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A comprehensive review on rectification and power management strategies for triboelectric nanogenerators

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 1-29页

作者： Zhongjie LI Bingyan CUI Biao WANG Fan SHEN Hao WU Ying GONG Yan PENG Hengyu GUO Dan ZHANG Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Future TechnologyShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Department of Applied Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Engineering Research Center of Unmanned Intelligent Marine Equipment Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China

Nanogenerators utilize nanomaterials to harvest mechanical or thermal energy at the micro-nano scale,thereby providing power for small self-sustaining *** to traditional generators,nanogenerators offer advantages such as compact size,high flexibility,and broad *** nanogenerators(TENGs),based on triboelectric theory,can collect energy from mechanical sources such as vibrations or sliding *** hold promise for powering small ***,the high pulse characteristics of their output voltage prevent them from directly charging electronic *** address the requirements of the internet of things(IoTs),this paper comprehensively reviews state-of-the-art power management systems used to enhance the current stability and output power of ***,the working principle and resistive load output characteristics of TENGs are *** management circuits(PMCs)based on full-wave rectifiers,half-wave rectifiers,and Bennet's doublers are subsequently analyzed and *** and electronic switches proposed to further improve rectifier performance are also *** switches are categorized as travel and voltagetriggered switches,while electronic switches include silicon-controlled rectifiers(SCRs),metal-oxide-semiconductor fieldeffect transistors(MOSFETs),and integrated *** conclusion,the characteristics and applications of PMCs are summarized,along with the identification of existing limitations in their ***,appropriate solutions and prospects for further development are explored.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerators power management circuit rectifier switch

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Prospective Role of Foundation Models in Advancing Autonomous Vehicles

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research 2025年第1期7卷 667-691页

作者： Jianhua Wu Bingzhao Gao Jincheng Gao Jianhao Yu Hongqing Chu Qiankun Yu Xun Gong Yi Chang H Eric Tseng Hong Chen Jie Chen School of Automotive Studies Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji UniversityShanghai 201210China SAIC Intelligent Technology Shanghai 201805China College of Artificial Intelligence Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Research and Advanced Engineering Ford Motor CompanyDearbornMI 48124USA College of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Shanghai 201210China

With the development of artificial intelligence and breakthroughs in deep learning,large-scale foundation models(FMs),such as generative pre-trained transformer(GPT),Sora,etc.,have achieved remarkable results in many fields including natural language processing and computer *** application of FMs in autonomous driving holds considerable *** example,they can contribute to enhancing scene understanding and *** pre-training on rich linguistic and visual data,FMs can understand and interpret various elements in a driving scene,and provide cognitive reasoning to give linguistic and action instructions for driving decisions and ***,FMs can augment data based on the understanding of driving scenarios to provide feasible scenes of those rare occurrences in the long tail distribution that are unlikely to be encountered during routine driving and data *** enhancement can subsequently lead to improvement in the accuracy and reliability of autonomous driving *** testament to the potential of FMs'applications lies in world models,exemplified by the DREAMER series,which showcases the ability to comprehend physical laws and *** from massive data under the paradigm of self-supervised learning,world models can generate unseen yet plausible driving environments,facilitating the enhancement in the prediction of road users'behaviors and the off-line training of driving *** this paper,we synthesize the applications and future trends of FMs in autonomous *** utilizing the powerful capabilities of FMs,we strive to tackle the potential issues stemming from the long-tail distribution in autonomous driving,consequently advancing overall safety in this domain.

