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Unsupervised feature selection via multiple graph fusion and feature weight learning

Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第5期66卷 56-72页

作者： Chang TANG Xiao ZHENG Wei ZHANG Xinwang LIU Xinzhong ZHU En ZHU School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University School of Computer National University of Defense Technology National Supercomputing Center in Jinan Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) College of Mathematics Physics and Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University

Unsupervised feature selection attempts to select a small number of discriminative features from original high-dimensional data and preserve the intrinsic data structure without using data labels. As an unsupervised learning task, most previous methods often use a coefficient matrix for feature reconstruction or feature projection, and a certain similarity graph is widely utilized to regularize the intrinsic structure preservation of original data in a new feature space. However, a similarity graph with poor quality could inevitably afect the final results. In addition, designing a rational and efective feature reconstruction/projection model is not easy. In this paper, we introduce a novel and efective unsupervised feature selection method via multiple graph fusion and feature weight learning（MGF2WL） to address these issues. Instead of learning the feature coefficient matrix, we directly learn the weights of diferent feature dimensions by introducing a feature weight matrix, and the weighted features are projected into the label space. Aiming to exploit sufficient relation of data samples, we develop a graph fusion term to fuse multiple predefined similarity graphs for learning a unified similarity graph, which is then deployed to regularize the local data structure of original data in a projected label space. Finally, we design a block coordinate descent algorithm with a convergence guarantee to solve the resulting optimization problem. Extensive experiments with sufficient analyses on various datasets are conducted to validate the efficacy of our proposed MGF2WL.

关键词： unsupervised feature selection graph fusion feature weight learning local structure preservation

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PC-BNA: Parallel Convolution Binary Neural Network Accelerator 24

PC-BNA: Parallel Convolution Binary Neural Network Accelerat...

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24th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, 8th IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Systems, 20th IEEE International Conference on Smart City and 8th IEEE International Conference on Dependability in Sensor, Cloud and Big Data Systems and Application, HPCC/DSS/SmartCity/DependSys 2022

作者： Liu, Haihui Zhang, Yuang Zheng, Xiangwei Yu, Mengxin An, Baoxu Liu, Xiaojie School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Normal University Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Distributed Computer Software Novel Technology Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350319934

Binary neural network (BNN) is widely used in speech recognition, image processing and other fields to save memory and speed up computing. However, the accuracy of the existing binarization scheme in the realistic dataset is obviously low, and the input layer uses 32-bit floating point to avoid excessive precision loss, which requires additional computing units and increases the computational burden. Therefore, it is very important to improve the input layer, save computing resources and reduce precision loss. In this paper, we propose a parallel convolution binary neural network accelerator architecture (PC-BNA). Based on our proposed BNN model, we design an efficient field programmable gate array (FPGA) based accelerator. The input of the first layer is binarized, the traditional binary convolution layer is replaced by a parallel binary convolution, and the network building blocks are improved. The experimental results show that the proposed PC-BNA has higher accuracy and better performance on CIFAR-10. The image recognition accuracy is as high as 91.4%, which is superior to the state-of-art of the BNN accelerator. Compared to the state-of-the-art BNN model, when using the same model size, the use of look-up-table (LUT) saves 9.08%, and the digital signal processor (DSP) saves 27.7%. The results suggest that it is promising for PC-BNA in future high performance mobile artificial intelligence applications. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Singular Value Decomposition Based Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction 26

Singular Value Decomposition Based Pedestrian Trajectory Pre...

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26th International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2023

作者： Wang, Heng Zhang, Guijuan Liu, Hong Lu, Dianjie Shandong Normal University School of Information Science and Engineering Jinan250358 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Novel Distributed Computer Software Technology Jinan250358 China State Key Laboratory of High-end Server & Storage Technology Jinan250101 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331684

Numerous cameras deployed in venues can collect video data, which can be analyzed to help evacuate people in emergency situations. Most surveillance videos can provide data support for pedestrian trajectory prediction. However, data-driven prediction method do not consider the impact of personalization on pedestrian trajectories, which results in ignoring individual personalization. How to accurately analyze the differences among pedestrians and yet accurately predict pedestrian trajectories is a challenging problem. To solve the above problems, we propose an singular value decomposition (SVD) based pedestrian trajectory prediction method, which introduces matrix decomposition to pedestrian trajectory prediction for the first time. Thus, This method analyzes the impact of pedestrian personalization on motion trajectories by mining the interaction patterns between pedestrians and environment. Firstly, we propose an information collection method based on environmental semantics, which can extract scene information from historical video data to construct an environmental information matrix. Secondly, we propose an SVD-based individual environmental feature preference method, which uses singular value decomposition methods to mine the data and analyze personalized pedestrian motion patterns to construct a personalized individual preference matrix. Finally, we built an personalized trajectory prediction method to predict pedestrian movement trajectories. The experimental results show that the method can not only analyze the effect of personalization on pedestrian movement but also accurately predict the pedestrian movement trajectory. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Singular value decomposition

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Graph Convolutional Network with Long Time Memory for Skeleton-based Action Recognition 26

Graph Convolutional Network with Long Time Memory for Skelet...

