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Exploring the tidal effect of urban business district with large-scale human mobility data

Frontiers of computer science 2023年第3期17卷 77-90页

作者： Hongting NIU Ying SUN Hengshu ZHU Cong GENG Jiuchun YANG Hui XIONG Bo LANG School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Institute of Computing TechnologyCASBeijing 100086China Baidu Talent Intelligence Center Baidu Inc.Beijing 100085China Business School Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Artificial Intelligence Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyGuangzhou 510030China

Business districts are urban areas that have various functions for gathering people,such as work,consumption,leisure and *** to the dynamic nature of business activities,there exists significant tidal effect on the boundary and functionality of business ***,effectively analyzing the tidal patterns of business districts can benefit the economic and social development of a ***,with the implicit and complex nature of business district evolution,it is non-trivial for existing works to support the fine-grained and timely analysis on the tidal effect of business *** this end,we propose a data-driven and multi-dimensional framework for dynamic business district ***,we use the large-scale human trajectory data in urban areas to dynamically detect and forecast the boundary changes of business districts in different time ***,we detect and forecast the functional changes in business *** results on real-world trajectory data clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework on detecting and predicting the boundary and functionality change of business ***,the analysis on practical business districts shows that our method can discover meaningful patterns and provide interesting insights into the dynamics of business *** example,the major functions of business districts will significantly change in different time periods in a day and the rate and magnitude of boundaries varies with the functional distribution of business districts.

关键词： business district trajectory functionality detection tidal effect boundary detection visiting score

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Retrieval Augmented Recipe Generation

Retrieval Augmented Recipe Generation

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IEEE Workshop on Applications of computer Vision (WACV)

作者： Guoshan Liu Hailong Yin Bin Zhu Jingjing Chen Chong-Wah Ngo Yu-Gang Jiang Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center on Intelligent Visual Computing Singapore Management University

ISBN: (数字)9798331510831

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510848

The growing interest in generating recipes from food images has drawn substantial research attention in recent years. Existing works for recipe generation primarily utilize a two-stage training method—first predicting ingredients from a food image and then generating instructions from both the image and ingredients. Large Multi-modal Models (LMMs), which have achieved notable success across a variety of vision and language tasks, shed light on generating both ingredients and instructions directly from images. Nevertheless, LMMs still face the common issue of hallu-cinations during recipe generation, leading to suboptimal performance. To tackle this issue, we propose a retrieval augmented large multimodal model for recipe generation. We first introduce Stochastic Diversified Retrieval Augmentation (SDRA) to retrieve recipes semantically related to the image from an existing datastore as a supplement, integrating them into the prompt to add diverse and rich context to the input image. Additionally, Self-Consistency Ensemble Voting mechanism is proposed to determine the most confident prediction recipes as the final output. It calculates the consistency among generated recipe candidates, which use different retrieval recipes as context for generation. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, which demonstrates state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance in recipe generation on the Recipe1M dataset.

关键词： Training computer vision Accuracy Computational modeling Stochastic processes Predictive models Reliability Faces

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Incomplete intuitionistic fuzzy behavioral group decision-making based on multigranulation probabilistic rough sets and MULTIMOORA for water quality inspection

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Journal of intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2023年第3期44卷 4537-4556页

作者： Bai, Wenhui Zhang, Chao Zhai, Yanhui Sangaiah, Arun Kumar School of Computer and Information Technology Key Lab. of Computational Intelligence and Chinese Information Processing of Ministry of Education Shanxi University Shanxi Taiyuan China International Graduate Institute of Artificial Intelligence National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon

Water quality inspection (WQI) is one of the primary ways to ensure the safe utilization of water resources, and complicated data modeling, fusion and analysis play a significant role in seeking the resource with the best water quality. Nevertheless, the challenges of missing data, relatively large differences in decision results and bounded rationality owned by decision-makers (DMs) in terms of WQI still exist nowadays. Thus, from the aspect of stable and behavioral decision-making in multi-granularity incomplete intuitionistic fuzzy information systems (MG-IIFISs), the paper investigates a comprehensive multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) approach for the application of WQI. First, the concept of MG-IIFISs is built by modeling MAGDM problems with intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IFNs), then a new transformation scheme is constructed for transforming MG-IIFISs into multi-granularity intuitionistic fuzzy information systems (MG-IFISs) based on the similarity principle. Second, three types of multigranulation intuitionistic fuzzy probabilistic rough sets (MG IF PRSs) are developed by referring to the MULTIMOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis plus the full MULTIplicative form) method. Afterwards, attribute weights are objectively calculated based on the best-worst method (BWM), and a new stable and behavioral MAGDM approach is constructed by means of the TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese for interactive multi-criteria decision-making) method. At last, a case study in the setting of WQI is conducted with the support of a UCI data set, and sensitivity analysis, comparative analysis and experimental analysis are investigated to display the validity of the proposed approach. In general, the proposed approach improves the stability of decision results via MULTIMOORA and BWM, and also fully considers the bounded rationality of DMs' psychological behaviors from the aspect of the TODIM method, which has certain advantages in the community of MAGDM studie

关键词： Water quality

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A Legal Multi-Choice Question Answering Model Based on DeBERTa and Attention Mechanism 36

A Legal Multi-Choice Question Answering Model Based on DeBER...

