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VirtCFT: A Transparent VM-Level Fault-Tolerant system for Virtual clusters

VirtCFT: A Transparent VM-Level Fault-Tolerant System for Vi...

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International Conference on Parallel and Distributed systems (ICPADS)

作者： Minjia Zhang Hai Jin Xuanhua Shi Song Wu Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

A virtual cluster consists of a multitude of virtual machines and software components that are doomed to fail eventually. In many environments, such failures can result in unanticipated, potentially devastating failure behavior and in service unavailability. The ability of failover is essential to the virtual cluster's availability, reliability, and manageability. Most of the existing methods have several common disadvantages: requiring modifications to the target processes or their OSes, which is usually error prone and sometimes impractical; only targeting at taking checkpoints of processes, not whole entire OS images, which limits the areas to be applied. In this paper we present VirtCFT, an innovative and practical system of fault tolerance for virtual cluster. VirtCFT is a system-level, coordinated distributed checkpointing fault tolerant system. It coordinates the distributed VMs to periodically reach the globally consistent state and take the checkpoint of the whole virtual cluster including states of CPU, memory, disk of each VM as well as the network communications. When faults occur, VirtCFT will automatically recover the entire virtual cluster to the correct state within a few seconds and keep it running. Superior to all the existing fault tolerance mechanisms, VirtCFT provides a simpler and totally transparent fault tolerant platform that allows existing, unmodified software and operating system (version unawareness) to be protected from the failure of the physical machine on which it runs. We have implemented this system based on the Xen virtualization platform. Our experiments with real-world benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness and correctness of VirtCFT.

关键词： Virtual machining Fault tolerant systems Fault tolerance Checkpointing Protocols Kernel

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Adaptive audio-aware scheduling in Xen virtual environment

Adaptive audio-aware scheduling in Xen virtual environment

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IEEE/ACS International Conference on Computer systems and Applications

作者： Huacai Chen Hai Jin Kan Hu Minhao Yuan Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

With the development of client virtualization technology, it has become an important tendency to apply soft real-time applications in virtual environment. Currently, most schedulers in VMM (i.e., virtual machine monitor) take the fairly sharing of processor resources and load balancing as a main concern, while show less regard to application diversity and I/O responsiveness. This would be unable to meet the requirement for latency-sensitive tasks, such as audio application. Audio stream may suffer from severe input buffer overrun or output buffer underrun, especially in the case that there is no real-time guarantee on virtualized clients under heavy load. In this paper, we introduce experiments to illustrate that current scheduler in Xen does a poor job in guaranteeing fluent audio playing, and then formulate the fluent playing conditions a scheduler should satisfy. A scheduling strategy with soft real-time support is proposed to improve the responsiveness of latency-sensitive guests. To implement our proposition, we extend the Credit scheduler by using flexible time slice and real-time priority. Our solution is audio-aware and capable of adjusting the real-time priority of guest domains adaptively, achieving a better experience for end-users. The experimental results show that audio glitches can be completely eliminated via our extended scheduler even when the system load is very high.

关键词： Client virtualization flexible time slice latency-sensitive real-time priority

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Dynamic Switching-Frequency Scaling: Scheduling Overcommitted Domains in Xen VMM

Dynamic Switching-Frequency Scaling: Scheduling Overcommitte...

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International Conference on Parallel Processing (ICPP)

作者： Huacai Chen Hai Jin Kan Hu Jian Huang Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Virtualization enables multiple guest operating systems run on a single physical platform. These virtual machines may host any types of application, including concurrent HPC programs. Traditionally, VMM schedulers have focused on fairly sharing the processor resources among domains, rarely consider VCPUs' behaviors. However, this can result in poor application performance to overcommitted domains if there are concurrent programs hosted in them. In this paper we review the properties of both Xen's Credit and SEDF schedulers, and show how these schedulers may seriously impact the performance of the communication-intensive and I/O-intensive concurrent applications in overcommitted domains. We discuss the origination of the problem theoretically, and confirm the derived conclusion on benchmarks. A novel approach, that dynamically scales the context switching-frequency by selecting variable time slices according to VCPUs` behaviors, is then proposed to improve the Credit scheduler more adaptive for concurrent applications. The experimental results show that this extended Credit scheduler can improve the performance of communication-intensive and I/O-intensive concurrent applications in overcommitted domains to the same magnitude as in undercommitted domains.

