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Parametric analysis of applying PCM wallboards for energy saving in high-rise lightweight buildings in shanghai

RENEWABLE ENERGY 2020年 145卷 52-64页

作者： Wang, Huakeer Lu, Wei Wu, Zhigen Zhang, Guanhua Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer 516 Jungong Rd Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Tongji Univ State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse 1239 Siping Rd Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

The lightweight building industry develops dramatically in recent years, however it has worse thermal comfort than traditional buildings due to its light thermal mass. A considerable amount of energy is consumed by the building sector in space heating and cooling. In addition, the building envelop can highly influence the energy consumption of buildings. Innovative technologies such as the phase change material (PCM) can be utilized on the wall to save energy and improve thermal comfort. In this paper, the performance of PCM wallboards in air-conditioned lightweight buildings in shanghai with a hot summer and cold winter climate has been evaluated using an EnergyPlus single-zone model. Different room locations in the middle floor of high-rise buildings were studied in the modelling. The results show that the PCM wallboards improve the indoor comfort in both cooling season (summer) and heating season (winter) by reducing temperature fluctuations. However, the PCM in winter has higher efficiency than in summer due to different solar effects in each season. The optimal melting temperature for different rooms is ranged in 22-26 degrees C, which is the comfort temperature for human beings. The economic results show that the PCM integrated into southern wall has the best economic benefit. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： PCM wallboards Lightweight buildings EnergyPlus Air conditioning energy saving

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Numerical and experimental investigation of many-objective optimization for efficient temperature and velocity fields reconstruction via acoustic tomography

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES 2023年第1期193卷

作者： Zhang, Juqi Qi, Hong Wu, Jianze He, Mingjian Ren, Yatao Su, Mingxu Cai, Xiaoshu Harbin Inst Technol Sch Energy Sci & Engn Harbin 150001 Peoples R China Minist Ind & Informat Technol Key Lab Aerosp Thermophys Harbin 150001 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Univ Nottingham Fac Engn Nottingham NG7 2RD England Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

Accurate and high-quality measurement of temperature and velocity fields is important in combustion and flow diagnosis, especially for the control of boiler operations and optimization of combustion processes. Nonlinear acoustic tomography (NAT) is an appealing approach to simultaneously monitor temperature and velocity fields by observing the changes in sound speed they induce. However, the inherent ill-posedness of the tomographic inverse problem and the lack of a priori information may lead to poor robustness, low precision, and the presence of artifacts. On the other hand, the inclusion of a priori information, such as smoothness and box constraints, may require the use of hyperparameters that hinder quasi real-time reconstruction and may degrade performance in actual applications. In this study, we aim to ensure quasi real-time reconstruction and alleviate the ill-posedness of the NAT problem by eliminating the regularization parameters and transforming the inverse problem into a many-objective optimization problem with four objectives. The knee point-driven evolutionary algorithm with improved environmental selection strategy (KEA-IES) is proposed to simultaneously reconstruct the arbitrary inhomogeneous temperature and aerodynamic fields in a furnace. Apart from the investigation of the performance of KEA-IES and the influence of various factors, including measurement noise, function evaluation number, population size, and functional norms, on the quality of the reconstruction, an experimental AT system with independent 16 T/R channels is developed to evaluate the proposed method. The results show that combustion flame temperature and velocity fields can be monitored simultaneously by using the proposed KEA-IES with more accuracy, less consumed time, and better noise immunity compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms. The proposed method can provide valuable guidance in the development of a non-intrusive real-time pyrometry and velocimetry system, particu

关键词： Nonlinear acoustic tomography Combustion and flow diagnostic Knee point-driven evolutionary algorithm Improved environmental selection strategy Flame temperature measurement flow velocity measurement

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Structure-Reactivity Correlations in Pyrolysis and Gasification of Sewage Sludge Derived Hydrochar: Effect of Hydrothermal Carbonization

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ENERGY & FUELS 2020年第2期34卷 1965-1976页

