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Chemical looping steam reforming of ethanol without and with in-situ CO2 capture

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 2022年第10期47卷 6552-6568页

作者： Zeng, Pingchao Dou, Binlin Zhang, Hua Wu, Kai Zhao, Longfei Luo, Chuanqi Chen, Haisheng Xu, Yujie Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Engn Thermophys Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

Chemical looping steam reforming (CLSR) of ethanol using oxygen carriers (OCs) for hydrogen production has been considered a highly efficient technology. In this study, NiO/ MgAl2O4 oxygen carriers (OCs) were employed for hydrogen production via CLSR with and without CaO sorbent for in-situ CO2 removal (sorption enhanced chemical looping steam reforming, SE-CLSR). To find optimal reaction conditions of the CLSR process, including reforming temperatures, the catalyst mass, and the NiO loadings on hydrogen production performances were studied. The results reveal that the optimal temperature of OCs for hydrogen production is 650 degrees C. In addition, 96% hydrogen selectivity and a 'dead time' (the reduced time of OCs) less than 1 minute is obtained with the 1 g 20NiO/MgAl2O4 catalysts. The superior catalytic activity of 20NiO/MgAl2O4 is due to the maximal quantity of NiO loadings providing the most Ni active surface centers. High purity hydrogen is successfully produced via CLSR coupling with CaO sorbent in-situ CO2 removal (SE-CLSR), and the breakthrough time of CaO is about 20 minutes under the condition that space velocity was 1.908 h-1. Stability CLSR experiments found that the hydrogen production and hydrogen selectivity decreased obviously from 207 mmol to 174 mmol and 95%-85% due to the inevitable OCs sintering and carbon deposition. Finally, stable hydrogen production with the purity of 89%-87% and selectivity of 96%-93% was obtained in the modified stability SE-CLSR experiments. (c) 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chemical looping steam reforming Sorption-enhanced chemical looping steam reforming (SE-CLSR) NiO Hydrogen production

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Study on the effects of auxiliary condenser operation parameters on the performance of closed loop heat pump drying system

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRIGERATION 2022年 136卷 17-26页

作者： Ren, Yan Wang, Pei-dong Wu, Wei-dong Wang, Hao Yang, Ying-ying Yang, Qi-guo Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China 516 Jungong Rd Shanghai Peoples R China

Considering the problems of high energy consumption, complex system structure and low drying temperature in current industrial drying system of metal parts, a closed loop heat pump drying system with auxiliary condenser was designed and established. The effects of auxiliary condenser operation parameters on the circulating air temperature, coefficient of performance (COP), moisture extraction rate (MER) and specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) were experimentally investigated, where the compressor rotating speed, circulating air volume, cooling water inlet temperature and flow rate respectively were 3900 ***(-1), 539.8 m(3).h(-1), 5 similar to 30 degrees C and 30.6 similar to 50.1 kg.h(-1). The results showed that the drying temperature gradually increased with increasing cooling water inlet temperature and decreasing cooling water flow rate. When the cooling water inlet temperature and flow rate respectively were 20 degrees C and 34.3 kg.h(-1), the drying temperature was 70.02 degrees C, meeting the high temperature requirement of industrial drying. Besides, the cooling water flow rate had little influence on the system COP, while the system COP increased at first and then decreased with increasing cooling water inlet temperature, reaching its maximum value 5.64 when the cooling water inlet temperature was 20 degrees C. Moreover, when the cooling water inlet temperatures respectively were 20 degrees C and 5 degrees C with constant cooling water flow rate 34.3 kg.h(-1), the system MER and SMER could reach their maximum values of 3.8 kg.h(-1) and 1.68 ***(-1).h(-1), showing excellent dehumidification capacity. These results can provide guidance for the popularization and application of heat pump drying technology in the industrial drying.