关键词： Switches Context Dynamic scheduling Monitoring Dispersion Instruction sets Hardware

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MT-BTRIMER: A Master-Slave Multi-threaded Dynamic Binary Translator

MT-BTRIMER: A Master-Slave Multi-threaded Dynamic Binary Tra...

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Japan-China Joint Workshop on Frontier of Computer Science and technology (FCST)

作者： Xuping Tu Hai Jin Zhibin Yu Jie Chen Yabin Hu Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Most of the current dynamic binary translation (DBT) systems are single-threaded and many orders of magnitude slower than native execution. Although multi-core processors are becoming more and more prevalent, the single-threaded architecture prevents these DBT systems from improving their performance by making full use of the parallel execution advantage. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a multi-threaded DBT system, named MT-BTRIMER. MT-BTRIMER employs a master-slave multi-threaded architecture. We evaluate the MT-BTRIMER system across SPEC CINT 2000 and BYTEmark test suite. The results demonstrate that MT-BTRIMER can speculatively translate on average 60% of useful target code, and reduce the total runtime by nearly 30% compared with ST-BTRIMER which is a single-threaded DBT system.

关键词： Instruction sets Message systems Runtime Benchmark testing Scalability Context Synchronization

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FTDS: Adjusting Virtual computing Resources in Threshing Cases

FTDS: Adjusting Virtual Computing Resources in Threshing Cas...

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Euromicro Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing

作者： Jian Huang Hai Jin Kan Hu Zhiyuan Shao Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

In a virtual execution environment, dynamic computing resource adjustment technique, configuring the computing resource of virtual machines automatically according to the actual loads generated by applications, is often adopted in virtual machine monitor to improve the resource utilization rate. Traditionally, the simple Additive Increase Subtractive Decrease (AISD) scheme is used as an adjusting rule. However, in some special situations, for example, compiling kernel in a virtual machine, the configuration of virtual machines may change abruptly because of the violent vibration of workload during a short interval, and the threshing can inevitably result in additional overhead under AISD rule. In this paper, we extend the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) algorithm and present a feedback control model for configuring virtual computing resources, and propose an innovative adjusting scheme called Forecasting and Time Delayed Subtraction (FTDS) to reduce the overhead caused by threshing. The FTDS uses both statistic history of resource requests and current utilization of computing resource to predict whether threshing happens and to determine how many and when to adjust the amount of virtual CPUs. Experimental results show that FTDS can effectively reduce the jitter occurred in adjusting and make the performance penalty for threshing decreased from 9% to 0.3% compared with AISD, while maintaining that in non-threshing cases the same as AISD.

关键词： Virtual machining Virtual machine monitors Resource management Kernel Three-term control Feedback control Predictive models Delay effects Statistics History

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Measurement Study of PKTown: A P2P-Based Multiplayer Online Game Supporting system

Measurement Study of PKTown: A P2P-Based Multiplayer Online ...

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International Symposium on Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Programming (PAAP)

作者： Xuping Tu Hai Jin Wenbin Jiang Xiaofei Liao Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Multiplayer Online Game has been extremely popular, in which peer-to-peer technology has been introduced to help with the scaling. This paper presents a measurement study on a P2P-based MOG supporting system, called PKTown, which has been fully deployed over the CERNET. By leveraging a large set of traces obtained recently over a 4-month period, we study the benefit of P2P architecture applying to MOG supporting system, workload characteristics, players' behaviors and impact form a number of system parameters. We believe this provides insights in understanding the fundamental nature of MOG, which can be further explored to enhance the system design.

关键词： Games Servers Relays Correlation Bandwidth Peer to peer computing Computer architecture

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XenMVM: Exploring Potential Performance of Multi-Core system in Virtual Machine Environment

XenMVM: Exploring Potential Performance of Multi-Core System...