作者： Zheng, Xiaoyuan Chen, Wei Ying, Zhi Jiang, Zhengwei Ye, Yutong Wang, Bo Feng, Yuheng Dou, Binlin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Sch Mech Engn Thermal & Environm Engn Inst Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has emerged as a promising way to improve the fuel quality of low-grade energy resource such as sewage sludge (SS) with substantial merits. Thus, it is important to establish the correlations between HTC treatment and subsequent pyrolysis/gasification of SS-derived hydrochars prepared at various HTC temperatures and HTC durations. The results showed that HTC treatment upgraded the fuel quality of SS and led to the evolution of aromatic structures. Such upgrading made SS-derived hydrochars toward the region of lignite in the Van Krevelen diagram. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that both pyrolysis and gasification reactivity had a generally negative correlation with HTC temperature. Regarding the role of HTC duration, the opposite trend was observed between pyrolysis and gasification reactivities. In general, not only the fuel properties but also the pyrolysis and gasification reactivity were dependent on HTC temperature more significantly than on HTC duration. These findings can provide an insight into thermochemical utilization of SS-derived hydrochars.

关键词： Aromatic compounds Reactivity Pyrolysis Sludges Gasification

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Curvature-property coupling governed heat transfer deterioration in supercritical helically coiled tubes: Mechanistic insights and mitigation strategies via structural parametrization

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International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2025年 215卷

作者： Chang, Fucheng Xin, Jiaxing Wu, Xiaoyi Li, Liwei Li, Huixiong Zhu, Yanlin National Key Lab of Aerospace Power System and Plasma Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China China Special Equipment Testing and Research Institute Beijing100029 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co. Ltd Shanghai200233 China

The unique thermo-hydrodynamic coupling phenomena in the helically coiled tube (HCT) handling supercritical fluids present both opportunities and challenges for next-generation compact heat exchangers. While the pronounced thermophysical property variations near pseudo-critical temperatures (Tpc) and curvature-induced secondary flows synergistically enhance heat transfer coefficient (HTC), their nonlinear coupling mechanisms may unexpectedly provoke severe heat transfer deterioration (HTD). Through systematic numerical investigations, this study reveals that circumferential wall temperature inhomogeneity (CWTI) exhibits an inverted N-shaped evolution, providing valuable insights for thermal homogenization design near Tpc. The secondary flow Reynolds number (Se), quantifying secondary flow intensity, shows a monotonic increase with decreasing coil diameter (Dc) or inner diameter (Di), reaching saturation in high-enthalpy regions. Notably, CWTI demonstrates non-monotonic behavior, achieving minimum values near Tpc before manifesting distinct rebound characteristics near Tpc conditions. Parametric analysis establishes that: (1) Elevating heat flux (q) increases Se, reducing Dc boosts it by 50.3 %, and decreasing Di raises it by 60.0 %. (2) HTD predominantly initiates at the outer wall under high-q conditions, with Dc reduction achieving HTD suppression and 26.9 % enhancement in the local HTC;(3) Reducing the Di results in a reduction of maximum CWTI by 22.5 %–28.6 %, suggesting that structural parametrization effectively mitigates wall temperature non-uniformity, thus suppressing the HTD. While centered on supercritical water, the dimensionless scaling relationships demonstrate extendibility to other media, with the curvature-property coupling mechanism both elucidating fundamental interactions and guiding robust heat exchanger design. © 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS

关键词： Electric heating

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Facile Synthesis of Bulk Au-Co-Coox-Ceox@Iron Ball and its Photocatalytic Application in 4-Nitrophenol Degradation

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sun, Li Qiao, Zhili Zhi, Yuan Zhang, Hua Dou, Binlin Shan, Yuejin Huang, Weijia School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Jun Gong Road 516 Shanghai200093 China R&D Department Shanghai Minrula Biotechnology Co.Ltd Building 15 Haji Sixth Road 218 Shanghai201306 China Department of Material and Environmental Chemistry Research Division of Functional Materials Design Utsunomiya University Yoto 7-1-2 Utsunomiya321-8585 Japan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering China

Bulk noble metal-semiconductor composites can be chosen as photocatalysts to carry out the continuous-flow (C-F) degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) whereas their preparation is complex and uncontrollable. Here, bulk Au/Co-CC@iron ball is designed and prepared by a facile and controllable route without any toxic chemical. The bulk Au/Co-CC@iron ball shows excellent photocatalytic activity and reusability for the 4-NP degradation, which can be ascribed to the synergistic action of active components and foliated iron ball surface. Furthermore, the highly active Au/Co-CC@iron ball is used as packing material to construct a new-type of packed reactor, by which the C-F degradation of 4-NP is successfully achieved. As-fabricated packed reactor and its tandem module exhibit superior photocatalytic performance for the C-F degradation of 4-NP. Noteworthy, based on the tandem module with six reactors, the removal rate of 4-NP can reach up to 2750 µmol/h. Meanwhile, the reactor and its module display satisfactory operational stability and reusability in the C-F degradation of 4-NP. Clearly, the provided route is effective for the preparation of bulk noble metal-semiconductor composites with exceptional performance, which can also be a prospective strategy to obtain bulk packing materials to serve for the C-F degradation. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Precious metals

