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MTCrossBit: A dynamic binary translation system based on multithreaded optimization

Science China(Information Sciences) 2011年第10期54卷 2064-2078页

作者： GUAN HaiBing 1,MA RuHui 1 ,YANG HongBo 1,YANG YinDong 1,LIU Liang 2 & CHEN Ying 2 1 shanghai key laboratory of scalable computing and systems,shanghai Jiao Tong University,shanghai 200240,China 2 IBM China Research laboratory,Beijing 100101,China 1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China2. IBM China Research Laboratory Beijing 100101 China

Dynamic optimization has been proposed to overcome many limitations caused by static optimization and is widely applied in dynamic binary translation (DBT) to effectively enhance system ***,almost all the existing dynamic optimization techniques or methods employed in DBT systems for a single-threaded executive environment considerably increase the complexity of the hardware or the striking runtime *** propose a multithreaded DBT framework with no associated hardware called the MTCrossBit,where a helper thread for building a hot trace is employed to significantly reduce the *** addition,the main thread and helper thread are each assigned to different cores to use the multi-core resources efficiently to attain better performance,two novel methods yet to be implemented in the MTCrossBit are presented: the dual-special-parallel translation caches and the new lock-free threads communication mechanism—assembly language communication (ASLC).We then apply quantitative analysis to prove that MTCrossBit can speed up the original ***,we present results from the implementation of the MTCrossBit on the uniprocessor machines with multi-cores utilizing the benchmark-SPECint 2000,and illustrate that we achieved some success with the above concurrent architecture.

关键词： dynamic binary translator hot trace multithreaded framework parallelism multicore

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SYNC or ASYNC: Time to fuse for distributed graph-parallel computation 2015

SYNC or ASYNC: Time to fuse for distributed graph-parallel c...

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20th ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, PPoPP 2015

作者： Xie, Chenning Chen, Rong Guan, Haibing Zang, Binyu Chen, Haibo Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Department of Computer Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450332057

Large-scale graph-structured computation usually exhibits iterative and convergence-oriented computing nature, where input data is computed iteratively until a convergence condition is reached. Such features have led to the development of two different computation modes for graph-structured programs, namely synchronous (Sync) and asynchronous (Async) modes. Unfortunately, there is currently no in-depth study on their execution properties and thus programmers have to manually choose a mode, either requiring a deep understanding of underlying graph engines, or suffering from suboptimal performance. This paper makes the first comprehensive characterization on the performance of the two modes on a set of typical graph-parallel applications. Our study shows that the performance of the two modes varies significantly with different graph algorithms, partitioning methods, execution stages, input graphs and cluster scales, and no single mode consistently outperforms the other. To this end, this paper proposes Hsync, a hybrid graph computation mode that adaptively switches a graph-parallel program between the two modes for optimal performance. Hsync constantly collects execution statistics on-the-fly and leverages a set of heuristics to predict future performance and determine when a mode switch could be profitable. We have built online sampling and offline profiling approaches combined with a set of heuristics to accurately predicting future performance in the two modes. A prototype called PowerSwitch has been built based on PowerGraph, a state-of-the-art distributed graph-parallel system, to support adaptive execution of graph algorithms. On a 48-node EC2-like cluster, PowerSwitch consistently outperforms the best of both modes, with a speedup ranging from 9% to 73% due to timely switch between two modes. Copyright 2015 ACM.

关键词： Graphic methods

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Concurrent and consistent virtual machine introspection with hardware transactional memory

Concurrent and consistent virtual machine introspection with...

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20th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture, HPCA 2014

作者： Liu, Yutao Xia, Yubin Guan, Haibing Zang, Binyu Chen, Haibo Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Department of Computer Science Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479930975

Virtual machine introspection, which provides tamperresistant, high-fidelity 'out of the box' monitoring of virtual machines, has many prominent security applications including VM-based intrusion detection, malware analysis and memory forensic analysis. However, prior approaches are either intrusive in stopping the world to avoid race conditions between introspection tools and the guest VM, or providing no guarantee of getting a consistent state of the guest VM. Further, there is currently no effective means for timely examining the VM states in question. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, called TxIntro, which retrofits hardware transactional memory (HTM) for concurrent, timely and consistent introspection of guest VMs. Specifically, TxIntro leverages the strong atomicity of HTM to actively monitor updates to critical kernel data structures. Then TxIntro can mount introspection to timely detect malicious tampering. To avoid fetching inconsistent kernel states for introspection, TxIntro uses HTM to add related synchronization states into the read set of the monitoring core and thus can easily detect potential inflight concurrent kernel updates. We have implemented and evaluated TxIntro based on Xen VMM on a commodity Intel Haswell machine that provides restricted transactional memory (RTM) support. To demonstrate the effectiveness of TxIntro, we implemented a set of kernel rootkit detectors using TxIntro. Evaluation results show that TxIntro is effective in detecting these rootkits, and is efficient in adding negligible performance overhead. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Malware

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A translation framework for virtual execution environment on CPU/GPU architecture

A translation framework for virtual execution environment on...

