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Target detection enhancement method through multi-dimensional information differential projection and fusion

Optics Express 2025年第10期33卷 21116-21131页

作者： Xue Dong Yubo Lan Zongmin Zhao Chang Cai Zhiming Zhou Tong Zhang Pingli Han Meng Xiang Jinpeng Liu Peiyue Xie Fei Liu School of Optoelectronic Engineering Xidian University Xi’an 710071 China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Computational Imaging Xi’an 710071 China National Key Laboratory of Infrared Detection Technologies Shanghai 200083 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Remote Sensing Technology Beijing 100094 China

As a powerful detection tool, spectral polarization imaging (SPI) reveals spatial, spectral, and polarization characteristics. When combined with deep learning, its detection capabilities can be further improved. However, SPI requires the acquisition and processing of large-scale data, and it is still facing significant challenges in detecting targets in complex scenes with reduced contrast, loss of spatial structures, and cluttered backgrounds. Hence, an innovative target detection enhancement method via multi-dimensional information differential projection and fusion is presented based on our self-developed SPI systems. It primarily comprises a target retrieval algorithm based on angle of polarization purification and a novel projection and fusion strategy, which can effectively exploit, enhance, and utilize the multi-dimensional distinctions between the target and background. The resulting fused image visualizes these distinctions, thereby highlighting the target from its background. Experiment results demonstrate the efficacy of our method in detecting targets with shielding, camouflage and shape loss in complex natural environments, i.e., grasslands, woodlands, and sky. This significantly enhances scenario comprehension and detection efficiency without extensive computation or model training, making it especially advantageous for military reconnaissance applications.

关键词： Color spaces Deep learning Imaging techniques Machine learning Polarimetric imaging Underwater imaging

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High-Density Sensor Array Based on a-IGZO TFT for Pressure and Light Response

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IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 2025年

作者： Zhang, Jianhua Zhou, Jixing Xue, Longwei Dai, Junshuai Zhang, Xudong Liu, Hai Chen, Longlong Zhao, Tingting Shanghai University Key Laboratory of Advance Display and System Applications Ministry of Education Shanghai200072 China Shanghai University Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Sensing Chip Technology School of Microelectronics Shanghai201800 China

detection capabilities similar to those of eyeballs and skin, such as pressure and light sensing, are crucial for electronic skins, bionic eyeballs, human–machine interactions, and biomimetic robots. Previous studies have primarily focused on investigating individual physical quantities, while simultaneously mapping these quantities remains challenging. This article introduces a dual-parameter sensor array based on amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). The array is capable of simultaneously and independently detecting pressure (106.9 kPa-1, ranging from 0.5 to 10 kPa) and ultraviolet (UV) light (0.5 (μW/cm2)-1, ranging from 0 to 76 μW2). The pressure detection is achieved through a patterned conductive film connected to the source electrode of the TFTs, while the UV light is detected by photogenerated electron-hole pairs in the a-IGZO channel. Integration of TFTs increase the spatial resolution of both the pressure and light sensor array to 128 pixels per square centimeter (PPSC). The development of this dual-parameter high-density sensor array holds profound significance for applications in biomimetic eyeballs and electronic skin, such as texture and shape recognition. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Highly Sensitive Lithium Niobate-Based Saw Strain Sensor With on-Chip Temperature Compensation

Highly Sensitive Lithium Niobate-Based Saw Strain Sensor Wit...

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IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

作者： Chunlong Cheng Jingwen Yang Xiaoru Li Tong Tong Huahuang Luo Zekai Meng Qingqing Ke School of Microelectronics Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing Technology and Intelligent Detection Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China

ISBN: (数字)9798331508890

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508906

We reported a surface acoustic wave (SAW) strain sensor based on 128° Y-cut lithium niobate, which was capable of exciting three modes. Based on these multiple modes, an on-chip temperature compensation scheme was therefore proposed. We conducted tests from 25 °C to 120 °C, and within 0-800 με, the maximum relative error between measured strain and reference strain was only 5.8%. Additionally, after the beat frequency, linearity of strain sensing was enhanced compared to a single mode, and sensitivity was 284.07 Hz/με, being two orders of magnitude higher than that of the SAW strain sensors reported in the literature with on-chip temperature compensation.