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Effect of the working fluid transportation in the copper composite wick on the evaporation efficiency of a flat loop heat pipe

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APPLIED THERMAL engineering 2020年 178卷 115515-115515页

作者： Xu, Jiayin Wang, Dongcheng Hu, Zhuohuan Zhang, Li Ye, Li Zhou, Yuren Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China East China Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mech & Power Engn Shanghai 200237 Peoples R China Shanghai Inst Measurement & Testing Technol Shanghai 201203 Peoples R China

An excellent heat transfer performance of the loop heat pipe (LHP) was not only dependent on the efficient evaporation in the evaporating zone, but also on the working fluid transportation in the wick. A double-layered composite copper wick for both efficient evaporation and high permeability was proposed to eliminate the vapor trap in the wick at high heat loads. The transportation layer was 2 mm in thickness near the compensation chamber, and the evaporation layer was 3 mm in thickness facing the evaporating zone. It was experimentally found that vapor trap and dry-out in the wick at high heat loads were relieved, because the balance between high flow rate of working fluid supply and efficient evaporation was achieved. The optimized composite wick with the particle sizes ranging from 96-180 mu m and 48-96 mu m was ideal for the liquid transportation and evaporation in the wick, respectively. The LHP could start in 120 s stably at a low heat load of 20 W (2.83 W/cm(2)), and a maximum heat load of 140 W (19.80 W/cm(2)) was achieved at the allowable evaporator wall temperature of 90 degrees C. The highest heat transfer coefficient was 30,794 W/m(2) K, and the lowest evaporator thermal resistance and LHP thermal resistance were only 0.046 degrees C/W and 0.143 degrees C/W, respectively, at a heat load of 140 W.

关键词： LHP Composite wick Copper wick Evaporation efficiency Working fluid transportation Permeability

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Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Rotor-Bearing System with Cubic Nonlinearity

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SHOCK AND VIBRATION 2021年第1期2021卷

作者： Nan, Guofang Zhu, Yujie Zhang, Yang Guo, Wei Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Peoples R China Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a rotor-bearing system with cubic nonlinearity are investigated. The comprehensive effects of the unbalanced excitation, the internal clearance, the nonlinear Hertzian contact force, the varying compliance vibration, and the nonlinear stiffness of support material are considered. The expression with the linear and the cubic nonlinear terms is adopted to characterize the synthetical nonlinearity of the rotor-bearing system. The effects of nonlinear stiffness, rotating speed, and mass eccentricity on the dynamic behaviors of the system are studied using the rotor trajectory diagrams, bifurcation diagrams, and Poincare map. The complicated dynamic behaviors and types of routes to chaos are found, including the periodic doubling bifurcation, sudden transition, and quasiperiodic from periodic motion to chaos. The research results show that the system has complex nonlinear dynamic behaviors such as multiple period, paroxysmal bifurcation, inverse bifurcation, jumping phenomena, and chaos;the nonlinear characteristics of the system are significantly enhanced with the increase of the nonlinear stiffness, and the material with lower nonlinear stiffness is more conducive to the stable operation of the system. The research will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of the rotor-bearing system.

关键词： Stiffness

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Effect of Ceria Doping on the Catalytic Activity and SO2 Resistance of MnOx/TiO2 Catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3 at Low Temperatures

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AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH 2020年第3期20卷 477-488页

作者： Wang, Qiulin Zhou, Jianjian Zhang, Jianchao Zhu, Hao Feng, Yuheng Jin, Jing Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Thermal & Environm Engn Inst Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