关键词： autonomous driving computer visionthe artificial intelligence natural language processing deep learninglarge scale autonomous vehicles understand interpr enhancing scene understanding reasoningby

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From Requirement to Solution: Unveiling Problem-Driven Design Patterns in Visual Analytics

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IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 2025年第05期31卷 3481-3491页

作者： Wu, Yuchen Gao, Shenghan Zhang, Shizhen Dou, Xiaofeng Wang, Xingbo Li, Quan ShanghaiTech University School of Information Science and Technology Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging Shanghai201210 China Cornell University Weill Cornell Medical College United States

Visual Analytics (VA) researchers frequently collaborate closely with domain experts to derive requirements and select appropriate solutions to fulfill these requirements. Despite strides made in exploring requirement and solution spaces, challenges persist due to the absence of guidance in the initial consideration space and the lack of shared problem-solving knowledge, often resulting in suboptimal solutions. To address these issues, we conducted an empirical study of VA research, with a focus on mapping the relations between requirement and solution spaces. Analyzing 220 VA papers, we formulate refined topologies for data, requirements, and solutions. We propose conceptualizing the connections between requirements, data, and solutions through knowledge graphs and utilizing solution paths to encapsulate fundamental problem-solving knowledge in visual analytics research. Through the integration of solution paths into a graph and analyzing their interconnections, we identified a subset of problem-driven design patterns that demonstrated the efficacy of our approach. By externalizing problem-solving knowledge and formulating problem-driven design patterns, our aim is to streamline the exploration of consideration space, facilitating the inclusion of "good"solutions, and establish a benchmark for shared design decisions among researchers and readers. © 1995-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Visual analytics

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Multi-Scale Feature Fusion and Advanced Representation Learning for Multi Label Image Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 5285-5306页

作者： Naikang Zhong Xiao Lin Wen Du Jin Shi Institute of Artificial Intelligence on Education Research College of InformationMechanical and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China Lab for Educational Big Data and Policymaking Ministry of EducationShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China Shanghai Intelligent Education Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China Shanghai Online Education Research Base for Primary and Secondary Schools Shanghai200234China DS Information Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai200032China Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macao university of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China

Multi-label image classification is a challenging task due to the diverse sizes and complex backgrounds of objects in *** class-specific precise representations at different scales is a key aspect of feature ***,existing methods often rely on the single-scale deep feature,neglecting shallow and deeper layer features,which poses challenges when predicting objects of varying scales within the same *** some studies have explored multi-scale features,they rarely address the flow of information between scales or efficiently obtain class-specific precise representations for features at different *** address these issues,we propose a two-stage,three-branch Transformer-based *** first stage incorporates multi-scale image feature extraction and hierarchical scale *** design enables the model to consider objects at various scales while enhancing the flow of information across different feature scales,improving the model’s generalization to diverse object *** second stage includes a global feature enhancement module and a region selection *** global feature enhancement module strengthens interconnections between different image regions,mitigating the issue of incomplete represen-tations,while the region selection module models the cross-modal relationships between image features and ***,these components enable the efficient acquisition of class-specific precise feature *** experiments on public datasets,including COCO2014,VOC2007,and VOC2012,demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed *** approach achieves consistent performance gains of 0.3%,0.4%,and 0.2%over state-of-the-art methods on the three datasets,*** results validate the reliability and superiority of our approach for multi-label image classification.

关键词： Image classification multi-label multi scale attention mechanisms feature fusion

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Influence of Undercooling on the Solidification Behaviour and Microstructure of Non-equilibrium Solidification of Cu-based Alloys

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2025年第2期40卷 610-618页

作者： LI Hejun AN Hongen Willey Liew Yun Hsien Ismal Saad Bih Lii Chuab Nancy Julius Siambun CAO Shichao WANG Hongfu YAO Wei College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Huanghe Jiaotong UniversityJiaozuo 454950China Henan Engineering Technology Research Center on Intelligent Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Jiaozuo 454950China Faculty of Engineering University Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia School of Mechanical Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Jiaozuo Robot Engineering Technology Center Jiaozuo 454950China