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International Symposium on Parallel Architectures, Algorithms, and Programming

作者： Dong, Guoxing Chen, Kai Zhu, Erzhou Zhang, Yichao Qi, Zhengwei Guan, Haibing School of Software Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China School of Information Security Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543123

GPUs are many-core processors with tremendous computational power. However, as automatic parallelization has not been realized yet, developing high-performance parallel code for GPUs is still very challenging. The paper presents a novel translation framework designed for virtual execution environment based on CPU/GPU architecture. It addresses two major challenges of taking advantage of general purpose computation on graphics processing units (GPGPU) to improve performance: no rewriting the existing source code and resolving binary compatibility issues between different GPUs. The translation framework uses semi-automatic parallelization technology to port existing code to explicitly parallel programming models. It not only offers a mapping strategy from X86 platform to CUDA programming model, but also synchronizes the execution between the CPU and the GPUs. The input to our translation framework is parallelizable part of the program within binary code. With an additional information related to the parallelizable part, the translation framework transforms the sequential code into PTX code and execute it on GPUs. Experimental results on several programs from CUDA SDK Code Samples and Parboil Benchmark Suite show that our translation framework could achieve very high performance, even up to several tens of times speedup over the X86 native version. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Performance of a multi-channel MAC protocol implemented in multi-robot system

Performance of a multi-channel MAC protocol implemented in m...

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2011 7th International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks, MSN 2011

作者： Zhang, Feng Liang, Alei Guan, Haibing School of Software Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546100

In the wireless network, the throughput decreases rapidly with increasing the number of nodes while using single-channel communication simultaneously. Using multi-channel schemes is a solution of boosting throughput. In this paper, we present a protocol implementation, utilizing multiple channels in an autonomous multi-robot system which consists of several simple physical robots, in order to improve throughput. Each robot equipped with a single 802.15.4 radio transceiver which provides 16 channels for use. Our schemes employ a common control-channel and data channels. A simple approach based on RTS / CTS message at control-channel is used to dynamically allocate channels for robots in such distributed network. Some practical experiments were done to check whether control channel congestion can occur when the proposed protocols implemented in our robot systems. As a result, the proposed multi-channel protocol can provide a relatively stable and higher throughput than that obtained by using the CSMA with a single-channel, with increasing the number of simultaneous sending robots. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Multipurpose robots

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GRAPHMOE: Amplifying Cognitive Depth of Mixture-of-Experts Network via Introducing Self-Rethinking Mechanism

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tang, Chen Lv, Bo Zheng, Zifan Yang, Bohao Zhao, Kun Liao, Ning Wang, Xiaoxing Xiong, Feiyu Li, Zhiyu Liu, Nayu Jiang, Jingchi Institute for Advanced Algorithms Research Shanghai China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China The University of Manchester United Kingdom The University of Pittsburgh United States National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technologies and Systems Harbin Institute of Technology China University of Sydney Australia

Traditional Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) networks benefit from utilizing multiple smaller expert models as opposed to a single large network. However, these experts typically operate independently, leaving a question open about whether interconnecting these models could enhance the performance of MoE networks. In response, we introduce GRAPHMOE, a novel method aimed at augmenting the cognitive depth of language models via a self-rethinking mechanism constructed on Pseudo Graph MoE networks. GRAPHMOE employs a recurrent routing strategy to simulate iterative thinking steps, thereby facilitating the flow of information among expert nodes. We implement the GRAPHMOE architecture using Low-Rank Adaptation techniques (LoRA) and conduct extensive experiments on various benchmark datasets. The experimental results reveal that GRAPHMOE outperforms other LoRA based models, achieving state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance. Additionally, this study explores a novel recurrent routing strategy that may inspire further advancements in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of language models. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Network architecture

