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Signal to noise ratio estimation of secondary synchronous signal 1

2011 International Conference on Future Wireless Networks and Information systems, ICFWI 2011

作者： Liu, Qiang Ma, Chixiang Lin, Ping Beijing Embedded System Key Lab. Beijing University of Technology 100124 Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9783642273230

ISBN: (纸本)9783642273223

In this paper, two methods of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation based on the Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) in long term evolution (LTE) system are proposed. The proposed methods utilize the subcarriers carrying SSS to estimate the average signal power and average SNR. Performances are described over Rayleigh fading channels. Simulation results show that the proposed methods are robust over multipath fading channels with large Doppler frequency. The proposed methods are also simulated and analyzed when timing error exists, and the performance is excellent. © 2012 Springer-Verlag GmbH.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Extended and improved slicing technologies for Petri nets

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High technology Letters 2013年第1期19卷 98-104页

作者： Yu, Wangyang Yan, Chungang Ding, Zhijun Fang, Xianwen Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China Key Lab. of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China

Petri net is an important tool to model and analyze concurrent systems, but Petri net models are frequently large and complex, and difficult to understand and modify. Slicing is a technique to remove unnecessary parts with respect to a criterion for analyzing programs, and has been widely used in specification level for model reduction, but researches on slicing of Petri nets are still limited. According to the idea of program slicing, this paper extends slicing technologies of Petri nets to four kinds of slices, including backward static slice, backward dynamic slice, forward static slice and forward dynamic slice. Based on the structure properties, the algorithms of obtaining two kinds of static slice are constructed. Then, a new method of slicing backward dynamic slice is proposed based on local reachability graph which can locally reflect the dynamic properties of Petri nets. At last, forward dynamic slice can be obtained through the reachability marking graph under a special marking. The algorithms can be used to reduce the size of Petri net, which can provide the basic technical support for simplifying the complexity of formal verification and analysis. © by HIGH technology LETTERS PRESS.

关键词： Petri nets

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Modeling and monitoring of online shopping business processes based on system behavior patterns

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Journal of Computational Information systems 2013年第12期9卷 4691-4698页

作者： Yu, Wangyang Yan, Chungang Ding, Zhijun Zhong, Junzhu Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China Key Lab. of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China

Online shopping integrating third-party payment platforms (TPPs) has rapidly developed recently. The integration leads to new security problems derived from complex interactions among Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), and the detection of such defects in application-level is costly and difficult. To deal with these security issues at the online stages, this paper presents a framework of modeling and monitoring online shopping business processes from the point of legal behavior patterns. We present Online Shopping Net (OSN) to model the normal business process, and make it as the legal behavior pattern used to monitor system behaviors. Then, a monitor based on OSN is constructed. The system behaviors beyond the legal behavior pattern would be alarmed and blocked. It is a novel attempt to guarantee the security of online shopping from the point of behaviors and online monitoring. Using the active defense tactics, we can effectively prevent the illegal behaviors of the users at application-level instead of constantly fixing bugs of applications. As a case study, we simulate an e-commerce site and a TPP, and the monitor can effectively prevent the malicious behaviors appearing recently. © 2013 by Binary Information Press.

关键词： Application programming interfaces (API)

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A modified background calibration technique for multi-bit delta-sigma modulators

A modified background calibration technique for multi-bit de...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Advanced Computer Control, ICACC 2011

作者： Peng, Bei Li, Hao Lin, Pingfen Beijing Embedded System Key Lab. Beijing University of Technology Beijing China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424488087

A digital background calibration technique for capacitors mismatch in multi-bit delta-sigma modulator is proposed in this paper. The approach is correlation-based, in which a single-bit pseudo-random noise (PN) is used to identify the error module, minimizing the analog circuit overhead. This algorithm works by estimating every DAC capacitor in turn with the PN signal injection and compensates for capacitor mismatch in digital domain. It is simple and requires minor circuit modification in analog domain. The tradeoff involved is the dynamic range degradation due to PN injection. Behavior level simulations demonstrate effective compensation for capacitors mismatch in a second-order modulator. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Modulators

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Extracting intra-and inter-activity association patterns from daily routines of elders

Extracting intra-and inter-activity association patterns fro...

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11th International Conference on Smart Homes and Health Telematics, ICOST 2013

作者： Lin, Qiang Zhang, Daqing Li, Dongsheng Ni, Hongbo Zhou, Xingshe Shaanxi Key Lab of Embedded System Technology School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University 710129 Xi'an China Handicom Lab Institut TELECOM SudParis 91000 Evry France

ISBN: (纸本)9783642394690

One of the most challenging issues faced by many elders is the over-decreasing independence mainly caused by impaired physical, cognitive, and/or sensory abilities. Activity recognition can be used to help elders live longer in their own homes independently, by providing assurance of safety, instructing performance of activity and assessing cognitive status. In this work, we propose to discover both intra-and inter-activity association patterns from daily routines of elderly people. Specifically, a data mining method is proposed to extract the most frequent sequential sequences of steps inside each individual activity (i.e., intra-activity pattern) and activities (i.e., inter-activity pattern) of a set of daily activities. These patterns can then be used to model human daily activities for activity recognition purpose, or to directly instruct/prompt elders with impaired memory when they perform daily routines. The experimental results conducted on two individuals' datasets of daily activities show that our proposed approach is workable to discover these association patterns. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Data mining

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Sparse Least Square Support Vector Machines based on Random Entropy 36

Sparse Least Square Support Vector Machines based on Random ...