The evolution of the microstructure and morphology of Cu55Ni45 and Cu60Ni40 alloys under varying degrees of undercooling was investigated through molten glass purification and cyclic superheating *** increasing the Cu content,the effect of Cu on the evolution of the microstructure and morphology of the Cu-Ni alloy during undercooling was *** mechanism of grain refinement at different degrees of undercooling and the effect of Cu content on its solidification behaviour were *** solidification behaviour of Cu55Ni45 and Cu60Ni40 alloys was investigated using infrared thermometry and high-speed *** results indicate that both Cu55Ni45 and Cu60Ni40 alloy melts undergo only one recalescence during rapid *** degree of recalescence increases approximately linearly with increasing *** solidification front of the alloy melts undergoes a transition process from a small-angle plane to a sharp front and then to a smooth ***,the growth of the subcooled melt is constrained to a narrow range,facilitating the formation of a coarse dendritic crystal morphology in the Cu-Ni *** large undercooling,the stress breakdown of the directionally growing dendrites is primarily caused by thermal *** strain remaining in the dendritic fragments provides the driving force for recrystallisation of the tissue to occur,which in turn refines the tissue.

关键词： undercooling microstructure grain refinement solidification rate

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Background Subtraction-based Unlearned Hazardous Object Detection Algorithm for Ceiling Environments

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Journal of Institute of Control, robotics and Systems 2025年第4期31卷 334-342页

作者： Jeon, Jae Woo Kim, Sung Jae Suh, Jin Ho Department of Intelligent Robot Engineering Pukyong National University Korea Republic of The Industrial Science Technology Research Center Pukyong National University Korea Republic of Major of Mechanical System Engineering Pukyong National University Korea Republic of

We propose a background subtraction-based algorithm that uses images from an RGB-D camera to detect unlearned hazardous objects in ceiling environments, thereby facilitating efficient ceiling exploration. We constructed a dataset by compiling various images of ceiling structures and employed the YOLOv8s-seg model to recognize ceiling components. Recognized ceiling structures and regions exceeding a specified depth threshold were designated as background and removed in the first stage. A U-map based on depth information was then used to detect object regions, which enabled the identification of various types of potentially hazardous objects. The positions of the detected objects were continuously updated using a Kalman filter based tracking model, and their relative positions were visually displayed on a 2D map. To validate the performance of the algorithm, we implemented it in a system and conducted hazardous object detection experiments in a ceiling-simulated testbed and an actual ceiling environment. The findings confirmed the applicability of the algorithm in real-world settings. © ICROS 2025.

关键词： Kalman filters

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Broadband low-frequency sound absorption of multifunctional composite metastructure

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 114-124页

作者： Yilong YANG Shanshan LIU Yan LI Tong GAO Yongdong PAN Yong LI Yabin JIN School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State International Joint Research Center of Aerospace Design and Additive Manufacturing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Institute of Acoustics School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology School of Mechanical and Power EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai Institute of Aircraft Mechanics and Control Shanghai 200092China

In this study,we fabricated multifunctional metastructures from carbon fiber-reinforced plastic composites using additive manufacturing *** metastructures are characterized by their lightweight,load-bearing capacity,and broadband low-frequency sound absorption *** metastructure consists of 36 unit cells,and non-local coupling mechanism was considered for designing the sound absorption *** developed an acoustic impedance theory tailored for the metastructure,facilitating an analysis of thermal and viscous dissipation *** is proven theoretically and experimentally that the proposed composite metastructure can achieve a noise reduction with an average sound absorption coefficient greater than 0.9 across frequencies in the rage of 330-1500 *** also studied the metastructure’s quasi-static and cyclic compression performance,confirming its efficient absorption capabilities after cyclic *** proposed design and additive manufacturing method for composite metastructures provides a novel pathway for creating lightweight,multifunctional structures with diverse applications,such as aerospace engineering.

关键词： composite metastructure broadband sound absorption additive manufacturing

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Enhancing Structural Stability and Electrochemical Performance of Ultra-high Ni-rich Co-free Cathode via MgHPO_(4) Dual-functional Modification

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Chemical research in Chinese Universities 2025年第2期41卷 333-342页

作者： LIN Huahui SHEN Yu WEI Li SONG Ran WU Fan WEI Peng YANG Zhenzhong REN Yurong QU Ke DING Zhengping Changzhou Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Advanced Technology for Power Battery Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power BatterySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164P.R.China Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices(MOE) Shanghai Center of Brain-inspired Intelligent Materials and DevicesDepartment of ElectronicsEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241P.R.China

