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34th ACM Web Conference, WWW 2025

作者： Sun, Yubo Sun, Haoxin Zhang, Zhongzhi Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Institute of Intelligent Complex Systems Fudan University Shanghai200433 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712746

Centrality measures are essential for identifying important nodes and edges in networks. In this paper, we focus on two forest-based centrality measures on undirected graphs: forest node centrality (FNC) and forest edge centrality (FEC), which capture the influence of nodes and edges through their participation in spanning forests. Both centrality measures can be represented using entries of the forest matrix. To address the challenge of computing the two measures on large networks, we propose two scalable algorithms from different perspectives. The first algorithm IFGN combines two variance reduction techniques to approximate the entries of the forest matrix, applicable to both FNC and FEC. The second algorithm FECE incorporates a new physical interpretation of FEC, allowing for a better overall estimation. We provide error guarantees for both algorithms and demonstrate their efficiency and effectiveness through extensive experiments on various real-world networks. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Approximation algorithms

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Motion Matters: Difference-based Multi-scale Learning for Infrared UAV Detection

Motion Matters: Difference-based Multi-scale Learning for In...

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2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： He, Ruian Zhou, Shili Cheng, Ri Sun, Yuqi Tan, Weimin Yan, Bo Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Visual Computing Fudan University School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) detection in the wild is a challenging task due to the presence of background noise and the varying size of the object. To address these obstacles, we propose a novel learning framework for robust UAV detectors, which we call Difference-based Multi-scale Learning (DML). We argue that motion information matters in UAV detection because of the low recognition in one frame. Our method utilizes the frame difference of multiple previous frames, extracting motion information and blocking background noise. We also fuse multiple spatial-temporal scales for training and inferencing, enabling fusion from different sources. In addition, to better evaluate the performance of UAV detection in different scales, we propose Multi-Scale Average Precision (MSAP) metric to aggregate the detection accuracy over multiple scales. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that our proposed approach improves the detection accuracy of baseline models. Notably, we achieve SOTA performance in the 3rd Anti-UAV Challenge, with 2nd place in Track 2 and 4th place in Track 1. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Antennas

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A Transformer-Assisted Cascade Learning Network for Choroidal Vessel Segmentation

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Journal of computer science & Technology 2024年第2期39卷 286-304页

作者：温阳吴依林毕磊石武祯刘潇骁许毓鹏许迅曹文明冯大淦 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing School of Electronics and Information EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China School of Information Technologies The University of SydneySydney 2006Australia

As a highly vascular eye part,the choroid is crucial in various eye disease ***,limited research has focused on the inner structure of the choroid due to the challenges in obtaining sufficient accurate label data,particularly for the choroidal ***,the existing direct choroidal vessel segmentation methods for the intelligent diagnosis of vascular assisted ophthalmic diseases are still unsatisfactory due to noise data,while the synergistic segmentation methods compromise vessel segmentation performance for the choroid layer segmentation *** cascaded structures grapple with error propagation during *** address these challenges,we propose a cascade learning segmentation method for the inner vessel structures of the choroid in this ***,we propose TransformerAssisted Cascade Learning Network(TACLNet)for choroidal vessel segmentation,which comprises a two-stage training strategy:pre-training for choroid layer segmentation and joint training for choroid layer and choroidal vessel *** also enhance the skip connection structures by introducing a multi-scale subtraction connection module designated as MSC,capturing differential and detailed information ***,we implement an auxiliary Transformer branch named ATB to integrate global features into the segmentation *** results exhibit that our method achieves the state-of-the-art performance for choroidal vessel ***,we further validate the significant superiority of the proposed method for retinal fluid segmentation in optical coherence tomography(OCT)scans on a publicly available *** these fully prove that our TACLNet contributes to the advancement of choroidal vessel segmentation and is of great significance for ophthalmic research and clinical application.

关键词： choroidal vessel segmentation optical coherence tomography(OCT) Transformer-assisted cascade learning retinal fluid segmentation multi-scale feature extraction

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PRPFD: Polynomial Resampling Particle Filter Based Deconvolution Approach for Resting-State BOLD-fMRI Data Analysis 24

PRPFD: Polynomial Resampling Particle Filter Based Deconvolu...