关键词： heat pump technology Industrial drying Auxiliary condenser Coefficient of performance (COP) Moisture extraction rate (MER)

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Energy and exergy analyses of a novel sulfur-iodine cycle assembled with HI-I₂-H₂O electrolysis for hydrogen production

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 2021年第45期46卷 23139-23148页

作者： Ying, Zhi Yang, Jingyang Zheng, Xiaoyuan Wang, Yabin Dou, Binlin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai Peoples R China

A novel sulfur-iodine (SI or IS) cycle integrated with HI-I-2-H2O electrolysis for hydrogen production was developed and thermodynamically analyzed in this work. HI-I-2-H2O electrolysis was used to replace the conventional concentration, distillation, and decomposition processes of HI, so as to simplify the flowsheet of SI cycle. And then the new cycle was divided into Bunsen reaction, H2SO4 decomposition and HI-I-2-H2O electrolysis sections. Through incorporating the user-defined module of HI-I-2-H2O electrolysis with Aspen Plus, the cycle was simulated and 0.448 mol/h (10 L/h) of H-2 was produced. The overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the novel SI system were estimated to be 15.3-31.0% and 32.8%, respectively. Most exergy destruction occurred in the H2SO4 decomposer and condenser for H2SO4 decomposition and Bunsen reaction sections, which accounted for 93.0% and 63.4%, respectively. A high exergy efficiency of 92.4% for HI-I-2-H2O electrolysis section with less exergy destruction was determined, mostly due to the transformation of the overall electricity in electrolytic cell to exergy. Appropriate internal heat exchange and waste heat recovery will favor improving the energy and exergy efficiencies. (C) 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen Sulfur-iodine cycle HI-I-2-H2O electrolysis Energy Exergy

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Comparison of gelatinous and calcined magnesia supported Ni or/and Co-based catalysts for aqueous phase reforming of glycerol

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RENEWABLE ENERGY 2022年第0期186卷 656-666页

作者： Liu, Dashuai Dou, Binlin Zhang, Hua Zhao, Longfei Wu, Kai Zeng, Pingchao Chen, Haisheng Xu, Yujie Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Engn Thermophys Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

In this work, two different types of catalysts with MgO support for aqueous phase reforming of glycerol were prepared by the sol-gel method and calcining method, respectively, and the active metals (nickel or/and cobalt) were added by the initial wet impregnation (IWI) method. It is found that the catalyst supported by gelatinous MgO presents better dispersion and the amount of hydrogen produced by the catalyst containing gelatinous MgO support is more than 1.5 times compared with other catalysts. For the Ni-Co bimetallic catalysts, the higher reaction temperature is beneficial to hydrogen yield, but decreases hydrogen selectivity. A high concentration of glycerol increases hydrogen yield and selectivity. Introducing CaO as an absorbent in aqueous phase reforming can improve WGS reaction and reduce methanation reaction through in-situ CO2 removal and capture. The gelatinous Ni-Co/MgO catalyst presents superior activity and multi-cycle stability. (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Glycerol Aqueous phase reforming Sol-gel method Ni-Co/MgO catalyst In-situ CO2 removal

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Facile fabrication of binder-free carbon nanotube-carbon nanocoil hybrid films for anodes of lithium-ion batteries

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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2024年第9期28卷 3325-3335页

作者： Chen, Huan Wang, Chen Fan, Zeng Hao, Liang Pan, Lujun Dalian Univ Technol Sch Integrated Circuits Dalian 116024 Liaoning Peoples R China Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Phys Dalian 116024 Liaoning Peoples R China Fudan Univ Sch Microelect State Key Lab ASIC & Syst Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China

The electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) depends dramatically on the composition, microstructure, and morphology of anode materials. The development of carbon nanotube (CNT)-based anode materials is of great significance. However, the easy agglomeration and winding of CNTs hinder the embedding of lithium ions (Li+), leading to the failure of the battery at a high rate when the CNT film is solely used as anode. Herein, binder-free hybrid films of CNTs and carbon nanocoils (CNCs) were fabricated by the facile vacuum-assisted filtration method. The uniform dispersion of helical CNCs in the densely compacted CNTs results in a large number of passways and space to achieve rapid charge transmission. It is found that the storage capacities of Li+ are strongly dependent on the mixing ratio of CNTs and CNCs. The highest storage capacities of Li+ are obtained in the CNT-CNC film at a mixing ratio of 4:1. The CNT-CNC film electrode still has a charge and discharge capacity of 300 mAh/g even at a high specific current of 800 mA/g, while the CNT film electrode has 150 mAh/g. These results indicate that the CNT-CNC hybrid film is a promising material to be used as binder-free anodes for LIBs.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Carbon nanocoils Hybrid film Anode Lithium-ion battery

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Experimental study and modelling of continuous SO2-depolarized electrolysis in hybrid sulfur cycle for hydrogen production

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JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2024年 435卷

作者： Ying, Zhi Yang, Aoli Zhao, Muyang Yang, Jingyang Zheng, Xiaoyuan Dou, Binlin Cui, Guomin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

