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Experimental and on-site investigation of the in-line vertical axis water turbines for water pipelines

JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2021年第3期13卷 1-9页

作者： Chen, Jian Wang, Miao Li, Chun Sun, Li Yang, Liang Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer 516 Jungong Rd Shanghai Peoples R China

Health monitoring devices are critical for the safe and reliable operation of water supply systems, but their chemical batteries are easily depleted. Thus, this paper developed a micro-vertical axis water turbine that converts part of the water head into electrical energy and supplies power for the monitoring device. The performance of four groups of micro-turbines was investigated in detail through experimental testing. Different from our previous study, the entire performance curves of micro-turbines at different rotation speeds and flow velocities were obtained in order to consider the wide range of flow velocities inside the real water pipeline. The feasibility of the designed turbines in the power supply system was verified by on-site testing. The experimental results show that different types and opening sizes of blocks have a distinct influence on the output power of micro-turbines. Each type of block has the corresponding optimal opening size to gain the highest performance. Within a certain range, the maximum output power varies linearly with the increase in flow velocity. In a specific flow velocity, the optimal rotational speed of the micro-turbine generated the maximum output power can be predicted by the power curve. In addition, through the experimental data, it is found that among all the measured turbines, the 12-blade hollow shaft turbine with a 90% eye-shaped block is the best one, with an output power of 88.2 W and an efficiency of 15.76%. Finally, the results of an on-site test are consistent with that of the experiment properly, which verifies the reliability of the measured data in the laboratory.

关键词： flow velocity

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Theoretical Analysis of Thin Film Evaporation in the Wicks of Loop heat Pipes

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JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND engineering APPLICATIONS 2022年第5期14卷 051010页

作者： Lin, Bingyao Li, Nanxi Wang, Shiyue Tao, Leren Xu, Guangming Wu, Yinong Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Tech Phys Shanghai 200083 Peoples R China

In this paper, a thin film evaporation model that includes expressions for energy, mass, and momentum conservation was established through the augmented Young-Laplace model. Based on this model, the effects of pore size and superheating on heat transfer during thin film evaporation were analyzed. The influence of the wick diameter of the loop heat pipe (LHP) on the critical heat flux of the evaporator is analyzed theoretically. The results show that pore size and superheating mainly influence evaporation through changes in the length of the transition film and intrinsic meniscus. The contribution of the transition film area is mainly reflected in the heat transfer coefficient, and the contribution of the intrinsic meniscus area is mainly apparent in the quantity of heat that is transferred. When an LHP evaporator is operating in a state of surface evaporation, a higher heat transfer coefficient can be achieved using a smaller pore size.

关键词： evaporation heat transfer porous wick heat and mass transfer heat pipes heat transfer enhancement

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Numerical study on the performance of mixed flow blood pump with superhydrophobic surface

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MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL engineering & COMPUTING 2023年第11期61卷 3103-3121页

作者： Li, Chengcheng Qiu, Huihe Ma, Jianying Wang, Ying Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Peoples R China Fudan Univ Shanghai Inst Cardiovasc Dis Zhongshan Hosp Dept Cardiol Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China

To meet the clinical status of the wide application of percutaneous mechanical circulatory support, this paper selects the mixed flow blood pump applied with superhydrophobic surface as the research object. The Navier slip model was used to simulate the slip characteristics of superhydrophobic surface, and the effects of the blade wrap angle and the superhydrophobic surface on the performance of the mixed flow blood pump are studied by numerical simulation. The results show that (1) considering the head, hydraulic efficiency, and hemolysis index of the blood pump, the optimal value of the blade wrap angle of the mixed flow blood pump in this paper is 60 degrees. (2) The hydraulic efficiency of the blood pump with superhydrophobic surface is improved, and the maximum growth rate is about 13.9%;superhydrophobic surface can reduce the hemolysis index of blood pump under various working conditions, and the maximum reduction rate of hemolysis index of blood pump is 22.9%. (3) The variation trends of blood pump head, hydraulic efficiency, and hemolysis index with the increased rotating speed before and after setting superhydrophobic slip boundary conditions are the same as their original variation trends.