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5th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence for Medicine science, ISAIMS 2024

作者： Luo, Yunying Zeng, Weiming Key Laboratory for Digital Imaging Processing and Intelligent Computing School of Information Engineering Shanghai Maritime University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717826

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) stands out in brain science research due to its non-invasive, non-intrusive, radiation-free, high spatial resolution, and precise localization advantages. However, the BOLD-fMRI signals it generates exhibit a several-second delay compared to neural activity, making it unable to reflect brain neural activity directly. This discrepancy may lead to differences from the actual situation. Therefore, this study aims to enhance the deconvolution of fMRI by refining existing methods to reconstruct the brain’s neural signals more faithfully. Building upon the foundation of particle filtering deconvolution, this paper introduced a novel approach to deconvolving resting-state fMRI data: the polynomial resampling particle filtering deconvolution (PRPFD). They adapted the particle distribution better to match the actual state through weight computation and resampling. We performed a simulation-based experiment to validate the feasibility of our approach. Besides, we validated the performance of our method using group data, focusing on both effective connectivity and functional connectivity, providing strong evidence for the usability and stability of our approach, and compared our method with other deconvolution techniques, demonstrating improvements in accuracy and computational efficiency. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Polynomials

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Weakly-Supervised Graph Classification with Even a Single key Subgraph Per Class 24

Weakly-Supervised Graph Classification with Even a Single Ke...

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24th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, ICDM 2024

作者： Zhang, Lu Zhang, Chenbo Guan, Jihong Zhou, Shuigeng School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing China Tongji University Department of Computer Science & Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506681

Traditional graph classification requires large amounts of labeled data, which is expensive and time-consuming to acquire, especially in some special scenarios that domain knowledge is indispensable for labeling graphs. Observing that some key subgraphs can determine the properties of graphs (e.g. the toxicity of drug molecules depend on some toxic functional groups), in this paper we explore to classify graphs using unlabeled graphs plus a small number of key subgraphs for each class, which is called weakly-supervised graph classification. To this end, we develop the WeGraph method, where the graph classifier is trained with subgraph-based self-supervised learning and divergence- minimization based fine-tuning. Moreover, we design a key subgraph extraction algorithm to iteratively extract and update the key subgraphs, which makes the training process a closed loop. We conduct extensive experiments on different types of graph datasets to evaluate the effectiveness of WeGraph. Experimental results show that WeGraph can achieve high performance even when only one key subgraph is provided for each class. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Spatiality-Aligned Graph Convolution Hashing for Unsupervised Cross-Modal Retrieval 2

Spatiality-Aligned Graph Convolution Hashing for Unsupervise...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Signal, information and Data processing, ICSIDP 2024

作者： Li, Fang Dai, Liulian Lan, Rushi Yang, Rui Luo, Xiaonan Guangxi Key Laboratory of Image and Graphic Intelligent Processing School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin541004 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515669

Unsupervised cross-modal retrieval leveraging hash learning has attracted a lot of interest from academics, primarily due to its minimal storage requirements, swift retrieval speeds, and label-free nature, making it a prime candidate for real-world applications. Nevertheless, the inherent "heterogeneous differences"and "semantic gap"within cross-modal data features pose significant challenges. Despite various attempts by scholars to address these issues, the existing solutions often fall short in terms of effectiveness. This can be attributed to several reasons: Firstly, image features, in contrast to text features, possess a plethora of attributes, making it challenging to extract features that possess strong expressive capabilities. Secondly, each modality of data exhibits not only inter-node correlations but also intricate relationships between individual nodes and their neighboring nodes. Consequently, a straightforward semantic correlation matrix is inadequate in capturing the intricate structural relationships within the data. Thirdly, the neglect of internal structural associations results in insufficient representation capabilities of binary hash codes in the Hamming space, hampering the learning of effective hash functions. To address these limitations, we introduce a Spatiality-Aligned Graph Convolution Hashing (SAGCH) algorithm. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our SAGCH method excels in both "image-to-text retrieval"and "text-to-image retrieval"tasks. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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CIRCLE: ScRNA-seq Data Clustering by Cluster-aware Iterative Contrastive Learning