关键词： Temperature sensors Temperature measurement Temperature distribution Sensitivity Surface acoustic waves Linearity Capacitive sensors System-on-chip Sensors Strain

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In-Situ Saw/Baw Sensors Based on P(VDF-TRFE) for Strain and Temperature Measurement

In-Situ Saw/Baw Sensors Based on P(VDF-TRFE) for Strain and ...

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IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

作者： Xiaoru Li Chunlong Cheng Jingwen Yang Guoxiang Zhang Zihan Lu Xuefei Yan Huahuang Luo Zekai Meng Qingqing Ke School of Microelectronics Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Sensing Technology and Intelligent Detection Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China

ISBN: (数字)9798331508890

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508906

The paper presents an in-situ Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) / Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE), which is directly integrated onto a metal surface. Characterization results confirm that the P(VDF-TrFE) film is well-suited for fabricating SAW/BAW sensors. The sensor excites multiple BAW modes, enabling temperature sensing with a maximum temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of 738 ppm/°C in BAW mode 3, which is six times higher than the reported in-situ BAW devices. In SAW mode 1, the TCF reaches 745 ppm/°C, almost eight times greater than the previous in-situ SAW devices. Moreover, the SAW mode 1 exhibits good linearity across a large strain measurement range of 7000 με, with a sensitivity of 146 Hz/με, surpassing the strain range of the reported in-situ SAW devices by nearly fourfold. Overall, the developed in-situ SAW/BAW sensor features outstanding performance in both temperature and strain sensing, which demonstrates the significant potential for multifunctional and multimodal sensing applications in structural health monitoring (SHM).

关键词： Temperature sensors Temperature measurement Micromechanical devices Sensitivity Multimodal sensors Surface acoustic waves Surface acoustic wave devices Strain measurement Sensors Strain

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A Novel Design for SRAM Bitcell with 3-Complementary-FETs

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cheng, Xiaoyu Hu, Yangyang Miao, Tianci Liu, Wenbo Zheng, Qihang Liu, Yisi Liang, Jie Chen, Liang Guo, Aiying Yin, Luqiao Zhang, Jianhua Ren, Kailin School of Microelectronics Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Sensing Chip Technology Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chips and Systems for Intelligent Connected Vehicle Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China

The complementary field-effect transistors (CFETs), featuring vertically stacked n/p-FETs, enhance integration density and significantly reduce the area of standard cells such as static random-access memory (SRAM). However, the advantage of area scaling by utilizing the CFET structure is hindered by the imbalance in the number of N/P transistors (normally 4N/2P) within the SRAM standard cell. In this article, a novel design that achieves a 6T-SRAM configuration composed of three sets of CFETs is proposed, by stacking two n-FET pass-gate (PG) transistors vertically through a CFET structure. The channel doping concentration, as well as the number of top and bottom nanosheets (NS) are optimized using TCAD simulations, concluding that junctionless accumulation mode (JAM) device instead of inversion mode (IM) device is a better choice for PG and pull-down (PD) transistors in SRAM. An area reduction of 37% in the SRAM standard cell layout is achieved compared with the conventional SRAM layout based on CFET. The predicted performance of the 3-CFET SRAM with n-type channel doping of 1×1015 cm-3 and NS number of '1B4T' demonstrates the greatest overall performances in write margin (349.60 mV) and write delay (54.4 ps). This work provides a promising strategy for the SRAM design in the CFET framework. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Static random access storage

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Extraction of phase information for moiré fringes based on adaptive wavelet basis frequency

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Applied Optics 2025年第13期64卷 3677-3683页

