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Full-Coverage Mapping of Daily High-Resolution XCO2 across China from 2015 to 2020 by Deep Learning-Based Spatio-Temporal Fusion

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2025年

作者： Li, Yi Yan, Jining Zhong, Liheng Bao, De Sun, Leigang Li, Guangyu China University of Geosciences School of Computer Science Wuhan430074 China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Natural Resource Information Management and Digital Twin Engineering Software Wuhan430074 China Ant Group World Financial Center Beijing100020 China Hebei Academy of Sciences Institute of Geographical Sciences Shijiazhuang050011 China Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Geographic Information Application Shijiazhuang050011 China Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment China

Carbon neutrality has become a global priority, and high spatio-temporal resolution data on the column-average dry-air mole fraction carbon dioxide (XCO2) is essential for tracking progress and guiding policy adjustments. However, satellite-derived XCO2 exhibits significant temporal and spatial gaps due to influences such as orbital dynamics and cloud cover. Additionally, the low spatial resolution of CarbonTracker (CT) is insufficient to meet the current demands for fine-scale monitoring. Current XCO2 assessment methods often rely solely on single-pixel data, overlooking the spatio-temporal correlations. In this article, we introduce a deep learning-based spatio-temporal model (DSTM) that extracts features from multiple data sources related to atmospheric transport, carbon emissions, and carbon sinks, enabling fine-scale XCO2 assessments. Additionally, XCO2 data from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) and CT were fused at a 0.1° spatial resolution to generate training labels with broader coverage and more samples, serving as fitting labels. Our approach produced daily, full-coverage 0.1° resolution XCO2 maps for China from 2015 to 2020, and analyzed changes in XCO2 growth trends over this period. Numerical results show that our model outperforms traditional deep learning methods. Model validation using data from four ground-based observation sites of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) achieved an average R2 of 0.86 and an RMSE of 2.67 ppm. The extraction and fusion of spatio-temporal features from multiple data sources provide a novel approach for reconstructing missing XCO2 data. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Atmospheric movements

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Energy-Efficient Shop Scheduling Using Space-Cooperation Multi-Objective Optimization

IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing

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IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing 2024年第3期10卷 601-615页

作者： Ding, Jiepin Xia, Jun Yang, Yaning Zhou, Junlong Chen, Mingsong Li, Keqin East China Normal University MoE Engineering Research Center of Software/Hardware Co-Design Technology and Application Shanghai200062 China Ningxia Normal University School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Guyuan756500 China Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing210094 China State University of New York Department of Computer Science New PaltzNY12561 United States

Since Industry 5.0 emphasizes that manufacturing enterprises should raise awareness of social contribution to achieve sustainable development, more and more meta-heuristic algorithms are investigated to save energy in manufacturing systems. Although non-dominated sorting-based meta-heuristics have been recognized as promising multi-objective optimization methods for solving the energy-efficient flexible job shop scheduling problem (EFJSP), it is hard to guarantee the quality of the Pareto front (e.g., total energy consumption, makespan) due to the lack of population diversity. This is mainly because an improper individual comparison inevitably reduces population diversity, thus limiting exploration and exploitation abilities during population updates. To achieve efficient population evolution, this paper introduces a novel space-cooperation multi-objective optimization (SCMO) method that can effectively solve EFJSP to obtain scheduling schemes with better trade-offs. By cooperatively evaluating the similarity among individuals in both the decision space and objective space, we propose a space-cooperation population update method based on a three-vector representation that can accurately eliminate repetitive individuals to derive higher-quality Pareto solutions. To further improve search efficiency, we propose a difference-driven local search, which selectively changes the positions of operations with higher differences to search for neighbors effectively. Based on the Taguchi method, we conduct experiments to obtain a suitable parameter combination of SCMO. Comprehensive experimental results show that, compared to state-of-the-art methods, our SCMO method achieves the highest HV and NR and the lowest IGD, with an average of 0.990, 0.952, and 0.001, respectively. Meanwhile, compared to traditional local search approaches, our difference-driven local search obtains twice the HV on instance Mk12 and reduces the solving time from 1521s to 475s. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Job shop scheduling