CIRCLE: ScRNA-seq Data Clustering by Cluster-aware Iterative...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Wang, Jinxian Jiang, Weikang Guan, Jihong Zhou, Shuigeng Fudan University Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Shanghai200433 China Tongji University Department of Computer Science and Technolog Shanghai201804 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables researchers to analyze gene expression at single-cell level. One important task in scRNA-seq data analysis is unsupervised clustering, which helps identify distinct cell types, laying down the foundation for other downstream analysis tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel method called Cluster-aware IteRative Contrastive LEarning (CIRCLE in short) for scRNA-seq data clustering, which uses an iterative representation learning and clustering framework to progressively learn the clustering structure of scRNA-seq data with a cluster-aware contrastive loss. CIRCLE consists of a Transformer encoder, a clustering head, a projection head and a contrastive loss. First, CIRCLE extracts the feature vectors of the original and augmented data by the Transformer-encoder. Then, it computes the clustering centroids by K-means and employs the student's t-distribution to assign pseudo-labels to all cells in the clustering head. The projection-head uses a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) to obtain projections of the augmented data. At last, both pseudo-labels and projections are used in the contrastive loss to guide the model training. Such a process goes iteratively so that the clustering result gets better and better. Extensive experiments on 25 real-world scRNA-seq datasets show that CIRCLE outperforms the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods in most cases. Concretely, CIRCLE surpasses the existing methods by from 14% to 280%, and from 5% to 133% on average in terms of performance metrics ARI and NMI respectively. Source code is available at https://***/Alunethy/CIRCLE. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Sketch-based Point Cloud Generation with Diffusion Model and Pre-training Enhancement

Sketch-based Point Cloud Generation with Diffusion Model and...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Chen, Yangdong Chen, Mohan Zhang, Yuejie Feng, Rui Zhang, Tao Gao, Shang School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Fudan University Shanghai China School of Information Management and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Financial Information Technology Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Shanghai China School of Information Technology Deakin University Victoria Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Diffusion models, known for their success in various generative tasks like image generation and super-resolution, are applied in this study for point cloud generation, a field that has not been extensively explored due to the complexity of point clouds. We propose a novel method using a diffusion model to generate high-quality 3D point clouds from 2D sketches. This method employs a self-supervised contrastive learning scheme to align sketch and point cloud modalities. Additionally, it incorporates a specific partition mixing strategy to integrate edge information during pre-training. Evaluated on two benchmark datasets, our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches, showcasing the potential of diffusion models in point cloud generation and setting a new direction for future research. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Diffusion Models Point Cloud Generation Self-supervised Contrastive Learning Sketch

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Unveiling High-speed Follow-up Consultation for Chronic Disease Treatment: A Pediatric Hospital Case in China

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Proceedings of the ACM on Human-computer Interaction 2022年第CSCW2期6卷 1-29页

作者： Fu, Jiaojiao Zhou, Yangfan Wang, Xin School of Computer Science Fudan University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing 220 Handan Rd. Shanghai200433 China

In developing countries suffering from a severe shortage of physicians, the follow-up clinical consultation of long-term chronic care becomes a high-speed collaborative work, which has to be conducted in a few minutes. Although much existing work studies how time factors affect physicians' workflows and requirements for information systems, high-speed chronic care is yet to be well investigated. This work bridges the gap by presenting a case of a pediatric hospital in China. We focus on the processes of follow-up consultations, the factors enabling physicians to complete consultation in several minutes, as well as the challenges faced by physicians and patients. Through observations and interviews, we find that physicians conduct multiple tasks (information acquisition, patient-provider communication, and medical data documentation) simultaneously to reduce the consultation duration. Adopting an information summary alternative is the key to fast information acquisition. Templates and references in EMR contribute to rapid documentation and prescription. However, multitasking brings physicians a heavy cognitive load. It also severely compresses the duration of patient-provider communication. As a result, some of the patients' needs, especially emotional ones, are neglected. Based on these findings, we discuss the characteristics and requirements of high-speed chronic care and accordingly propose design suggestions. © 2022 ACM.

关键词： Hospitals

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CPT: a pre-trained unbalanced transformer for both Chinese language understanding and generation

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science China(information sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 43-55页

作者： Yunfan SHAO Zhichao GENG Yitao LIU Junqi DAI Hang YAN Fei YANG Zhe LI Hujun BAO Xipeng QIU School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Fudan University Zhejiang Lab

In this paper, we take the advantage of previous pre-trained models(PTMs) and propose a novel Chinese pre-trained unbalanced transformer(CPT). Different from previous Chinese PTMs, CPT is designed to utilize the shared knowledge between natural language understanding(NLU) and natural language generation(NLG) to boost the performance. CPT consists of three parts: a shared encoder, an understanding decoder, and a generation decoder. Two specific decoders with a shared encoder are pretrained with masked language modeling(MLM) and denoising auto-encoding(DAE) tasks, *** the partially shared architecture and multi-task pre-training, CPT can(1) learn specific knowledge of both NLU or NLG tasks with two decoders and(2) be fine-tuned flexibly that fully exploits the potential of the model. Moreover, the unbalanced transformer saves the computational and storage cost, which makes CPT competitive and greatly accelerates the inference of text generation. Experimental results on a wide range of Chinese NLU and NLG tasks show the effectiveness of CPT.

关键词： pre-trained model transformer language model generation unified model

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