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International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Technologies and Applications (ICUT)

作者： Zhiyuan Shao Jian Huang Hai Jin Kan Hu Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

In this work, we propose computing resource management system based on Xen VMM and multi-core system, called XenMVM. It adjusts the computing resource dynamically according to the actual workload generated by the applications running in the virtual machine to improve the resource utilization of the computer system. According to the shared L2 cache architecture of multi-core system, we propose the Underlying Layout Aware Scheduling (ULAS) which can schedule the virtual CPUs of virtual machines to the appropriate physical CPUs. The test result shows that ULAS can improve the performance about 4.5%~32.52%. Furthermore, to improve the whole performance of multiple virtual machines and meet the needs of specific jobs (i.e., urgent and I/O intensive) deployed in the virtual machines, a simplified method called Domain-based static priority is adopted in XenMVM. Using case studies we show that our proposal reduces the turnover time of the whole system by 20.45% compared with FCFS scheduling scheme.

关键词： Virtual machining Processor scheduling Program processors Multicore processing Scheduling Resource management

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Meld: A Real-Time Message Logic Debugging system for Distributed systems

Meld: A Real-Time Message Logic Debugging System for Distrib...

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on services computing (APSCC)

作者： Xuping Tu Hai Jin Xuepeng Fan Jiang Ye Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

The largest difference between a distributed and a non-distributed system is that the former introduces network messages to the system. Network messages bring the scalability to a distributed system as well as complexity to it. Testing large-scale distributed systems is a great challenge, because some errors happen after a distributed sequence of events that involves machine and network failures. Meld is a checker that allows developers to specify expected message logic on a deployed distributed system, and that verifies these logics while the system is running. When Meld finds a problem it starts collecting more information that led to the problem, allowing developers to quickly find the root cause. Developers write message logics on Meld and Meld verifies them through analyzing the collected abstract of messages. By using binary instrumentation, Meld works almost transparently with debugged systems and can change logics to be checked at runtime. An evaluation with a deployed system shows that Meld can detect non-trivial correctness at runtime.

关键词： Servers Debugging Runtime Monitoring Computer bugs Receivers Payloads

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VITS Test Suit: A Micro-benchmark for Evaluating Performance Isolation of Virtualization systems

VITS Test Suit: A Micro-benchmark for Evaluating Performance...

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IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (ICEBE)

作者： Pingpeng Yuan Chong Ding Long Cheng Shengli Li Hai Jin Wenzhi Cao Service Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Virtualization technology improves the resource utilization, but also raises the probability of resource contention. Thus, it arises one problem, namely how about performance isolation among VMs. To answer the question, benchmarks are highly required to evaluate performance isolation. However, few benchmarks to give solutions to the problem are available. Especially, there does not exist a micro-benchmark to measure how the performance of individual primitive operations varies with the type of misbehavior. In the paper, we present VITS - a micro-benchmark to evaluate the performance isolation of virtualization system. VITS Test Suite can test both software and hardware performance isolation. It is mainly consisted of six interference programs, which respectively test the performance isolation of cache, memory bandwidth, memory space, CPU, network and disk. VITS Test Suite provides results for user to analyze the performance isolation problem of the virtualization system along with the underlying hardware. Besides, we test Xen using VITS test suit. The experimental results show that, the cache, memory and disk performance isolation still have some big weak points to improve, in other words, the current virtualization system Xen is still unfair in fine-grained resource share.

关键词： Virtual machining Interference Memory management Benchmark testing Driver circuits Hardware Operating systems

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Virtual Machine Management Based on Agent Service

Virtual Machine Management Based on Agent Service

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IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed computing, Applications and Technologies (PDCAT)

作者： Song Wu Li Deng Hai Jin Xuanhua Shi Yankun Zhao Wei Gao Jianyin Zhang Jin Peng Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China China Mobile Research Institute Beijing China

With the popularity of virtualization, the problem that how to manage hundreds even thousands of virtual machines running on multiple physical computing nodes becomes important. Current virtual machine management systems only can obtain basic information of virtual machines and execute simple operations on them, such as start, reboot and shutdown. In this paper, we design a virtual machine management approach based on agent service. Agent service can provide detail running status information inside virtual machines. It also has been a bridge for host machines and virtual machines to interact with each other. Agent service is designed to automatically start when virtual machine boots up. By agent service we can get real-time information about virtual machines. We evaluate monitoring overhead and the performance of batch operations when using agent. The experimental results show that agent mechanism outperforms methods using Libvirt or VMware tools.

关键词： Virtual machining Servers Monitoring Maintenance engineering Operating systems Hardware

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