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Performance and Reliability Optimization for High-Density Flash-Based Hybrid Ssds

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Luo, Longfei Li, Shicheng Lv, Yina Shi, Liang Software/Hardware Co-design Engineering Research Center Ministry of Education The School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China

Hybrid SSDs that integrate both large-capacity flash and high-performance flash have become the mainstream of the existing SSD architectures. Two or more flash modes have been supported to satisfy the complex and changeable application requirements, such as single-level-cell (SLC) mode and quad-level-cell (QLC) mode, which can be adaptively switched. However, our empirical studies show that the combination is not well-designed in existing hybrid architectures. We conduct experiments on different scenarios to study the performance and reliability of real hybrid SSDs. Three interesting findings about performance collapse, performance fluctuation, and read disturb of QLC region can be obtained. To solve these problems, this paper proposed HyFlex, including three novel schemes. First, a velocity-based I/O scheduling (VIS) scheme is a novel data placement scheme to avoid performance corrupt. Second, a garbage collection aware capacity tuning (GCT) scheme is a novel flash-mode management scheme to avoid burst performance degradation. Third, a read disturb-aware data migration (DAM) scheme is a novel data migration scheme to alleviate the read disturb of the QLC region. The experiments are conducted on an existing simulator with hybrid SSD extensions. Experimental results show that HyFlex achieves encouraging performance and reliability optimization. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Refuse collection

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MINING FMRI DYNAMICS WITH PARCELLATION PRIOR FOR BRAIN DISEASE DIAGNOSIS

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Xiaozhao Liu, Mianxin Mei, Lang Zhang, Yuyao Shi, Feng Zhang, Han Shen, Dinggang School of Computer Science and Technology Shanghaitech University China Department of Research and Development Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co. Ltd. China School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghaitech University China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory China Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center China

To characterize atypical brain dynamics under diseases, prevalent studies investigate functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, most of the existing analyses compress rich spatial-temporal information as the brain functional networks (BFNs) and directly investigate the whole-brain network without neurological priors about functional subnetworks. We thus propose a novel graph learning framework to mine fMRI signals with topological priors from brain parcellation for disease diagnosis. Specifically, we 1) detect diagnosis-related temporal features using a "Transformer" for a higher-level BFN construction, and process it with a following graph convolutional network, and 2) apply an attention-based multiple instance learning strategy to emphasize the disease-affected subnetworks to further enhance the diagnosis performance and interpretability. Experiments demonstrate higher effectiveness of our method than compared methods in the diagnosis of early mild cognitive impairment. More importantly, our method is capable of localizing crucial brain subnetworks during the diagnosis, providing insights into the pathogenic source of mild cognitive impairment. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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SecureBoost Hyperparameter Tuning via Multi-Objective Federated Learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Ren, Ziyao Kang, Yan Fan, Lixin Yang, Linghua Tong, Yongxin Yang, Qiang State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing School of Computer Science Beihang University China Webank China Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

SecureBoost is a tree-boosting algorithm leveraging homomorphic encryption to protect data privacy in vertical federated learning setting. It is widely used in fields such as finance and healthcare due to its interpretability, effectiveness, and privacy-preserving capability. However, SecureBoost suffers from high computational complexity and risk of label leakage. To harness the full potential of SecureBoost, hyperparameters of SecureBoost should be carefully chosen to strike an optimal balance between utility, efficiency, and privacy. Existing methods either set hyperparameters empirically or heuristically, which are far from optimal. To fill this gap, we propose a Constrained Multi-Objective SecureBoost (CMOSB) algorithm to find Pareto optimal solutions that each solution is a set of hyperparameters achieving optimal tradeoff between utility loss, training cost, and privacy leakage. We design measurements of the three objectives. In particular, the privacy leakage is measured using our proposed instance clustering attack. Experimental results demonstrate that the CMOSB yields not only hyperparameters superior to the baseline but also optimal sets of hyperparameters that can support the flexible requirements of FL participants. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trees (mathematics)

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Evaluating the Impact of Special Characters on Password Security: a Comparative Analysis