SO2-depolarized electrolysis (SDE) is the key process in the hybrid sulfur cycle for green hydrogen production, but the detailed SDE characteristics including products generation, current efficiency variation, and side reactions are unclear. Herein, a continuous SDE process was experimentally conducted and theoretically modelled. The H-2 and H2SO4 production was accelerated and the current efficiency for both electrodes was improved with a proper increase in current density (50-100 mA/cm(2)) or temperature (293-318 K), but further increasing current density to 150 mA/cm(2) or temperature to 333 K led to a negative trend because of the anode corrosion or declined SO2 solubility. The increasing initial H2SO4 concentration (10-40 wt%) facilitated the cathodic H-2 production and current efficiency, while negatively influenced the anodic SO2 conversion. The parasitic reactions occurred at cathode consumed H-2 and resulted to the cathodic current efficiency well below 100%. A rigorous mathematical regression model correlating the production rates of H-2 and H2SO4 with current density, temperature, and initial H2SO4 concentration was developed, and combined with the analysis of variance, current density was suggested the biggest factor affecting products generation in SDE process. These findings demonstrate a practical avenue for efficient SO2 conversion and H-2 production in SDE process of hybrid sulfur cycle.

关键词： hydrogen production Hybrid Sulfur Cycle SO2-depolarized electrolysis (SDE) Current efficiency Modelling

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A Li-O2 battery model coupled with LiO2 and Li2O2 reveals regulation mechanism of deposited product composition on mass transport and electron transfer

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APPLIED ENERGY 2025年 391卷

作者： Wang, Yuanhui Zang, Linfeng Dou, Shaojun Hao, Liang Yanshan Univ Sch Vehicle & Energy Hebei Engn Res Ctr Low Carbon Dev & Resource Utili Qinhuangdao 066004 Peoples R China Dalian Univ Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Dalian 116024 Peoples R China Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

To elucidate the regulation mechanism of deposited product composition on the coupling process of mass transport and electron transfer in lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries, a novel multi-step discharge/charge model with solid lithium superoxide (LiO2(s)) and lithium peroxide (Li2O2) as hybrid precipitation is proposed. This model couples the dynamic competitive growth mechanisms between LiO2(s) and Li2O2, while incorporating the asymmetric deposition and decomposition behaviors of Li2O2. The electrode surface passivation caused by the sluggish kinetic rate of electron across the Li2O2 film is solely responsible for the deep discharge termination based on the reduced graphene oxide cathode. LiO2(s) dominates the precipitation products with a limited capacity and a continuous decline in the LiO2(s) percentage with discharge depth. Although promoting the LiO2(s) formation is conducive to alleviating the electrode surface passivation, it aggravates the O2 transport resistance due to occupying more electrode pores with the same charge contribution. Hence the discharge capacity demonstrates a three-stage variation with increasing lithium superoxide (LiO2) formation rate, which rapidly grows by more than two times in stage 2 benefiting from the increased LiO2(s) percentage and enhanced solution mechanism. Whereas a slow rise of 32 % in the discharge capacity in stage 3 is attributed to the conversion of LiO2(s) to Li2O2 toroid for the discharge process controlled by O2 transport. An increase in the thickness or specific surface area of the cathode improves the discharge capacity mainly by facilitating the production of Li2O2 toroid despite the decrease in the LiO2(s) percentage, which is different from the regulatory mechanism of electrode porosity for accelerating the LiO2(s) formation. Increasing LiO2 solubility predominantly mitigates the electrode surface passivation through enhancement of the solution pathway, whereas the elevated O2 solubility synergistically facilita

关键词： Li-O-2 batteries Multistep discharge/charge model LiO2(s)/Li2O2 hybrid precipitation Reaction pathway regulation Surface passivation/O-2 transport

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Evolution of a single sessile droplet under the influence of the dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator

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PHYSICS OF FLUIDS 2022年第12期34卷 1-14页

作者： Zuo, Zi-chao Zhang, Xin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai Peoples R China China Aerodynam Res & Dev Ctr State Key Lab Aerodynam Mianyang 621000 Peoples R China

