro-benchmark for Evaluating Performance Isolation of Virtualization systems

VITS Test Suit: A Micro-benchmark for Evaluating Performance...

引用

IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (ICEBE)

作者： Pingpeng Yuan Chong Ding Long Cheng Shengli Li Hai Jin Wenzhi Cao Service Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Virtualization technology improves the resource utilization, but also raises the probability of resource contention. Thus, it arises one problem, namely how about performance isolation among VMs. To answer the question, benchmarks are highly required to evaluate performance isolation. However, few benchmarks to give solutions to the problem are available. Especially, there does not exist a micro-benchmark to measure how the performance of individual primitive operations varies with the type of misbehavior. In the paper, we present VITS - a micro-benchmark to evaluate the performance isolation of virtualization system. VITS Test Suite can test both software and hardware performance isolation. It is mainly consisted of six interference programs, which respectively test the performance isolation of cache, memory bandwidth, memory space, CPU, network and disk. VITS Test Suite provides results for user to analyze the performance isolation problem of the virtualization system along with the underlying hardware. Besides, we test Xen using VITS test suit. The experimental results show that, the cache, memory and disk performance isolation still have some big weak points to improve, in other words, the current virtualization system Xen is still unfair in fine-grained resource share.

关键词： Virtual machining Interference Memory management Benchmark testing Driver circuits Hardware Operating systems

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Xenrelay: An Efficient Data Transmitting Approach for Tracing Guest Domain

Xenrelay: An Efficient Data Transmitting Approach for Tracin...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Cloud computing technology and Science (CloudCom)

作者： Hai Jin Wenzhi Cao Pingpeng Yuan Xia Xie Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory Services Computing Technique and System Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

As the degree of virtualization is growing considerably, improving performance of virtual machine environments motivates deeper investigation of the internal processes and performance implications of virtualization. Several tools are currently available to help analyze performance in virtual machine environments. However, all of these cannot support users to add their own trace information. In this paper, we present Xenrelay, a unified, efficient, and simple mechanism for transferring large amounts of data from guest domain kernel to privileged domain user-space. Xenrelay allows users (who trace subsystems of guest domain to analyze performance) to record and fast relay data between domains. We provide a case of Xenrelay's value in revealing behavior of virtualization. We build a block trace toolkit (using Xenrelay as an engine). This toolkit is used to track the block I/O virtualization procedures and evaluates overheads in the Xen environment. Our trace results identify that the main delay is the time of request transmission and block device operation. Besides, the results reveal impact of the I/O schedules on the disk performance.

关键词： Relays Kernel Bandwidth Data communication Virtual machining Performance evaluation Engines

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Transactional Memory Consistency : A New Consistency Model for Distributed Transactional Memory

Transactional Memory Consistency : A New Consistency Model f...

引用

The Third International Joint Conference on Computational Science and Optimization(第三届计算科学与优化国际大会 CSO 2010)

作者： Xuping Tu Xuepeng Fan Hai Jin Long Zheng Xin Peng Service Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Transactional memory (TM) is a parallel programming concept. Existing consistency protocols in distributed transactional memory system consume too much bandwidth and bring high latency. In this paper, we propose our Transaction Memory Consistency Protocol (TMCP), and point the new features compared to the current protocols. After formulating our model and analyzing the performance, we found both too much and too little execution time will cause more conflicts, given that the execution time of transaction population follows Gamma distribution. We indicate that it is important to adjust the execution time to a reasonable value to improve performance.

关键词： distributed system distributed shared memory software transactional memory consistency model

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Virtual Machine Management Based on Agent Service

Virtual Machine Management Based on Agent Service

引用

IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed computing, Applications and Technologies (PDCAT)

作者： Song Wu Li Deng Hai Jin Xuanhua Shi Yankun Zhao Wei Gao Jianyin Zhang Jin Peng Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China China Mobile Research Institute Beijing China

With the popularity of virtualization, the problem that how to manage hundreds even thousands of virtual machines running on multiple physical computing nodes becomes important. Current virtual machine management systems only can obtain basic information of virtual machines and execute simple operations on them, such as start, reboot and shutdown. In this paper, we design a virtual machine management approach based on agent service. Agent service can provide detail running status information inside virtual machines. It also has been a bridge for host machines and virtual machines to interact with each other. Agent service is designed to automatically start when virtual machine boots up. By agent service we can get real-time information about virtual machines. We evaluate monitoring overhead and the performance of batch operations when using agent. The experimental results show that agent mechanism outperforms methods using Libvirt or VMware tools.

关键词： Virtual machining Servers Monitoring Maintenance engineering Operating systems Hardware

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Performance Modeling of Resource Failures in grid Environments

Performance Modeling of Resource Failures in Grid Environmen...

引用

Japan-China Joint Workshop on Frontier of Computer Science and technology (FCST)

作者： Yongcai Tao Song Wu Lei Shi School of Information Engineering University of Zhengzhou Zhengzhou Henan China Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Lab Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

grid is susceptible to a number of software and hardware failures, so a deep understanding of and modeling the grid resource failures are a challenge and have significant influence on grid researching. However, due to various reasons such as commercial secret and security, it is difficult to obtain real historical logs of grids. Therefore, an accurate model of resource failures is critically useful. In the paper, through analyzing the grid log data, we detail the suitability of three potential statistical distributions for each data set: Weibull, Zipf's law and Pareto. Then, this paper develops a grid resource failure simulator. Finally, with the different failure patterns generated by the failure simulator, the paper evaluates several common scheduling algorithms used in grid systems.

