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The microstructural evolution and relaxation strengthening for nano-grained Ni upon low-temperature annealing

Nano materials Science 2024年第6期6卷 726-734页

作者： Ze Chai Bo Peng Xukai Ren Kaiyuan Hong Xiaoqi Chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201800China Shaoxing Special Equipment Testing Institute Shaoxing312071China Shien-Ming Wu School of Intelligent Engineering South China University of Technology511442China

The microstructural evolution and relaxation strengthening of nano-grained Ni annealed at a temperature range of 493–553 K were studied by in situ X-ray diffraction technique,transmission electron microscopy,and microhardness *** low-temperature annealing,the rather limited variations of anisotropic grain size and root-mean-square strain,conforming to an exponential relaxation model,yield a consistent activation energy of approximately 0.5 eV,which corresponds to the localized,rapid diffusion of excess vacancies on nonequilibrium surfaces/interfaces and/or defective lattice *** examinations confirm the grain boundary ordering and excess defect *** relaxation-induced strength enhancement can be attributed to the linear strengthening in the regime of small elastic lattice *** study provides an in-depth understanding of low-temperature nanostructural relaxation and its relation to strengthening.

关键词： Nano-grained metal Microstructure Relaxation Microhardness X-ray diffraction

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Recent Progress in Metallurgical Bonding Mechanisms at the Liquid/Solid Interface of Dissimilar Metals Investigated via in situ X-ray Imaging Technologies

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第2期34卷 145-168页

作者： Zongye Ding Naifang Zhang Liao Yu Wenquan Lu Jianguo Li Qiaodan Hu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The liquid/solid(L/S)interface of dissimilar metals is critical to the microstructure,mechanical strength,and structural integrity of interconnects in many important applications such as electronics,automotive,aeronautics,and astronautics,and therefore has drawn increasing research *** design preferential microstructure and optimize mechanical properties of the interconnects,it is crucial to understand the formation and growth mechanisms of diversified structures at the L/S interface during *** situ synchrotron radiation or tube-generated X-ray radiography and tomography technologies make it possible to observe the evolution of the L/S interface directly and therefore have greatly propelled the research in this ***,we review the recent progress in understanding the L/S interface behaviors using advanced in situ X-ray imaging techniques with a particular focus on the following two issues:(1)interface behaviors in the solder joints for microelectronic packaging including the intermetallic compounds(IMCs)during refl ow,Sn dendrites,and IMCs during solidification and refl ow porosities and(2)growth characteristics and morphological transition of IMCs in the interconnect of dissimilar metals at high ***,the main achievements and future research perspectives in terms of metallurgical bonding mechanisms under complex conditions with improved X-ray sources and detectors are remarked and discussed.

关键词： Liquid/solid interface Metallurgical bonding Dissimilar interconnects In situ X-ray imaging Solidification Microelectronic packaging

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Comparison of the Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of AISI 304 Pipes Welded by TIG and LBW

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第4期34卷 579-589页

作者： Ji-Jin Xu Shuai Wang Ze Chai Chun Yu Jun-Mei Chen Hao Lu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

The stress corrosion cracking(SCC)behaviour of AISI 304 pipe girth welds which were welded by a single-pass laser beam welding(LBW)and a multi-pass tungsten inert gas welding(TIG),respectively,was studied by the slow strain rate tests combined with the electrochemical corrosion *** results show that fracture of both the TIG joint and LBW joint occurs in the heat-affected zone(HAZ).According to the electron-backscattered diffraction observation of the micro structures,comparison of potentiodynamic polarization curves and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of corrosion products on HAZs of the two joints after the electrochemical tests,the LBW joint exhibits better SCC resistance than the TIG joint in corrosion environments,due to the synthetic effect of more Cr_(2)O_(3) in corrosion products,finer grains,lower residual strain and higher δ-ferrite content in its *** the TIG joint has better mechanical property,considering lower SCC susceptibility and higher production efficiency of the LBW joint,the LBW promisingly replaces the TIG for welding of AISI304 pipes in the nuclear power industry.