Ice accretion on airplane surfaces has been widely recognized as a significant safety threat, and corresponding investigations of anti-/de-icing technologies have experienced tremendous growth during the last two decades. Dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators involve different characteristics, such as thermal, acoustic, and flow characteristics, which are well suited for reducing and preventing ice accretion on wing surfaces effectively and safely. However, the correlation between the droplet, as the core of ice formation, and the plasma actuator is still not very clear. In order to understand the anti-/de-icing mechanism of the plasma actuator further, the evolution of a single sessile droplet under the influence of a symmetrical plasma actuator is studied. Interestingly, the oscillation of the droplet is first observed on the initiation of the plasma actuator, which is quite different from the droplet variation under traditional heating or cooling. Then, the flow field inside the droplet under the effect of the induced flow field of the plasma actuator is first uncovered by using the particle image velocimetry system. Subsequently, the evolution process of droplet deformation, deformed droplet moving downstream, deformed droplet moving downstream and evaporating, and water film moving downstream and evaporating is revealed. In addition, the underlying mechanism of the evolution process of the droplet is discussed based on the different characteristics of the plasma actuator. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the correlation between the droplet and the plasma actuation and lay a foundation for proposing the optimized strategy of anti-/de-icing using plasma actuators. Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.

关键词： flow control

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VOF based model of numerical simulation for single aluminum droplet evaporation and combustion

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JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS 2024年

作者： Wang, Jia-Hao Yang, Bin Wang, Ying Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

This study investigates the combustion of a single aluminum droplet in a high-temperature convective setting, focusing on the interplay between the environment and droplet evaporation combustion. Using the VOF numerical method, a two-dimensional multiphase flow combustion model for micron-sized aluminum droplets is developed. Experimental validation compares predicted droplet diameter with experimental data. The combustion behavior of aluminum droplets in high-temperature convective environments is analyzed, emphasizing gas-phase combustion during stable stages. Parametric variations in flow velocity and oxygen concentration reveal the formation of vortices around the droplet, influencing aluminum vapor accumulation and evaporation rates. Combustion primarily occurs at the droplet's windward side, with reaction rates decreasing downstream. Increasing gas velocity from 1.5 m/s to 3 m/s thins the aluminum vapor concentration boundary layer, boosting combustion rates by 35%. Elevating oxygen concentration from 20% to 50% brings the flame closer to the droplet, accelerating combustion rates by 2.7 times, suggesting oxygen concentration's role in reaction acceleration and combustion duration reduction. This research offers insights for simulating aluminum droplets in propellant applications.

关键词： Aluminum droplets Convective evaporation Evaporation rate heat and mass transfer VOF

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Experimental study and exergy analysis of electric vehicle single-stage compression secondary throttling CO 2 air-source heat pump system in cold climate

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRIGERATION 2024年 164卷 75-85页

作者： Wang, Fengxian Wu, Weidong Wang, Rujin Chen, Lang Zhang, Hua Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Shanghai MAHLE Thermal Syst Co Ltd Shanghai 201206 Peoples R China Hefei Gen Machinery Res Inst Co Ltd Hefei 230031 Peoples R China Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol 516 Jungong Rd Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

A novel CO 2 air-source heat pump system (ASHPs) with a secondary throttling based on a single-stage compression was proposed to further improve the heating energy efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs) for heating in cold climates. The heating characteristics of the secondary throttling system (STS) and conventional throttling system (CTS) at different indoor air supply temperatures were compared. The STS performance characteristics were investigated under varying ambient temperature, outdoor air velocity, and exergy analysis was performed on the system and its components. A fitting correlation equation for optimal discharge pressure was obtained based on experimental data. The results demonstrate that implementing STS significantly reduces CO 2 ASHPs energy consumption ( W com ), enhances the coefficient of performance (COP), and reduces exergy destruction. When the indoor air supply temperature reaches 45 degrees C, using STS can result in an 8.1 % reduction in W com , a 9.4 % increase in COP, and a 6.1 % improvement in the exergy efficiency ( Ex eta ) compared to that of CTS. Furthermore, the advantages of STS become more pronounced with higher indoor target air supply temperatures. As the ambient temperature decreases, the exergy efficiency of the STS reaching the target air supply temperature decreases. The velocity of outdoor air significantly affects the STS performance, and increasing outdoor air velocity can effectively enhance the Ex eta of STS. The optimal discharge pressure fitting equation for the STS was obtained through multiple linear regression analysis. These findings can provide ideas for architectural optimization and design of CO 2 ASHPs for EVs, which are important for further improving system performance.

关键词： CO2 heat pump System performance optimization Exergy analysis Secondary throttling Electric vehicles Optimisation des performances dusyste`me Pompea` chaleur auCO2 Analyseexergetique Etranglement secondaire Vehiculeselectriques

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