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36th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, ICTAI 2024

作者： Luo, Ying Luo, Xudong Chen, Guibin School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangxi Normal University Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-source Information Mining and Security Guangxi Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology of Ministry of Education Guilin541004 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527235

This paper presents a novel multi-choice question answering model tailored for the legal domain, which integrates a DeBERTa-based framework with bilinear attention mechanisms. The model is designed to enhance the interpretation of complex legal texts, utilising vector similarity searches to align questions with pertinent statutes and a neural network to analyse this data effectively. It aims to improve the accuracy of legal question answering by employing advanced techniques of natural language processing. A binary classifier is also incorporated to assess answer options and generate conclusive responses. Experimental results demonstrate the model's superiority over traditional methods, particularly in handling intricate legal questions. This study underscores the model's potential to advance legal AI technology significantly, offering substantial benefits for judicial examinations and legal professionals. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Bilinear attention mechanism Legal article matching Legal question answering Natural language processing Neural network

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Fuzzy Concession Strategy for Emotional Human-computer Negotiation 36

Fuzzy Concession Strategy for Emotional Human-Computer Negot...

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36th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, ICTAI 2024

作者： Luo, Xudong Luo, Ying Sun, Kaili Li, Yanling School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangxi Normal University Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-source Information Mining and Security Guangxi Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology of Ministry of Education Guilin541004 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527235

This paper proposes an emotion-based human-computer negotiation system. Existing systems handle basic dialogues but struggle with complex negotiations involving human emotions. To address this, we design a fuzzy concession strategy that adjusts tactics through sentiment analysis, managing states like anger, happiness, and anxiety. Experiments show significant improvement in negotiation success and overall gains when considering emotional factors. Results demonstrate that this model enhances customer satisfaction and user experience by achieving agreements that satisfy users. This research highlights the potential of integrating fuzzy reasoning, sentiment analysis, and natural language processing into AI systems, laying the foundation for more intelligent, human-like dialogue agents and improving human-computer interaction and e-commerce engagement. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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DeTrack: in-model latent denoising learning for visual object tracking 24

DeTrack: in-model latent denoising learning for visual objec...

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Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural information processing Systems

作者： Xinyu Zhou Jinglun Li Lingyi Hong Kaixun Jiang Pinxue Guo Weifeng Ge Wenqiang Zhang Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of AI & Robotics Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan University Shanghai China Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of AI & Robotics Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

Previous visual object tracking methods employ image-feature regression models or coordinate autoregression models for bounding box prediction. Image-feature regression methods heavily depend on matching results and do not utilize positional prior, while the autoregressive approach can only be trained using bounding boxes available in the training set, potentially resulting in suboptimal performance during testing with unseen data. Inspired by the diffusion model, denoising learning enhances the model's robustness to unseen data. Therefore, We introduce noise to bounding boxes, generating noisy boxes for training, thus enhancing model robustness on testing data. We propose a new paradigm to formulate the visual object tracking problem as a denoising learning process. However, tracking algorithms are usually asked to run in real-time, directly applying the diffusion model to object tracking would severely impair tracking speed. Therefore, we decompose the denoising learning process into every denoising block within a model, not by running the model multiple times, and thus we summarize the proposed paradigm as an in-model latent denoising learning process. Specifically, we propose a denoising Vision Transformer (ViT), which is composed of multiple denoising blocks. In the denoising block, template and search embeddings are projected into every denoising block as conditions. A denoising block is responsible for removing the noise in a predicted bounding box, and multiple stacked denoising blocks cooperate to accomplish the whole denoising process. Subsequently, we utilize image features and trajectory information to refine the denoised bounding box. Besides, we also utilize trajectory memory and visual memory to improve tracking stability. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our approach, achieving competitive performance on several challenging datasets. The proposed in-model latent denoising tracker achieve real-time speed, rendering denoising learning

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Semantic Latent Decomposition with Normalizing Flows for Face Editing

Semantic Latent Decomposition with Normalizing Flows for Fac...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Binglei Li Zhizhong Huang Hongming Shan Junping Zhang Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan University Shanghai China

Navigating in the latent space of StyleGAN has shown effectiveness for face editing. However, the resulting methods usually encounter challenges in complicated navigation due to the entanglement among different attributes in the latent space. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel framework, termed SDFlow, with a semantic decomposition in original latent space using continuous conditional normalizing flows. Specifically, SDFlow decomposes the original latent code into different irrelevant variables by jointly optimizing two components: (i) a semantic encoder to estimate semantic variables from input faces and (ii) a flow-based transformation module to map the latent code into a semantic-irrelevant variable in Gaussian distribution, conditioned on the learned semantic variables. To eliminate the entanglement between variables, we employ a disentangled learning strategy under a mutual information framework, thereby providing precise manipulation controls. Experimental results demonstrate that SDFlow outperforms existing state-of-the-art face editing methods both qualitatively and quantitatively. The source code is available at https://***/phil329/SDFlow.