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IEEE Network 2025年

作者： He, Daojing Liu, Zhiyong Chan, Sammy Zhou, Beibei Guizani, Mohsen Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Shenzhen China Guizhou University State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou China Research and Development Center Guangzhou Jingyuan Security Technology Co. Ltd Guangzhou China City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Department of Electrical Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College School of Artificial Intelligence Application Shanghai China Machine Learning Department Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Text-based password authentication remains essential for identity verification on internet platforms and blockchain systems. However, as computational power advances, security threats to user passwords have intensified, raising concerns about their effectiveness. While special characters (i.e., non-alphanumeric symbols, which include punctuation marks, mathematical symbols, and other non-letter/number characters like '.', '@', '#', '$', and similar) are often recommended to enhance password strength, the National Institute of Standards and technology (NIST) prioritizes length over complexity, challenging their necessity. This study fills a critical gap in understanding user behavior regarding special character usage. By analyzing 15 datasets from Chinese, English, and German languages, we examined patterns of special character incorporation and their impact on password strength. Our findings indicate that users frequently employ predictable methods for including special characters, potentially compromising security, especially under stringent policies. We present three key contributions: (1) an analysis of special character usage patterns, (2) a quantitative assessment of strength differences using the PCFGv4.1 model, and (3) actionable recommendations for stakeholders to enhance password security practices. This research further advocates for aligning password policies with user behavior for more effective security. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication Protocol

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Enhancing Pulmonary Nodule Classification performance with TriCaps-RL: A Capsule Network Reinforcement Learning Approach

Journal of Network Intelligence

引用

Journal of Network Intelligence 2024年第3期9卷 1441-1459页

作者： Zheng, Guang-Yuan Zhang, Fu-Quan Cheng, Chen Shan, Hong-Tao Soomro, Nouman Qadeer Liu, Yi College of Information Technology Shanghai Jian Qiao University Shanghai201306 China School of Mathematics and Computer Science Yanan University Shaanxi 716000 China School of Computer and Data Science Minjiang University No.200 Xiyuangong Road Fuzhou University Town Fuzhou350108 China Digital Media Art Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Conservatory of Music Chengdu610021 China Fuzhou Technology Innovation Center of intelligent Manufacturing information System Minjiang University Fuzhou350108 China Fujian Province University Fuzhou350300 China College of Business Shanghai Jian Qiao University Shanghai201306 China College of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai201620 China Software Department Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Sindh 76062 Pakistan

Distinguishing the manifestations of pulmonary nodules poses a significant challenge in the medical field, demanding the expertise of experienced radiologists. This complexity results in the high cost and inadequacy of sample labeling. In response, this study introduces a reinforcement learning approach, denoted as TriCaps-RL, for the classification of pulmonary nodules based on CT signs. This approach initially employs the Q-value loss to train a single CapsNet. When the performance of the CapsNet plateaus and further enhancement becomes challenging, the loss function is progressively replaced by a triplet metric to augment performance. Consequently, a more nuanced differentiation among various types of pulmonary nodules is achieved. The proposed method can improve its performance through interactions with radiologists during their CT image reading process, thereby mitigating the shortage of radiologists and addressing the time-consuming issue of training sample labeling in medical image research. This paper delves into the fine-grained classification of pulmonary nodules using deep reinforcement learning based on CT imaging signs. In comparison to previous studies that primarily concentrate on the benign/malignant classification of lung nodules, this fine-grained classification of nodules founded on CT imaging signs proves to be more valuable for medical practitioners in making accurate diagnostic decisions. © 2024, Taiwan Ubiquitous Information CO LTD. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Global Spatial-Temporal Information-based Residual ConvLSTM for Video Space-Time Super-Resolution

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Fu, Congrui Yuan, Hui Jiang, Shiqi Zhang, Guanghui Shen, Liquan Hamzaoui, Raouf The School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Shandong Jinan China The School of software Shandong University Shandong Jinan China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong University China The School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai China The School of Engineering and Sustainable Development De Montfort University LeicesterLE1 9BH United Kingdom