关键词： Scheduling algorithm Weibull distribution Transient analysis Computational modeling User interfaces Distribution functions

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VirtCFT: A Transparent VM-Level Fault-Tolerant system for Virtual clusters

VirtCFT: A Transparent VM-Level Fault-Tolerant System for Vi...

引用

International Conference on Parallel and Distributed systems (ICPADS)

作者： Minjia Zhang Hai Jin Xuanhua Shi Song Wu Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

A virtual cluster consists of a multitude of virtual machines and software components that are doomed to fail eventually. In many environments, such failures can result in unanticipated, potentially devastating failure behavior and in service unavailability. The ability of failover is essential to the virtual cluster's availability, reliability, and manageability. Most of the existing methods have several common disadvantages: requiring modifications to the target processes or their OSes, which is usually error prone and sometimes impractical; only targeting at taking checkpoints of processes, not whole entire OS images, which limits the areas to be applied. In this paper we present VirtCFT, an innovative and practical system of fault tolerance for virtual cluster. VirtCFT is a system-level, coordinated distributed checkpointing fault tolerant system. It coordinates the distributed VMs to periodically reach the globally consistent state and take the checkpoint of the whole virtual cluster including states of CPU, memory, disk of each VM as well as the network communications. When faults occur, VirtCFT will automatically recover the entire virtual cluster to the correct state within a few seconds and keep it running. Superior to all the existing fault tolerance mechanisms, VirtCFT provides a simpler and totally transparent fault tolerant platform that allows existing, unmodified software and operating system (version unawareness) to be protected from the failure of the physical machine on which it runs. We have implemented this system based on the Xen virtualization platform. Our experiments with real-world benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness and correctness of VirtCFT.

关键词： Virtual machining Fault tolerant systems Fault tolerance Checkpointing Protocols Kernel

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Adaptive audio-aware scheduling in Xen virtual environment

Adaptive audio-aware scheduling in Xen virtual environment

引用

IEEE/ACS International Conference on Computer systems and Applications

作者： Huacai Chen Hai Jin Kan Hu Minhao Yuan Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

With the development of client virtualization technology, it has become an important tendency to apply soft real-time applications in virtual environment. Currently, most schedulers in VMM (i.e., virtual machine monitor) take the fairly sharing of processor resources and load balancing as a main concern, while show less regard to application diversity and I/O responsiveness. This would be unable to meet the requirement for latency-sensitive tasks, such as audio application. Audio stream may suffer from severe input buffer overrun or output buffer underrun, especially in the case that there is no real-time guarantee on virtualized clients under heavy load. In this paper, we introduce experiments to illustrate that current scheduler in Xen does a poor job in guaranteeing fluent audio playing, and then formulate the fluent playing conditions a scheduler should satisfy. A scheduling strategy with soft real-time support is proposed to improve the responsiveness of latency-sensitive guests. To implement our proposition, we extend the Credit scheduler by using flexible time slice and real-time priority. Our solution is audio-aware and capable of adjusting the real-time priority of guest domains adaptively, achieving a better experience for end-users. The experimental results show that audio glitches can be completely eliminated via our extended scheduler even when the system load is very high.

关键词： Client virtualization flexible time slice latency-sensitive real-time priority

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Dynamic Switching-Frequency Scaling: Scheduling Overcommitted Domains in Xen VMM

Dynamic Switching-Frequency Scaling: Scheduling Overcommitte...

引用

International Conference on Parallel Processing (ICPP)

作者： Huacai Chen Hai Jin Kan Hu Jian Huang Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Virtualization enables multiple guest operating systems run on a single physical platform. These virtual machines may host any types of application, including concurrent HPC programs. Traditionally, VMM schedulers have focused on fairly sharing the processor resources among domains, rarely consider VCPUs' behaviors. However, this can result in poor application performance to overcommitted domains if there are concurrent programs hosted in them. In this paper we review the properties of both Xen's Credit and SEDF schedulers, and show how these schedulers may seriously impact the performance of the communication-intensive and I/O-intensive concurrent applications in overcommitted domains. We discuss the origination of the problem theoretically, and confirm the derived conclusion on benchmarks. A novel approach, that dynamically scales the context switching-frequency by selecting variable time slices according to VCPUs` behaviors, is then proposed to improve the Credit scheduler more adaptive for concurrent applications. The experimental results show that this extended Credit scheduler can improve the performance of communication-intensive and I/O-intensive concurrent applications in overcommitted domains to the same magnitude as in undercommitted domains.

关键词： Switches Context Dynamic scheduling Monitoring Dispersion Instruction sets Hardware

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MT-BTRIMER: A Master-Slave Multi-threaded Dynamic Binary Translator

MT-BTRIMER: A Master-Slave Multi-threaded Dynamic Binary Tra...

引用

Japan-China Joint Workshop on Frontier of Computer Science and technology (FCST)

作者： Xuping Tu Hai Jin Zhibin Yu Jie Chen Yabin Hu Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Most of the current dynamic binary translation (DBT) systems are single-threaded and many orders of magnitude slower than native execution. Although multi-core processors are becoming more and more prevalent, the single-threaded architecture prevents these DBT systems from improving their performance by making full use of the parallel execution advantage. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a multi-threaded DBT system, named MT-BTRIMER. MT-BTRIMER employs a master-slave multi-threaded architecture. We evaluate the MT-BTRIMER system across SPEC CINT 2000 and BYTEmark test suite. The results demonstrate that MT-BTRIMER can speculatively translate on average 60% of useful target code, and reduce the total runtime by nearly 30% compared with ST-BTRIMER which is a single-threaded DBT system.

关键词： Instruction sets Message systems Runtime Benchmark testing Scalability Context Synchronization

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