关键词： Mixed flow blood pump Superhydrophobic surface Hemolysis index Blade wrap angles Numerical simulation

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A Novel Mass-heat Exchange Network Analogy, Regression, and Synthesis Method for Mass Exchanger Networks

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Xiao, Yuan Cui, Guomin Shanghai Key Laboratory Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai20093 China

The mass exchanger network (MEN) synthesis is significant for material savings and pollution reduction in process industries. Considering its small magnitude and the concentration constraints, the optimized MEN configuration could easily violate the concentration constraints, leading to a reduction in the structural diversity during the optimization process compared to that of an heat exchanger network （HEN）of the same size. Moreover, the constraint on the mass transfer driving force based on the equilibrium composition might also have major effects on the optimization process. To address this, this paper presents a process-equipment-system analogy between the MEN and the HEN, proposing a novel mass-heat exchange network analogy, regression, and synthesis method. First, the generalized HEN was established by an analogy considering the MEN based on either the original or the equilibrium compositions. In this regard, a coordination coefficient was introduced to correct the deviation of the analogy relationship between the heat transfer and the mass transfer processes. Then, the generalized HEN was optimized by employing the random walk algorithm with compulsive evolution (RWCE). A regression method was proposed to regress the optimized HEN solution to the MEN expression, allowing the continuous optimization by the RWCE with finer parameters. The final optimal solution obtained is found to be lower than those reported in the literature with enhanced structural diversity, demonstrating the method’s effectiveness and providing new ideas for further synchronous optimization of combined heat and mass exchanger networks. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mass transfer

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Novel design of in-situ hydrogen sorption/storage integrated enhanced hydrogen production in supercritical CO2 gasification, air gasification, and steam gasification from biomass

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CHEMICAL engineering JOURNAL 2024年 485卷

作者： Yang, Tiebing Dou, Binlin Zhang, Hua Wu, Kai Luo, Ning Chen, Haisheng Xu, Yujie Li, Wei Wu, Chunfei Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Engn Thermophys Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Dept Energy Engn Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Queens Univ Belfast Sch Chem & Chem Engn Belfast BT7 1NN North Ireland

The novel process on in-situ hydrogen sorption/storage during water gas shift (WGS) was proposed and the enhanced hydrogen production in supercritical CO2 gasification (CG), air gasification (AG), and steam gasification (SG) from biomass was integrated. Pure hydrogen was obtained by regeneration from the material (Mg2Ni) used for in-situ H2 absorption during WGS. The effects of temperature, pressure, steam-to-carbon (S/C) ratio, and the quantity of adsorbent for the enhanced hydrogen production with in-situ hydrogen sorption/ storage were determined. When Mg2Ni was added as the in-situ H2 adsorbent, the hydrogen conversion in WGS reaction was improved. The increase of temperature reduced the hydrogen yield. SG presented the highest hydrogen yield and AG showed the highest hydrogen conversion. The steam-to-carbon (S/C) had a positive effect on the hydrogen production for all the processes and the methanation reaction was greatly inhibited by AG. The energy efficiencies reached 22.98 %, 26.31 %, and 27.149.51 %, and the exergy efficiencies reached 61.66 %, 64.19 %, and 83.62 %, for CG, AG and SG, respectively. The system energy can be supplied by in-situ hydrogen sorption/storage and the energy requirement order was SG > CG > AG.

关键词： In-situ hydrogen sorption/storage in WGS reaction SupercriticalCO2 gasification of biomass Air gasification of biomass Steam gasification of biomass Enhanced hydrogen production

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The Proposal and Calculation Method of the Annular Domain Weight Function for the Electromagnetic flowmeter Under Annular Conductivity Distribution

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Yang Yang, Biaohu Zhang, Chao Yang, Bin School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