关键词： laser beam welding Slow strain rate test Stress corrosion cracking Tungsten inert gas welding AISI 304 stainless steel

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Multi-field coupling simulation of vacuum carburizing and high-pressure gas quenching process

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Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering 2022年第1期4卷 54-63页

作者： Wang, Hao Wang, Jing Xu, Jun Gu, Jianfeng Guo, Zhenghong Yu, Ning Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

Vacuum carburizing and high-pressure gas quenching process is being widely used in the heat treatment industry. There is an urgent need for a mature technology to predict the influence of carbon content and quenching gas flow on the microstructure and mechanical performance of workpieces. In this paper, a coupling simulation system of the flow field, temperature field, phase field, and stress–strain field was established. And simulations and experiments were carried out for an 18CrNiMo cylindrical sample and a 20CrMnTi gear hub. The results prove that this system can realize the synchronous coupling simulation of the above physical fields, and the simulation results are accurate and applicable to complex shape parts, therefore can guide the design of the process control scheme of the vacuum carburizing and high-pressure gas quenching process. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： computer simulation fluid–solid coupling high-pressure gas quenching Multi-field coupling vacuum carburizing

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Ductility Anisotropy Induced by Ferrite in Direct laser Deposited 17-4 PH Steel: Combined Microstructure and Dislocation Density Simulation

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第6期34卷 765-776页

作者： Chuanfeng Wu Junmei Chen Zhiyuan Yu Hao Lu Chun Yu Jijin Xu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The anisotropic ductility of a direct laser deposited 17-4 PH cubic part was *** elongations in the specimens from varied surfaces of the part were obtained:~6.2%,~1.5%,and~4.5%in XY,YZ,and XZ samples,***,various orientations of ferrite were found in different specimens,taking the loading direction as reference.A finite element analysis depending on actual microstructures and dislocation density revealed that the orientation of ferrite caused the ductility *** orientation of ferrite affected its plastic deformability and the deformation compatibility between phases during the uniaxial *** ferrite parallel to the tensile direction in the YZ sample had the worst deformability and induced severe strain localization and stress triaxiality,which resulted in inferior *** ferrite perpendicular to the tensile direction showed the best deformability,whereas strain localization remained intense in the XZ sample owing to the unmatched deformability of *** inclined ferrite in the XY sample exhibited moderate deformability and was found to enhance the plastic flow of martensite,leading to the best deformation compatibility and ductility.

关键词： Direct laser deposition Stainless steel Ductility Anisotropy Microstructure Finite element analysis

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Improving hydrogen embrittlement resistance of a modified press hardening steel by introducing retained austenite as hydrogen trap

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第11期29卷 1864-1872页

作者： Wei Ding Kai Yang Yu Gong Li Wang Ji-yao Hong Wei Li Xue-jun Jin Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of Advanced Steels and Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Development and Application Technology of Automotive Steels BaoSteel Research InstituteShanghai 201900China

The effect of retained austenite(RA)with higher mechanical stability on hydrogen embrittlement resistance of a modified 22MnB5(C 0.22,Si 0.8,Mn 1.5,B 0.002,Fe balance,in wt.%)press hardening steel(PHS)has been ***-step quenching and partitioning(Q&P)treatment was applied to PHS,and around 6 vol.%ultra-fine RA was *** ultra-fine RA was found to act as stronger hydrogen trap than dislocations and grain boundaries in martensitic matrix and can decrease the apparent diffusion coefficient of hydrogen from 5.97×10^(-7) to 3.83×10^(-7) cm^(2) s^(-1),which was verified by the combination of thermal desorption spectroscopy analysis and hydrogen permeation *** higher mechanical stability of the ultrafine RA assures enough stability of the hydrogen trap,which results in better hydrogen embrittlement resistance in Q&P-treated PHS than the conventional directly quenched PHS.

关键词： Hydrogen embrittlement Press hardening steel Quenching and partitioning Retained austenite Thermal desorption spectroscopy Hydrogen permeation

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An atomic insight into effect of grain boundary on diffusion behavior of Cu/Al dissimilar materials undergoing ultrasonic welding

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第10期31卷 2555-2567页

作者： Jing-wei Yang Chu-hao Xie Jie Zhang Zong-ye Ding Jian Qiao School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Foshan UniversityFoshan528225GuangdongChina School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals&Technology Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.Ltd.Zhengzhou450001HenanChina

The diffusion processes in bicrystalline Cu/Al joints,characterized by typical high-angle grain boundaries(GBs),were investigated using molecular dynamics *** was found that GBs facilitated the diffusion of both Cu and Al atoms,predominantly enhancing the migration of Cu atoms into Al *** to mean squared displacement results,the movement of Al atoms within Al matrix was more vigorous than that of Cu *** mechanisms of atomic rearrangement,dislocation movement,stacking fault formation,and dynamic recrystallization were *** the compression and initial welding stages,the mismatch in lattice constants and the twisting of grains initiated a squeeze-induced rearrangement of Al atoms at the interface,leading to the formation of dislocations and *** the advanced stages of welding,the plastic deformation primarily occurred within Al matrix,marked by the emergence of dislocations,stacking faults,and GB ***,the shearing effect during the ultrasonic welding process,combined with GB sliding,collectively induced grain recrystallization at the ***,the diffusion between Cu/Al joints could be enhanced by increasing the vibration frequency,due to a significant rise in the number of amorphous regions.