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第36届中国控制会议

作者： Wenlu Ma Han Liu Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering Xi'an University of Technology Shaanxi Key Lab. of Complex System Control and Intelligent Information Processing Faculty of Automation and Information EngineeringXi’an University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629185

Least squares support vector machines(LSSVM) has a good performance in small data samples, but can't solve the large-scale sample problems. In this paper, large data set sparse least squares support vector machines model based on stochastic entropy is proposed, and it can be applied to large-scale data samples. Firstly, the large-scale data set is divided into several subsets. Then the entropy method is used to the sparse samples in each subset. Finally, we use sparse samples sets as training samples, and use least squares support vector machine algorithm to train. The results show that the sparse least squares support vector machine model based on entropy can effectively solve the problem of large-scale data.

关键词： Sparsity LSSVM Large-scale data Random Entropy

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Identifying Sleep Apnea Syndrome Using Heart Rate and Breathing Effort Variation Analysis Based on Ballistocardiography

Identifying Sleep Apnea Syndrome Using Heart Rate and Breath...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Weichao Zhao Hongbo Ni Xingshe Zhou Yalong Song Tianben Wang the Shaanxi Key Lab of Embedded System in Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 CHN the Shaanxi Key Lab of Embedded System Technology in Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 CHN Shaanxi Key Lab of Embedded System in Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710129 CHN

ISBN: (纸本)9781424492695

Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is regarded as one of the most common sleep-related breathing disorders, which can severely affect sleep quality. Since SAS is usually accompanied with the cyclical heart rate variation (HRV), many studies have been conducted on heart rate (HR) to identify it at an earlier stage. While most related work mainly based on clinical devices or signals (e.g., polysomnography (PSG), electrocardiography (ECG)), in this paper we focus on the ballistocardiographic (BCG) signal which is obtained in a non-invasive way. Moreover, as the precision and reliability of BCG signal are not so good as PSG or ECG, we propose a fine-grained feature extraction and analysis approach in SAS recognition. Our analysis takes both the basic HRV features and the breathing effort variation into consideration during different sleep stages rather than the whole night. The breathing effort refers to the mechanical interaction between respiration and BCG signal when SAS events occur, which is independent from autonomous nervous system (ANS) modulations. Specifically, a novel method named STC-Min is presented to extract the breathing effort variation feature. The basic HRV features depict the ANS modulations on HR and Sample Entropy and Detrended Fluctuation Analysis are applied for the evaluations. All the extracted features along with personal factors are fed into the knowledge-based support vector machine (KSVM) classification model, and the prior knowledge is based on dataset distribution and domain knowledge. Experimental results on 42 subjects in 3 nights validate the effectiveness of the methods and features in identifying SAS (90.46% precision rate and 88.89% recall rate).

关键词： sleep apnea syndrome ballistocardiographic signal non-invasive breathing effort variation

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A light-weight system for detecting indoor wandering of demented elders living alone

A light-weight system for detecting indoor wandering of deme...

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2014 IEEE International Conference on Orange Technologies, ICOT 2014

作者： Zhao, Weichao Zhou, Xingshe Ni, Hongbo Lin, Qiang Shaanxi Key Lab of Embedded System Technology School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an710129 China School of Mathematics and Computer Science Northwest University for Nationalities Lanzhou730030 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479962846

Wandering can be seen as one of the most frequent and dangerous behaviors of the elderly with dementia, bringing negative effects on their physical and mental health and heavy caring burden on stakeholders. In order to detect the indoor wandering of demented elders living alone in real time, this paper proposes a light-weight wandering detection system named LWDS. Specifically, the LWDS system first collects the location information with timestamp using a pair of pyroelectric infrared sensors mounted on the doors of each room, and then classifies the ongoing trajectory consisting of a series of locations into different wandering locomotion patterns according to an established wandering model. After a trajectory has been detected as containing wandering behavior, the developed system will send an alert to their carers for necessary treatment. The non-intrusive and easy-to-deploy properties ensure the proposed LWDS system can find wandering behaviors in a cost-effective and energy-efficient manner around the clock. An experimental evaluation conducted on a group of real data collected from two elders showed that the LWDS is effective in detecting indoor wandering when they moved across different rooms and obtained a detection ratio of more than 90.03% for the wandering patterns. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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A generalized model with spatial resources lab.ls

A generalized model with spatial resources labels

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2010 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Computer Science, ICBECS 2010

作者： Jun, Niu Zeng, Guosun Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai China College of Information Engineering Zhejiang Business Technology Institute Ningbo China Embedded System and Service Computing Key Lab. Ministry of Education Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424453153

This paper proposes a generalized model by extending Markov chain with spatial resources lab.ls, which can describe the functional and performance properties and some basic characteristics such as nondeterminacy and randomicity. The syntax and semantics of the new model are shown based on the existing temporal logics such as CSRL and pathCSRL. The model checking procedure is discussed and thus the practicability of the new model is intuitive. Based on the existing models, the proposed model includes spatial resources lab.ls only by adding the spatial information to the existing lab.ls of states, so the treatment of the state explosion problem is similar to that in the existing models. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Model checking

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Reduction criteria for probabilistic models with spatial restrictions on states

Reduction criteria for probabilistic models with spatial res...

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2nd International Conference on Networks Security, Wireless Communications and Trusted Computing, NSWCTC 2010

ISBN: (纸本)9780769540115

Partial order reduction techniques have been used to combat the state explosion problem in model checking procedures for concurrent systems with probabilistic behaviors. There are some results that give criteria on applying partial order reduction for verifying quantitative time properties and reward-based properties on actions. However, there are many situations that reward-based properties are expressed on states rather than on actions because actions are triggered in no time and the quantities can not be obtained easily. This paper presents reduction criteria for a probabilistic temporal logic that allows specification of restrictions on quantitative measures given by spatial resources function for the states of the considered system and provides the proof of the correctness. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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