The electromagnetic flowmeter has many advantages, including non-invasiveness, absence of movable parts, high reliability, and insensitivity to physical properties of fluid such as density, temperature, pressure, and viscosity. However, it is susceptible to the impact of non-uniform distribution of medium conductivity. Therefore, studying the characteristic of weight function distribution under non-uniform conductivity distribution is of significant importance for expanding the engineering applications of electromagnetic flowmeter. This includes the case where the conductivity distribution is annular. In this paper, the influence of annular feature input parameters on the weight function distribution is explored by changing the radial distribution size and conductivity ratio of the center and outer ring under annular conductivity distribution. The research results indicate that annular feature input parameters will have complex effects on the distribution of weight function for electromagnetic flowmeter. However, an important finding is that the average value of the weight function within any small annular domain of the center or outer ring remains constant as the radial position changes. Therefore, this paper innovatively proposes the concept of ‘annular domain weight function’. It utilizes the average weight function of the center and outer ring to represent the contribution of the induced electromotive force generated by the average flow velocity within the center and outer ring under axisymmetric flow distribution to the potential difference between the two electrodes. Furthermore, the relationship between the ratio of the annular domain weight function of the center and outer ring and the annular feature input parameters is further studied. Ultimately, the expressions for calculating the weight function of the center and outer ring are obtained. This will be crucially significant for establishing theoretical response model for electromagnetic flowmeter under an

关键词： Distribution functions

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A novel hybrid approach for high-efficiency and low-load airfoil design for H-type vertical axis wind turbines

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PHYSICS OF FLUIDS 2025年第3期37卷

作者： Huang, ShengXian Ng, Eddie Yin Kwee Li, Chun Zhang, Yongxing Moghtaderi, Behdad Wang, Ying Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ NTU Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn Singapore 63904455 Singapore Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China China Univ Petr Natl Engn Lab Pipeline Safety MOE Key Lab Petr Engn Beijing Key Lab Urban Oil & Gas Distribut Technol Beijing 102249 Peoples R China Univ Newcastle Ctr Innovat Energy Technol Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia

The bionic approach enables the rapid excellent design, avoiding the complexity and time-consuming traditional optimization processes. To swiftly develop a high-efficiency airfoil suitable for vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), this study designs a novel dolphin-average airfoil (Dol-Ave airfoil) inspired by the streamlined profile of the Dall's porpoise's head. Furthermore, considering the challenges in aligning biologically inspired designs with practical engineering requirements, the Archive-based Micro Genetic Algorithm (AMGA) is adopted to refine the Dol-Ave airfoil contours by targeting high energy capture efficiency and low load. The combination of bio-inspired method and numerical optimization is referred to as the hybrid optimization method. The results of numerical simulations and comparative verification show the following: (1) When tip-speed ratio(TSR) is 0.5, compared to National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) 0018 airfoil, the power coefficient of the Dol-Ave airfoil increases by 52.66%. However, under the high tip-speed ratio conditions, no improvement in wind energy utilization is observed. (2) The optimized airfoil (Dol-Ave opt) achieves power coefficient optimization across the full tip-speed ratio range. Compared to NACA 0018, when TSR = 0.5, the power coefficient of the Dol-Ave opt airfoil increases by 30.01%;when TSR = 1.2, the increase is 8.16%. (3) Both the Dol-Ave airfoil and the Dol-Ave opt airfoil show improvements in lateral thrust load. The bio-inspired airfoil design method and the hybrid design approach proposed in this study offer valuable insights for airfoil design.

关键词： Vertical axis wind turbine

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heat pump drying kinetics modeling and prediction for Lentinus edodes based on orthogonal experimental

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CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL engineering 2024年 63卷

作者： Hou, Yaxiang Wu, Weidong Wang, Jing Yang, Yingying Zhang, Hua Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

To accurately understand the moisture variation and drying characteristics of Lentinus edodes (L. edodes) during the drying process, the kinetics model of L. edodes with a wider application range was investigated. First, the heat pump drying kinetics model for L. edodes was fitted, verified and extended based on the orthogonal experimental data. Then, the expression of moisture ratio of L. edodes with respect to drying time, air supply temperature (AST), loading density (LD) and circulating air volume (CAV) was proposed, and interaction effects of the three key parameters on the drying time were studied based on the prediction model. The findings indicated a substantial agreement between the predicted and experimental values. The drying time could be shortened by increasing the air supply temperature and the circulating air volume or decreasing the loading density. Among these three factors, the AST had the greatest impact on drying time, followed by CAV and LD. For every 48 g/m2 reduction in LD and 11.3 m3/h increase in CAV, the drying time could be reduced by 10.5-29.9 min. Similarly, increasing the AST by 1 degrees C and the CAV by 11.3 m3/h could decrease the drying time by 13.7-100.6 min. The research results are helpful to optimize the drying process, improve the drying efficiency, and provide guidance and references for practical production of L. edodes HPD.