With its industrial applicability and low energy consumption, a process for implementing the NH3-SCR of NO at low temperatures is urgently needed. In this study, MnOx-CeO2/TiO2 (MnCe/Ti) catalysts doped with different amounts of Ce were prepared and experimentally examined for their NH3-SCR activity between 100 degrees C and 400 degrees C. Adding a small amount of Ce (at the Ce/Ti mole ratio of 0.05) elevated the exposure of Mn atoms on the catalyst surface, resulting in the highest NH3-SCR activity occurring between 100 degrees C and 200 degrees C (with a conversion rate of above 98% for the NO at 175 degrees C). Further increasing the Ce content, however, diminished the catalytic performance. Moreover, the NH3-SCR of NO during oxidization or reduction atmosphere confirmed that oxygen species bound to the exposed Mn atoms were released more easily and the resulting vacancies were more likely to be replenished by O-2 at low temperatures. In addition, incorporating Ce enhanced the SO2 resistance of the MnCe/Ti, mainly by inhibiting the accumulation of ammonium sulfates and the preferential sulfation of the Ce dopants.

关键词： MnOx/TiO2 Ce modification Low-temperature SCR deNO(x) SO2 poisoning

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Effects of heave plate on dynamic response of floating wind turbine Spar platform under the coupling effect of wind and wave

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OCEAN engineering 2020年第0期201卷 107103-000页

作者： Yue, Minnan Liu, Qingsong Li, Chun Ding, Qinwei Cheng, Shanshan Zhu, Haitian Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Univ Plymouth Sch Engn Plymouth PL4 7LS Devon England

Stability of the platform is the most fundamental guarantee for floating offshore wind turbines. In order to explore hydrodynamics of floating wind turbine Spar platform under the coupling effect of wind and wave, whole model of floating wind turbine is established based on the OC3-Hywind Spar Buoy platform and the NREL 5 MW wind turbine. Taking the research experiences of traditional marine engineering, this work proposed the structural design method of installing heave plate on main body of Spar. Based on the Bladed Element Momentum theory, this paper adopts FORTRAN language to accomplish the secondary development of hydrodynamic software AQWA to establish the coupled aerodynamic - hydrodynamic - mooring line system model. The amplitude-frequency curves of the added mass, radiation damping, wave exciting force and response amplitude operators (RAO) were obtained based on radiation/diffraction theory to investigate the hydrodynamic performance of floating wind turbine Spar platform in frequency domain. In the time-domain analysis, the three kinds of working conditions include wave-only, non-coupling effect of wind-wave and coupling effect of wind-wave were conducted comparatively to verify the importance of wind load and wind - wave interaction. In addition, the actual motions of original Spar and Spar with heave plates were analyzed to explore the effects of the heave plate and its installation position on the nonlinear dynamic response characteristics of Spar under the coupling effect of wind and wave. The research results indicated that the installation position of the heave plate has little influence on the surge response. In view of the actual heave motion, the heave plate can play a positive effect no matter where the heave plate is installed. When the heave plate is located on the upper part of the platform, the pitch response and the intensity of the fluctuation of the platform will be greatly reduced. Finally, time domain mooring analysis for Spar platform

关键词： Floating wind turbine Spar Heave plate Radiation/diffraction theory Bladed element momentum

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Characteristics of a freezing nanosuspension drop in two different schemes

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APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2022年第9期120卷 091602-091602页

作者： Miao, Yanming Zhao, Yugang Gao, Ming Yang, Liang Yang, Chun Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China China Aerodynam Res & Dev Ctr Key Lab Icing & Antideicing Mianyang 621000 Sichuan Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

Understanding the freezing mechanism of a complex fluid drop is of interest from both fundamental study and application viewpoints. Whereas a water drop is frozen into a peach-like crystal due to the volume expansion upon freezing, the shape of a frozen complex fluid drop is still mysterious. In this work, we investigate the freezing dynamics of a nanosuspension drop in two different schemes, i.e., sessile and deposited. We find that the top of a frozen nanosuspension drop can either be a singular tip or flat plateau depending on the thermal condition onset of icing nucleation. Illustrated using a Hele-Shaw cell experiment, we attribute such intriguing freezing behaviors to the interplay between nanoparticles and two types of ice, i.e., dendritic ice formed in the recalescence stage and planar ice formed in the isothermal stage. Specifically, microcells constructed by dendritic ice lead to the failure of global freezing segregation, which yields the formation of the flat plateau. The fundamental understanding and the ability to control the shape of a frozen complex fluid drop have numerous promising applications in additive manufacturing, microelectronic systems, and others.

关键词： Ice

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