By converting low-frame-rate, low-resolution videos into high-frame-rate, high-resolution ones, space-time video super-resolution techniques can enhance visual experiences and facilitate more efficient information dissemination. We propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) for space-time video super-resolution, namely GIRNet. To generate highly accurate features and thus improve performance, the proposed network integrates a feature-level temporal interpolation module with deformable convolutions and a global spatial-temporal information-based residual convolutional long short-term memory (convLSTM) module. In the feature-level temporal interpolation module, we leverage deformable convolution, which adapts to deformations and scale variations of objects across different scene locations. This presents a more efficient solution than conventional convolution for extracting features from moving objects. Our network effectively uses forward and backward feature information to determine inter-frame offsets, leading to the direct generation of interpolated frame features. In the global spatial-temporal information-based residual convLSTM module, the first convLSTM is used to derive global spatial-temporal information from the input features, and the second convLSTM uses the previously computed global spatial-temporal information feature as its initial cell state. This second convLSTM adopts residual connections to preserve spatial information, thereby enhancing the output features. Experiments on the Vimeo90K dataset show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques in peak signal-to-noise-ratio (by 1.45 dB, 1.14 dB, and 0.02 dB over STARnet, TMNet, and 3DAttGAN, respectively), structural similarity index(by 0.027, 0.023, and 0.006 over STARnet, TMNet, and 3DAttGAN, respectively), and visually. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

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Towards Efficient Workflow Scheduling Over Yarn Cluster Using Deep Reinforcement Learning

Towards Efficient Workflow Scheduling Over Yarn Cluster Usin...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Jianguo Xue Ting Wang Puyu Cai MoE Engineering Research Center of Software/Hardware Co-design Technology and Application Shanghai Key Lab. of Trustworthy Computing East China Normal University China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Michigan State University USA

Hadoop Yarn is an open-source cluster manager responsible for resource management and job scheduling. However, data-driven applications are typically organized into workflows that consist of a series of jobs with dependencies. Yarn does not manage users' workflows and only considers the current job rather than the entire workflow when scheduling. In practice, multiple workflows share the same Yarn cluster and are pre-assigned separate Yarn resource queues to avoid mutual interference. However, this coarse-grained resource division can sometimes result in low resource utilization and increased pending time of jobs on the Yarn queue. For instance, one resource queue may have exhausted its quota while still having pending jobs, while other queues may have available resources but cannot begin executing any jobs due to unfulfilled data dependencies. To address this problem, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-based workflow scheduling scheme that takes into account job dependencies, job priorities, and dynamic resource usage. The proposed approach can intelligently identify and utilize free windows of different resource queues. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DRL-based workflow scheduling scheme can significantly reduce the average job latency compared to existing approaches.

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Multi-scale Two-Way Deblurring Network for Non-uniform Single Image Deblurring 14th

Multi-scale Two-Way Deblurring Network for Non-uniform Singl...

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14th EAI International Conference on Mobile Multimedia Communications, Mobimedia 2021

作者： Cheng, Zhongzhe Luo, Bing Xu, Li Li, Siwei Xiao, Kunshu Pei, Zheng The Center for Radio Administration Technology Development School of Computer and Software Engineering Xihua University Chengdu610039 China The School of Science Xihua University Chengdu610039 China Xihua College of Xihua University Chengdu610039 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783030898137

We propose a new and effective image deblurring network based on deep learning. The motivation of this work is based on traditional algorithms and deep learning which take an easy-to-difficult approach to image deblurring. In traditional algorithms, a rough blur kernel is obtained first, and then a precise blur kernel is gradually refined. In deep learning, the pyramid structure is adopted to restore clear images from easy to difficult. We hope to recover the clear image by two-way approximation. One network recovers the roughly clear image from the blurred image, and the other network recovers part of the structural information from the blank image, and finally the two networks are added together to obtain the clear image. Experiments show that since we decomposed the original deblurring task into two different tasks, the network performance has been effectively improved. Compared with other latest networks, our network can get clearer images. © 2021, ICST Institute for computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering.

关键词： Image enhancement

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