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DaSS: Dynamic time slice scheduler for virtual machine monitor 1

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15th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2015

作者： Ma, Ruhui Li, Jian Lin, Liwei Guan, Haibing Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (数字)9783319271194

ISBN: (纸本)9783319271187

I/O performance is an important factor in virtualization technology. However, the hypervisor and the scheduler brings impact on the I/O performance, since the scheduler considers I/O-intensive Virtual Machine (VM) and CPU-intensive VM as the same VM which results in scheduling latency. Most researches address this I/O problem but they do not take dynamic workload into consideration, leaving the facts that their solutions do not work well when the workload is volatile. In this paper, we present a Dynamic time Slice Scheduler (DaSS) as a software solution which brings a significant improvement on the I/O performance. In order to maintain good flexibility and availability, DaSS requires no modification on the Guest OS but only a few changes on the VMM. We implement the prototype on Xen 4. 3. 0 and conduct detailed evaluations on network benchmarks. Our experimental results show that DaSS increases I/O throughput by nearly 40%. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

关键词： Virtual machine

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Real-time enhancement for Xen hypervisor

Real-time enhancement for Xen hypervisor

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International Workshop on Wireless Network Algorithm and Theory

作者： Yu, Peijie Xia, Mingyuan Lin, Qian Zhu, Min Gao, Shang Qi, Zhengwei Chen, Kai Guan, Haibing School of Software Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543222

System virtualization, which provides good isolation, is now widely used in server consolidation. Meanwhile, one of the hot topics in this field is to extend virtualization for embedded systems. However, current popular virtualization platforms do not support real-time operating systems such as embedded Linux well because the platform is not real-time aware, which will bring low-performance I/O and high scheduling latency. The goal of this paper is to optimize the Xen virtualization platform to be real-time operating system friendly. We improve two aspects of the Xen virtualization platform. First, we improve the xen scheduler to manage the scheduling latency and response time of the real-time operating system. Second, we import multiple real-time operating systems balancing method. Our experiment demonstrates that our enhancement to the Xen virtualization platform support real-time operating system well and the improvement to the real-time performance is about 20%. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Virtualization

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DsVD: An effective low-overhead dynamic software vulnerability discoverer

DsVD: An effective low-overhead dynamic software vulnerabili...

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International Workshop on Assurance in Distributed systems and Networks

作者： Wang, Zhuo Tang, Zhushou Zhou, Kan Zhang, Ruoyu Qi, Zhengwei Guan, Haibin School of Software Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543499

Dynamic taint analysis based software vulnerability and malware detection is an effective method to detect a wide range of vulnerabilities. Unfortunately, existing systems suffer from requirement of source code, high overhead or shortage of discovery rules, which limit their usage. This paper proposes a low-overhead vulnerability discovery system called DsVD (Dynamic Software Vulnerabilities Discoverer). DsVD works on X86 executables and does not need any hardware change. A new taint state called controlled-taint is introduced to detect more types of vulnerabilities. Our experiments show that DsVD can effectively detect various software vulnerabilities. DsVD incurs very low overhead, only 3.1 times on average for SPECINT2006 benchmarks. With some optimizations such as Irrelevant API Filter and Basic Block Handling, it can reduce runtime overhead by a factor of 4-11 times.

关键词： Dynamic Taint Analysis Software Security Vulnerability Discovery Software safety computer software computer programs Taints Vulnerability Computer hardware

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Combining static and dynamic analysis to discover software vulnerabilities

Combining static and dynamic analysis to discover software v...

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2011 5th International Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous computing, IMIS 2011

作者： Zhang, Ruoyu Huang, Shiqiu Qi, Zhengwei Guan, Haibin School of Software Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543727

Dynamic taint analysis has been proved to be very effective in solving security problems recently, especially in software vulnerability detection and malicious behavior prevention. Unfortunately, most of current researches in this field focus on the runtime protection, and are incapable to discover the potential threat in the software. This paper describes a novel approach to overcome the limitation of traditional dynamic taint analysis by integrating static analysis into the system and presents framework SDCF. The framework translates the binary into assembly code and tracks the data flow. Then with static method, the system can get the important information which can't be gained at runtime, such as unexecuted part of the code. When this information is acquired, they will be provided to the client tools. The practicability of the framework is validated by implementing and evaluating a tool built on SDCF. The result of the experiments shows that our system is able to detect latent software vulnerabilities efficiently. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Static analysis

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