关键词： Air supply temperature Circulating air volume heat pump drying Kinetics model Lentinus edodes Loading density Nomenclature

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An inverse fault detection and diagnosis (IFDD) strategy for practical application on chiller product

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRIGERATION 2022年 134卷 24-34页

作者： Lu, Hailong Cui, Xiaoyu Han, Hua Liu, Jiangyan Zhang, Yunqian [a]School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 516 Jungong Road Yangpu District Shanghai 200093 PR China [b]Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering Shanghai 200093 PR China [c]CQ Midea General Refrigeration Equipment Co. Ltd. 15 Qiangwei Road Nanan District Chongqing 401336 PR China [d]School of Energy and Power Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing PR China

Current research on chiller fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) is usually based on the multi-classification method for mixed multiple fault types. The establishment of a multi-classification FDD model requires obtaining extensive test data of normal operation and multiple common faults at different fault levels, so the cost-to benefit ratio will not be accepted. In addition, because of the information interference between different types of fault data, FDD model is hard to avoid over-fitting or under-fitting, and there may be an intolerable high false alarm rate existing in product application. Therefore, it is difficult to promote FDD in actual chiller product applications. This paper proposes an inverse fault detection and diagnosis (IFDD) strategy, which is based on the characteristics of the target fault (the fault to be concerned) to establish a two-classification fault diagnosis model. Compared with the multi-classification method, the amount of fault test data required by the two classification methods to realize fault diagnosis can be greatly reduced. With IFDD strategy, the detection and diagnosis are completed simultaneously, while fast calculation speed, high diagnosis accuracy rate and low false alarm rate are achieved. The core of the IFDD strategy is to concentrate resources to capture the characteristics of the target fault, and no longer classify other types of faults and normal operating conditions, so it can avoid the influence of information interference between multiple types of fault data in the fault diagnosis model. In order to verify the feasibility of this strategy, a 200 ton variable-speed screw chiller has been tested on the laboratory, and a database of normal operation, refrigerant leakage, refrigerant overcharge faults, and a new operating condition of insufficient cooling water flow is initially established. Based on the sensors configured by the chiller unit and using the exponentially weighted moving-average (EWMA) control chart for

关键词： Inverse FDD Strategy Practical application Chiller product EWMA

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Study on local thermal sensation and model applicability in vehicle cabin under different driving states

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heat AND MASS transfer 2021年第1期57卷 41-52页

作者： Qi, Liangkui Liu, Jianhua Zhang, Liang Wu, Qingqing Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 20093 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

An experimental study on the dynamic thermal environment and front and rear occupants' local thermal sensation of the vehicle cabin in automatic air conditioning mode under different driving states in summer is conducted. Experimental results show: air temperature, occupant skin temperature and local thermal sensation are all affected by crew position, body part and driving status. Driving increases the heat flux between the vehicle body and the air outside. Driving helps reduce body part differences and improves uniformity of front and rear cabin. Local thermal sensation and local skin temperature show a good linear relationship. But the linear correlation coefficient is affected by crew position, body part, driving state and air conditioning conditions. When the air conditioning system in vehicle cabin adopts the automatic mode, the local thermal sensation under different driving status of the same body part can be unified under the same one exponential function. And the static model is more suitable to describe local thermal sensation than the dynamic model, which means that only need to consider non-uniformity and ignore transient. Substituting the local skin temperature under driving condition into a static model fitted with idle condition can predict the body's local thermal sensation well.

关键词： Vehicle cabin Thermal environment Local thermal sensation Skin temperature Model construction

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