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26th International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2023

作者： Qi, Yanpeng Pang, Chen Liu, Yiliang Liu, Hong Lyu, Lei Shandong Normal University School of Information Science and Engineering Jinan China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Distributed Computer Software Novel Technology Jinan China Shandong Provincial Academy of Education Recruitment and Examination Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331684

Skeleton-based action recognition task has been widely studied in recent years. Currently, the most popular researches use graph convolutional network (GCN) to solve this task by modeling human joints data as spatio-temporal graph. However, a large number of long-term temporal motion relationships cannot be effectively captured by GCN. Thus, recurrent neural network (RNN) is introduced to solve this defect. In this work, we propose a model namely graph convolutional network with long time memory (GCN-LTM). Specifically, there are two task streams in our proposed model: GCN stream and RNN stream, respectively. The GCN stream aims to capture the spatial motion relationships as well as the RNN stream focuses on extracting the long-term temporal patterns. In addition, we introduce the contrastive learning strategy to better facilitate feature learning between these two streams. The multiple ablation experiments have verified the feasibility of our proposed model. Numerous experiments show that the proposed model is superior to the current state-of-the-art method under two large-scale datasets including NTU-RGBD and NTU-RGBD-120. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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An Epidemic Model Based on Intra- and Inter-group Interactions 26

An Epidemic Model Based on Intra- and Inter-group Interactio...

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26th International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2023

作者： Geng, Wencong Zhang, Guijuan Lu, Dianjie Shandong Normal University School of Information Science and Engineering Jinan250358 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Novel Distributed Computer Software Technology Jinan250358 China State Key Laboratory of High-end Server & Storage Technology Jinan250101 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331684

The global spread of COVID-19 causes great losses to human society. Accurate calculation of the scale of epidemic spread is of great significance for the implementation of corresponding epidemic prevention measures. However, the existing method ignores the group formed by social relations of the population, which reduces the accuracy of the epidemic spread number calculation. In this paper, we propose an epidemic model based on intra- and inter-group interactions. Firstly, we construct a dual network model of epidemic spread based on intra- and inter-group interactions. The network describes how epidemics spread intra- and inter-group. To capture the intergroup influences, we construct a model for social mobility to calculate the inter-group spread rate. Secondly, we propose a computational model for the epidemic spread. We calculate the infection probability of groups in the upper layer network by using a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC). We describe a dynamic evolution of the intra-group infection in the underlying network based on the mean field equation. And the number of infections in the population is calculated by integrating intra- and inter-group effects. Finally, we implement an epidemic spread simulation system to visualize the spread process. The experimental results show that the model can analyze the epidemic spread process more accurately. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Deep reinforcement learning-based panic crowd evacuation simulation 26

Deep reinforcement learning-based panic crowd evacuation sim...

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26th International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2023

作者： An, Baoxu Zhang, Guijuan Li, Fuwei Song, Nianyun Liu, Hong Lu, Dianjie Shandong Normal University School of Information Science and Engineering Jinan250358 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Novel Distributed Computer Software Technology Jinan250358 China State Key Laboratory of High-end Server & Storage Technology Jinan250101 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331684

Crowd evacuation simulation can provide guidance for public emergencies or mass casualties which is easy to cause crowding and stampede. Deep reinforcement learning is an effective method for the path planning of crowd evacuation simulation which can reduce the dependence on data and has strong generalization. However, current methods of deep reinforcement learning ignore the consideration of panic emotion which could result in weak authenticity since the panic emotion has a significant impact on crowd evacuation. To address this problem, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning for the panic crowd evacuation. First, a quadrant based crowd network is constructed to guide the movement of agents according to the change of panic degree in different quadrants. Second, a method of quantifying panic degree is proposed. Through the mean field equation, the dynamic evolution of agent states is realized, and the panic degree in different regions is quantified. Finally, a panic crowd evacuation model based on multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) was established. The computated panic degree is introduced into the reward function to recommend a path for multiagent to avoid panic. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Risk Region-based Prediction Model for the Epidemic Spreading 26

Risk Region-based Prediction Model for the Epidemic Spreadin...

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26th International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2023

作者： Li, Fuwei Lu, Dianjie An, Baoxu Zhang, Guijuan Shandong Normal University School of Information Science and Engineering Jinan250358 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Novel Distributed Computer Software Technology Jinan250358 China State Key Laboratory of High-end Server & Storage Technology Jinan250101 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331684

Studying the spread process of epidemics in the crowd is a significant topic, which can help to take measures in advance to avoid epidemic spread and reduce the losses of life and property of the general public. However, this is a challenging problem that how to capture the spatio-temporal characteristics of the epidemic spreading. In this paper, we propose a risk region-based prediction model to characterize the spread feature. First, we propose a risk region-based spread model to describe the spatial relationship between individuals by dividing risk regions and assigning different spread characteristics to different risk regions. Second, we develop a spatio-temporal point process-based infection intensity quantification method to describe the variation of epidemic spread characteristics over time in different risk regions in the form of intensity. Then, we propose a long short-term memory (LSTM) based intensity function prediction method to solve the corresponding intensity and predict the spread process by the spatio-temporal point process (STPP). Finally, we implement an epidemic spreading simulation platform to verify our method and visualize the experimental results. The proposed model is expected to provide guidance for predicting the spread of epidemics. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Abnormal Crowd Behavior Detection Based on the Fusion of Macro and Micro Features 26

Abnormal Crowd Behavior Detection Based on the Fusion of Mac...