Ultra-high nickel layered cathodes(Ni≥95%)have emerged as prospective candidates for next-generation lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their exceptional specific capacity and ***,the commercial application of these cathodes has been hindered by several challenges,including structural instability during cycling,high sensitivity to air,and slow Li+*** this research,a one-step modification strategy was developed to simultaneously achieve Mg doping and Li_(3)PO_(4)layer coating for the ultra-high nickel *** results demonstrated that Mg doping not only alleviates lattice strain changes during the H2–H3 phase transition(H2:the second hexagonal phase;H3:the third hexagonal phase)but also serves as a structural anchor,preventing Ni^(2+)migration and occupation within the Li *** Li_(3)PO_(4)surface coating layer acts as an electrochemical shield,protecting against interfacial side reactions and enhancing the Li+diffusion *** a result,the LiNi_(0.95)Mn_(0.05)O_(2) cathode,with both internal and external modifications,demonstrates significant improvement in cycling stability(85.7%capacity retention after 100 cycles)and Li^(+)transport performance(130.6 mA·h·g^(−1) at 10 C,1 C=189.6 mA·h·g^(−1)),providing a solid foundation for the further development and application of ultra-high nickel cathodes.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Ni-rich Co-free cathode MgHPO_(4) Surface modification

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Fast evaluating phonon life time and thermal conductivity determined by Grüneisen parameter and phase space size of three-phonon scattering

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Frontiers of physics 2025年第1期20卷 83-91页

作者： Yi Wang Shenshen Yan Xi Wu Jie Ren Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science China-EU Joint Lab on NanophononicsShanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and TechnologySchool of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Efficiently and fast seeking specific lattices with targeted phonon thermal conductivityκ_(L)plays an important role in the thermal design and thermal management of *** to efficiently and accurately evaluate the phonon lifetime determined by anharmonicity becomes a critical bottleneck when high-throughput ***,we propose a method of fast evaluating three-phonon scattering induced lifetime based on the many-body theory of phonon *** the high temperature limit,the phonon scattering rate is simply determined by the product of only two anharmonic parameters:the square of Grüneisen parameter and the phase space size of three-phonon scattering,both of which can be quickly derived from the harmonic phonon *** demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in high-throughput evaluatingκ_(L)the in firstprinciples calculation,which exhibits a good consistence with our collected experimental *** method shows promising application potential in exploring material screening of the targetedκ_(L),which by improving the ability of characterizing phonon anharmonicity will further enhance the performanceκ_(L)of prediction.

关键词： many-body theory thermal conductivity anharmonic properties three-phonon scattering first-principles calculation highthroughput calculations

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Effect of hierarchical cell structure and internal pores on mechanical properties of thixomolded AZ91D magnesium alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2025年第3期35卷 749-764页

作者： Li-dong GU Xiao-qing SHANG Jie WANG Jun-jun DENG Zhen ZHAO Xiao-qin ZENG National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Bole Intelligent Machinery Co. Ltd.Ningbo 315801China National Engineering Research Center of Die&Mold CAD School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

A comprehensive analysis of the microstructure and defects of a thixomolded AZ91D alloy was conducted to elucidate their influences on mechanical *** were made at injection temperatures ranging from 580 to 640℃.X-ray computed tomography was used to visualize pores,and crystal plasticity finite element simulation was adopted for deformation *** microstructure characterizations reveal a hierarchical cell feature composed of α-Mg and eutectic *** the increase of injection temperature,large cell content in the material decreases,while the strength of the alloy *** underlying mechanism about strength change is that coarse-grained solids experience smaller stress even in hard *** sample fabricated at a moderate temperature of 620℃ exhibits the highest elongation,least quantity and lower local concentration of *** detachment and tearing cracks formed at lower injection temperature and defect bands formed at higher injection temperature add additional crack sources and deteriorate the ductility of the materials.

关键词： AZ91D magnesium alloy fabrication technology cell structure pores strength ductility

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