作者： Cao, Zi-Mu Chen, Yun-Yun Jiang, Jian Cao, Zhao-Lou State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Atmospheric Optoelectronic Detection and Information Fusion Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Optoelectronic Sensing Technology of Atmosphere Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China Jiangsu International Joint Laboratory on Meteorological Photonics and Optoelectronic Detection Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing210044 China

As a critical step in moiré tomography, the extraction of phase information directly impacts the accuracy and resolution of the results. In this study, an adaptive wavelet basis frequency selection method is proposed for extracting the phase information of moiré fringes. The theories of wavelet basis frequency selection are derived based on the moiré fringe intensity distribution, followed by numerical simulations that demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of our method. Subsequently, validation experiments are performed, in which the phase information obtained by the adaptive method is compared with that obtained by Fourier and ridge detection methods. The results indicate that the introduction of adaptive wavelet basis frequency selection demonstrates advantages in noise resistance, accuracy, and efficiency. Meanwhile, it exhibits greater adaptability and robustness to moiré fringes with different carrier frequencies. In summary, the introduction of adaptive wavelet basis frequency opens great possibilities for the precise analysis of complex optical fringes, which will expand the application potential of moiré tomography. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group.

关键词： Adaptive optics

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Advancements in research and current applications of

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The European Physical Journal Special Topics 2025年 1-29页

作者： Zhou, Zhengrong Zhang, Hongwei Huang, Rongjin He, Feng Xu, Dong Yan, Xiuwen Li, Laifeng Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Hunan Key Laboratory of High-Performance Intelligent Sensor and Detection System The 48th Research Institute of CETC Changsha China Hunan National Defense Key Laboratory of Thin Film Sensing Technology The 48th Research Institute of CETC Changsha China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In recent years, superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) based on the Josephson effect have undergone significant advancements. As one of the most sensitive and precise instruments for measuring magnetic fields, SQUIDs are widely used in low-frequency communications, biomagnetic measurements, aerial magnetometry, nondestructive testing, magnetic measurement microscopy, and other fields. The development of SQUIDs involves theories and technologies such as electromagnetic theory, superconductivity, semiconductor technology, thin film fabrication technology, packaging technology, electronic circuits, and cryogenics, reflecting a product of multidisciplinary integration. This paper reviews and summarizes the principles, types, processes, system structures, and current research status of SQUIDs while anticipating future developments in this field.

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Research on cavity-driven control methods for concentration gradient microdroplets with high precision and stability

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Analyst 2025年 2025 May 2页

作者： Lin, Huimei Dong, Jianhong Yu, Qing Wang, Junsheng Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Sensing and Intelligent Detection Dalian Maritime University Dalian116026 China Department of Information Science and Technology Dalian Maritime University Dalian116026 China

Microfluidic chip technology, an emerging interdisciplinary field, enables precise control of fluids at micro- and nano-scales and is widely applied in biomedicine, chemical analysis, and drug screening. This study investigates the effect of the parameters of chip geometry and the flow rate of fluid on the performance of the droplet concentration gradient generator using a cave-based microfluidic chip structure through numerical simulation and experimental verification. Finite element simulation software, equipped with laminar flow, phase field, and dilute substance transfer modules, was employed to analyze the impact of geometric parameters (cavity number, cavity radius, contact length between the cavity and the central channel, and cavity interval length) on the concentration gradient curve. Additionally, the effect of the fluid flow rate on the frequency, size, and concentration of the generated microdroplets was explored. Results indicate that the number, radius, and contact length of cavities significantly affect the concentration gradient curve, while the interval length has a minimal impact. Precise control of droplet concentration, generation frequency, and size can be achieved by adjusting the flow rates of the dispersed phase and the continuous phase. This study provides a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of concentration gradient microfluidic chips and promotes the application of concentration gradient microdroplet technology in high-throughput drug screening, biological detection and chemical analysis. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Laminar flow

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HSI-MFormer: Integrating Mamba and Transformer Experts for Hyperspectral Image Classification