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26th International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2023

作者： Jiao, Shourong Lu, Dianjie Jia, Chuanhua Liu, Hong Zhang, Guijuan Shandong Normal University School of Information Science and Engineering Jinan250358 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Novel Distributed Computer Software Technology Jinan250358 China State Key Laboratory of High-end Server & Storage Technology Jinan250101 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331684

There are two types of research on abnormal crowd behavior detection: micro modeling methods (e.g., crowd pose) and macro modeling methods (e.g., optical flow methods). In crowd evacuation, however, micro methods fail to solve the occlusion problem, while macro methods fail to address issues such as poor real-time performance and non-adaptive motion target detection. To address these issues, we propose a method that combines macro and micro methods to detect abnormal crowd behavior. Firstly, we extract the two-dimensional poses of moving people using the human pose estimation algorithm (OpenPose) and get the corresponding micro motion features. Secondly, we create an optical flow map of the video using the dense optical flow algorithm (Farneback) and a scene activity map by comparing the optical flow sizes between two consecutive frames. Then we derive the entropy change curve, which represents the macro motion features. Finally, we fuse micro and macro motion features and put the fused hybrid feature vectors into our classification network to train our model, and then find the transition time from micro to macro abnormal states in crowd evacuation videos. The experimental findings demonstrate that our proposed method can more accurately and quickly identify the abnormal behaviors that appear in evacuation scenes. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Optical flows

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Spatial-temporal Consistency based Crowd Emotion Recognition 26

Spatial-temporal Consistency based Crowd Emotion Recognition

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26th International Conference on computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2023

作者： Zhao, Chuanmiao Zhang, Guijuan Lv, Lei Liu, Hong Lu, Dianjie Shandong Normal University School of Information Science and Engineering Jinan250358 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Novel Distributed Computer Software Technology Jinan250358 China State Key Laboratory of High-end Server & Storage Technology Jinan250101 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331684

In crowd evacuation scenarios, it is an effective way to ensure evacuation safety by recognizing real crowd emotions and then taking measures such as emotional infection to reduce crowd panic. However, factors such as distance, exposure, angle, and occlusion can lead to incomplete face expression information collection, thus failing to accurately identify crowd emotions. Therefore, it is still a very challenging problem to recognize individual emotions in the case of incomplete face expression information collection, and thus accurately identify crowd emotions during evacuation. To solve this problem, we propose a spatial-temporal consistency-based crowd emotion recognition method to accurately identify the real emotions of the crowd. First, for video frames that can capture the complete facial expression information, we use the residual network to accurately identify the individual emotion values in each frame. For video frames that cannot capture the complete facial expression information, we propose an individual emotion calculation model based on spatial-temporal consistency to calculate the individual emotion values in each frame. Second, we define the crowd panic level and obtain the real crowd emotion by calculation. Finally, we implement an end-to-end crowd panic emotion recognition system to verify our method. The experimental results show that the method can accurately calculate the crowd panic level, which is important for guiding crowd evacuation. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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LMR-CBT: learning modality-fused representations with CB-Transformer for multimodal emotion recognition from unaligned multimodal sequences

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Frontiers of computer Science 2024年第4期18卷 39-47页

作者： Ziwang FU Feng LIU Qing XU Xiangling FU Jiayin QI School of Computer Science(National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service(BUPT) Beijing 100876China Shanghai International School of Chief Technology Officer East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China School of Cyberspace Security Guangzhou UniversityGuangdong 510006China

Learning modality-fused representations and processing unaligned multimodal sequences are meaningful and challenging in multimodal emotion *** approaches use directional pairwise attention or a message hub to fuse language,visual,and audio ***,these fusion methods are often quadratic in complexity with respect to the modal sequence length,bring redundant information and are not *** this paper,we propose an efficient neural network to learn modality-fused representations with CB-Transformer(LMR-CBT)for multimodal emotion recognition from unaligned multi-modal ***,we first perform feature extraction for the three modalities respectively to obtain the local structure of the ***,we design an innovative asymmetric transformer with cross-modal blocks(CB-Transformer)that enables complementary learning of different modalities,mainly divided into local temporal learning,cross-modal feature fusion and global self-attention *** addition,we splice the fused features with the original features to classify the emotions of the ***,we conduct word-aligned and unaligned experiments on three challenging datasets,IEMOCAP,CMU-MOSI,and *** experimental results show the superiority and efficiency of our proposed method in both *** with the mainstream methods,our approach reaches the state-of-the-art with a minimum number of parameters.

关键词： modality-fused representations cross-model blocks multimodal emotion recognition unaligned multimodal sequences computational affection

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