关键词： Grain boundary Molecular dynamics Diffusion behavior Ultrasonic welding Dissimilar material

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Distribution behavior of inclusions in compact-strip-produced martensitic steel and its influence on mechanical properties

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2023年第11期142卷 98-111页

作者： Jing Wang Peng Xue Laiqi Zhang Li You Xiaodong Zhu Shuize Wang Yong Zhong Xinping Mao State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Research Institute Baoshan Iron&Steel Co.LtdShanghai 201999China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The distribution behavior of inclusions in martensitic steel produced by compact strip production process(CSP-MS)and its influence on mechanical properties were systematically *** inclusions in the CSP-MS specimen are mainly composed of spherical Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-CaS,MnS with high aspect ratio and small-sized TiN,whereas many coarse cuboidal TiN inclusions do exist in conventional martensitic steel(Con-MS).The high inclusion density of the CSP-MS specimen resulted in lower total elongation and impact toughness,and the MnS inclusions with high aspect ratio led to significantly stronger mechanical anisotropy than that for Con-MS *** in-situ tensile results indicated that when the fracture direction is parallel to MnS direction,the microcracks induced by MnS inclusions tend to propagate into the matrix,leading to the formation of valley-like features,which significantly deteriorate the properties such as the total elongation and impact *** microcracks caused by TiN inclusions are sharper than those caused by spherical Al_(2)O_(3)-CaO-CaS inclusions,and are easy to propagate into the *** work is expected to guide the optimization of the mechanical properties of martensitic steels produced by CSP process and provide a theoretical basis for the CSP process design.

关键词： Martensitic steel Compact strip production Inclusion distribution behavior Mechanical properties In-situ tensile test

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Unveiling the Growth Mechanism of Faceted Primary Al_(2)Cu with Complex Morphologies During Solidification

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第1期35卷 124-132页

作者： Zongye Ding Qiaodan Hu Fan Yang Liao Yu Tianxing Yang Naifang Zhang Wenquan Lu Jingwei Yang Jian Qiao Jianguo Li School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Foshan UniversityFoshan528225China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

The growth characteristic of primary faceted Al_(2)Cu intermetallic compounds(IMCs)during solidification was observed directly by synchrotron *** formation and transition mechanisms of Al_(2)Cu IMCs with diverse morphologies were elucidated by first-principle calculations combined with electron backscatter diffraction *** Al_(2)Cu crystals preferred to grow along the[001]direction and were bounded by{110}planes with the lowest surface *** faceted Al_(2)Cu rod-like clusters consisted of multiple crystals with complete rod,hollowness and partial sides,which was attributed to the increase in strain energy and solute redistribution during *** faceted Al_(2)Cu with branches was characteristic with the perpendicular relationship between the main branches and side steps and partial coalescence at the junction,which was ascribed to the continuous propagation and growth of newly formed crystals along the diagonal direction.

关键词： Solidification Synchrotron radiography Internetallic compounds Crystal growth Morphology

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C/B ratio-driven phase modulation in stainless steel coating: A synergistic strategy for corrosion and wear performance optimization

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materials Characterization 2025年 225卷

作者： Ye, Jieliang Feng, Yueqiao Li, Zhuguo Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

The development of stainless steel coatings confronts an intrinsic trade-off between mechanical durability and corrosion resistance under extreme service conditions. Although carbon strengthens materials via carbide precipitation, this mechanism carries significant risks of introducing galvanic corrosion. Current scientific understanding remains incomplete regarding the optimal hard-phase design that simultaneously maximizes hardness and corrosion integrity in stainless systems. This study systematically investigated the influence of C/B ratio on microstructural evolution, corrosion resistance, and wear performance in modified stainless steel coatings. Four coatings with varying C/B ratios (0.8C + 0.2B, 0.5C + 0.5B, 0.2C + 0.8B, and 1.0B) were fabricated via laser cladding. Microstructural characterization revealed progressive phase transformations: austenite-dominated → martensite-dominated → ferrite-martensite dual-phase systems, accompanied by sequential reinforcement phase transitions from M23C6-type carboborides to M3C-type carboborides and finally to M2B borides. Notably, the 0.2C + 0.8B coating exhibited peak hardness (654 HV0.5) and the strongest wear resistance by virtue of the superior elastic-plastic deformation resistance of the matrix coupled with the high hardness and modulus of M3(C, B). Concurrently, this composition demonstrated secondary corrosion resistance due to the smallest volta potential difference (the minimum corrosion driving force) between the matrix and M3(C, B). These findings attest to the application potential of the M3C-type reinforcement + martensite matrix in the field of corrosion and wear, and providing guidelines for designing advanced stainless steels with tailored properties. © 2025

关键词： Corrosive effects

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