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote sensing 2025年 63卷

作者： He, Yan Tu, Bing Liu, Bo Li, Jun Plaza, Antonio Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Institute of Optics and Electronics State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Atmospheric Optoelectronic Detection and Information Fusion Jiangsu International Joint Laboratory on Meteorological Photonics and Optoelectronic Detection Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Optoelectronic Sensing Technology of Atmosphere Nanjing210044 China China University of Geosciences Faculty of Computer Science Wuhan430074 China University of Extremadura Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory Department of Technology of Computers and Communications Escuela Politecnica Cáceres‎10003 Spain

Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification is fundamental to numerous remote sensing applications, enabling detailed analysis of material properties and environmental conditions. Recent Mamba built upon selective state space models (S6) have demonstrated exceptional advantages in long-range sequence modeling with linear computational efficiency, while Transformer based on self-attention mechanisms is particularly adept at capturing short-range dependencies. To leverage the complementary strengths of these models, this paper introduces a novel hybrid Mamba-Transformer framework (HSI-MFormer), effectively exploring the multiscale properties of hyperspectral data for HSI classification. Initially, a Multiscale Token Generation module (MTG) is developed, which converts the HSI cube into multiple spatial-spectral token groups across different scales. To adequately capture fine-grained multiscale spatial-spectral patterns, an Inner-scale Transformer Expert (ITE) is designed, which incorporates grouped self-attention operations to perform short-range sequence modeling within token groups at each scale. Meanwhile, a Cross-scale Mamba Expert (CME) is introduced, which integrates a cross-scale serialization mechanism and bidirectional Mamba block for long-range sequence modeling, further exploring the interactions and complementarity between token groups across different scales. Several hybrid strategies for integrating the ITE and CME are investigated to maximize their complementarity, including parallel, interval, and serial structures. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the propsed HSI-MFormer significantly out-performs the state-of-the-art Transformer-based and Mamba-based HSI classification methods. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Image classification

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Hyperuniform Radiation-Scattering Meta-Device for Scattering Suppression at Grazing-Incidence

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IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 2025年

作者： Wu, Xiong Bin Li, Hai Fan Yu Zhang, Hong Li, Jia Chen Xiong, Wei Zhou, Yong Jin Zhou, Xiao Yang Shanghai University Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Sensing Chip Technology School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai200444 China Jiangsu Cyberspace Science and Technology Co. Ltd. Nanjing211111 China Southeast University State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Institute of Electromagnetic Space Nanjing210096 China Suzhou Laboratory Suzhou215164 China

Low-scattering periodic antenna arrays have been fully investigated in terms of their scattering properties under normal incidence. However, strong scattering can also occur due to diffraction peaks generated by periodic structures under grazing-incidence. In this paper, we present a hyperuniform radiation-scattering meta-device (HRSMD) that effectively maintains in-band radiation while reducing out-of-band scattering at grazing-incidence. The proposed unit consists of a U-shaped antenna and a 5×5 meta-atom array loaded with 100 Ω resistors. A hyperuniform distribution is introduced to arrange all units, effectively suppressing diffraction peaks caused by a periodic array under grazing-incidence. The proposed HRSMD behaves like a periodic array while resembling a random array with disordered spatial configuration. The fabricated sample shows a maximum measured gain of 16 dBi at 3 GHz, maintaining comparable radiation performance to a periodic array with the same aperture size. Additionally, we have fabricated a low-scattering carrier to investigate scattering performance of the HRSMD at grazing-incidence. Compared to the periodic array, the HRSMD effectively reduces the radar cross section (RCS) by an average of 6 dB (horizontal polarization) and 8 dB (vertical polarization) under grazing-incidence from 8 GHz to 12 GHz. At specific frequencies, the maximum RCS reduction reaches 26 dB and 31 dB for horizontal and vertical polarizations, respectively. The proposed HRSMD has significant potential for stealth applications involving periodic/non-periodic arrays at grazing-incidence. © 2002-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Antenna radiation

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