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Towards Multi-label Open Set Diagnosis for Medical Images

Towards Multi-Label Open Set Diagnosis for Medical Images

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Shijie Pang Yuze Zhao Rui-Wei Zhao Rui Feng Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan University Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9798331520526

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520533

In real clinical scenarios, diagnosis algorithms may face the complex concurrent presence of multiple common, rare, or even unknown disease conditions. In particular, rare disease categories may be underrepresented or even absent from the class-imbalanced training set, leaving safe and trustworthy diagnostic decision-making extremely challenging. In this work, we first formalize the medical image diagnosis as a multi-label open set recognition under class-imbalanced training data and propose a novel Multi-label Open set Diagnosis (MOSD) solution to address this problem. Our MOSD first employs a Balanced Multi-label Data Augmentation (BMDA) module to augment multi-label image data to alleviate the class imbalance in model training more effectively. Then it also boasts a Multi-label Evidential Deep Learning (MEDL) module with tailored learning objectives to better estimate the uncertainty for multi-label open set prediction. Experimental results on the ODIR-5K benchmark successfully demonstrate its superiority in both close set known class classification and open set unknown class detection.

关键词： Training Uncertainty Image recognition Face recognition Training data Multi label classification Robustness Medical diagnosis Medical diagnostic imaging Diseases

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DMNER: Biomedical Named Entity Recognition by Detection and Matching

DMNER: Biomedical Named Entity Recognition by Detection and ...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Bian, Junyi Jiang, Rongze Zhai, Weiqi Huang, Tianyang Huang, Xiaodi Zhou, Hong Zhu, Shanfeng Fudan University School of Computer Science Shanghai China Fudan University Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Shanghai China Charles Sturt University School of Computing Mathematics and Engineering Nsw Australia Atypon Systems Llc United Kingdom Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Fudan University Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Moe Frontiers Center for Brain Science Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Biomedical Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a crucial task in extracting information from biomedical texts. However, the diversity of professional terminology, semantic complexity, and the widespread presence of synonyms pose significant challenges. Traditional methods that rely on sequence labeling training datasets often struggle to handle these complexities. To address this, we introduce a novel framework for BioNER, termed DMNER, which leverages external knowledge and operates in two steps: entity boundary detection and entity category identification through matching. The core of DMNER is its second step, which determines the entity category by retrieving similar entities and their categories from a knowledge dictionary using semantic similarity matching. Our experiments on 10 biomedical datasets demonstrate that DMNER outperforms baselines across these tasks, proving its effectiveness and adaptability. DMNER is versatile and can be applied to various NER tasks, including supervised NER, distantly supervised NER, and NER on multiple datasets with disjoint label sets. The DMNER code is publicly available. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Progressive Exploration-Conformal Learning for Sparsely Annotated Object Detection in Aerial Images 38

Progressive Exploration-Conformal Learning for Sparsely Anno...

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38th Conference on Neural information processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Lu, Zihan Wang, Chenxu Xu, Chunyan Zheng, Xiangwei Cui, Zhen PCA Lab Key Lab of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China Shandong Normal University Jinan China

The ability to detect aerial objects with limited annotation is pivotal to the development of real-world aerial intelligence systems. In this work, we focus on a demanding but practical sparsely annotated object detection (SAOD) in aerial images, which encompasses a wider variety of aerial scenes with the same number of annotated objects. Although most existing SAOD methods rely on fixed thresholding to filter pseudo-labels for enhancing detector performance, adapting to aerial objects proves challenging due to the imbalanced probabilities/confidences associated with predicted aerial objects. To address this problem, we propose a novel Progressive Exploration-Conformal Learning (PECL) framework to address the SAOD task, which can adaptively perform the selection of high-quality pseudo-labels in aerial images. Specifically, the pseudo-label exploration can be formulated as a decision-making paradigm by adopting a conformal pseudo-label explorer and a multi-clue selection evaluator. The conformal pseudo-label explorer learns an adaptive policy by maximizing the cumulative reward, which can decide how to select these high-quality candidates by leveraging their essential characteristics and inter-instance contextual information. The multi-clue selection evaluator is designed to evaluate the explorer-guided pseudo-label selections by providing an instructive feedback for policy optimization. Finally, the explored pseudo-labels can be adopted to guide the optimization of aerial object detector in a closed-loop progressive fashion. Comprehensive evaluations on two public datasets demonstrate the superiority of our PECL when compared with other state-of-the-art methods in the sparsely annotated aerial object detection task. The code will be available at: https://***/SAOD-research/PECL. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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