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Cs-pbft: a comprehensive scoring-based Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance consensus algorithm

Journal of Supercomputing 2025年第7期81卷 1-32页

作者： Liang, Bo Yuan, Fujiang Deng, Jiaru Wu, Qi Gao, Jie School of Computer Science and Technology Taiyuan Normal University Shanxi Yuci030619 China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology Shanxi Yuci030619 China School of Intelligent Manufacturing Shanxi Vocational University of Engineering Science and Technology Shanxi Yuci030619 China

Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) is one of the most important consensus algorithms in distributed systems, which can effectively respond to the threat of malicious nodes. However, PBFT still has shortcomings in terms of arbitrary selection of primary nodes, high communication overhead, and lack of reward and punishment mechanisms. To address this problem, in this paper, we propose a comprehensive scoring-based Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance consensus algorithm, called CS-PBFT. The algorithm introduces a comprehensive scoring mechanism to evaluate the node’s reliability and overall capability, which is composed of two key metrics: node honor and recommendation scores. Based on this mechanism, the algorithm selects the primary node, slave node, and alternate node to ensure an efficient and secure consensus process. Additionally, the algorithm optimizes the communication process in the Commit and Reply phases of the PBFT consensus protocol, reducing communication latency and improving consensus efficiency. Experimental results show that the improved PBFT algorithm not only improves consensus efficiency but also reduces communication overhead, strengthens fault tolerance against malicious nodes, and demonstrates better scalability. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Consensus algorithm

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Two Second-Order Ecient Numerical Schemes for the Boussinesq Equations

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应用数学 2025年第1期38卷 114-129页

作者： LIU Fang WANG Danxia ZHANG Jianwen School of Mathematics Taiyuan University of TechnologyJinzhong 030600China Shanxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology Jinzhong 030600China

In this paper,we construct two fully decoupled,second-order semi-discrete numerical schemes for the Boussinesq equations based on the scalar auxiliary variable(SAV)*** introducing a scalar auxiliary variable,the original Boussinesq system is transformed into an equivalent *** we discretize it using the second-order backward di erentiation formula(BDF2)and Crank-Nicolson(CN)to obtain two second-order time-advanced *** both numerical schemes,a pressure-correction method is employed to decouple the velocity and *** two schemes possess the desired property that they can be fully decoupled with satisfying unconditional *** rigorously prove both the unconditional stability and unique solvability of the discrete ***,we provide detailed implementations of the decoupling ***,various 2D numerical simulations are performed to verify the accuracy and energy stability of the proposed schemes.

关键词： Scalar auxiliary variable approach Pressure-correction method Fully decoupled Unconditional stability Boussinesq equations

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Neural network-driven adaptive parameter selection for the Local Method of Fundamental Solutions

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Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 2025年 178卷

作者： Han, L. Lei, M. Wu, C.T. Niu, R.P. Jia, H.E. Wang, H.B. College of Mathematics Taiyuan University of Technology China Shanxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology China College of General Education Shanxi College of Technology China

In the Local Method of Fundamental Solutions (LMFS), the selection of parameters {Ri}i=1∗, representing the radii of circle-type source points of each local approximation domain is crucial for the accuracy and stability of the algorithm. Traditionally, all the Ri are set to be a same constant which can be determined through a trial-and-error process (TRP). This process is always inflexible and not precise enough for complex engineering problems. To overcome these limitations, a novel method called the Local Method of Fundamental Solutions Neural Network (LMFSNN) is proposed. Similar to the LMFS, the LMFSNN employs the approximation in subdomains centered with each collocation points. By leveraging the powerful learning capabilities of neural networks, the LMFSNN can adaptively adjust the radius Ri for each subdomain, after which the optimal set {Ri}i=1∗ leading to higher accuracy than TRP can be obtained. Several numerical experiments are given to demonstrate the superior performance of proposed method. Related codes are available at https://***/LeiHan-s/LMFSNN. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Numerical methods

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CY Aquarii: A Triple System with Twin Companions

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lian, Ming Niu, Jia-Shu Xue, Hui-Fang Institute of Theoretical Physics Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China Department of Physics Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong030619 China Institute of Computational and Applied Physics Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong030619 China Shanxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology Jinzhong030619 China

In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the SX Phoenicis (SX Phe) type star CY Aquarii (CY Aqr). Our investigation included a detailed O−C analysis based on a 90-year observational dataset, augmented by 1,367 newly determined times of maximum light. The O − C diagram reveals that (i) the primary star of CY Aqr exhibits a linear period variation rate of (1/P0)(dP/dt) = (2.132 ± 0.002)×10−8 yr−1 for its dominant pulsation mode;(ii) the primary star is disturbed by two companions and part of a triple system;(iii) Companion A has an orbital period of approximately 60.2 years and Companion B has an orbital period of approximately 50.8 years. It is highly probable that both Companion A and B are white dwarfs, with Companion A’s elliptical orbit displaying an eccentricity of e = 0.139 ± 0.002, which is the lowest confirmed value in similar binary and triple systems to date. Most notably, Companion A and B have masses that are identical within the uncertainties, with a mass ratio exceeding 0.99. Whether this is considered a coincidental event or the result of an underlying mechanism, CY Aqr is an exceptionally rare case that broadens our understanding of multiple star systems and offers a unique opportunity to delve into the enigmatic evolutionary histories of such configurations. Further intriguing characteristics of this system warrant investigation in future studies, based on additional observational data. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： White dwarfs

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Error Analysis of MSAV Scheme for Two Phase Magnetohydrodynamic Diffuse Interface Model

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应用数学 2025年第2期38卷 348-371页

作者： HU Kun WANG Danxia ZHANG Jianwen JIA Hongen Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024China Shanxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology Taiyuan 030024China

In this paper,we develop a multi-scalar auxiliary variables(MSAV)scheme for the Cahn-Hilliard Magnetohydrodynamics system by introducing two scalar auxiliary variables(SAV).This scheme is linear,fully decoupled and unconditionally stable in ***,we provide a detailed implementation procedure for full ***,at each time step,only a series of linear differential equations with constant coefficients need to be *** validate the effectiveness of our approach,we conduct an error analysis for this first-order ***,some numerical experiments are provided to verify the energy dissipation of the system and the convergence of the proposed approach.

关键词： Cahn-Hilliard Magnetohydrodynamics system Fully decoupled Stability in energy Error analysis

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Discovery of resonating integration modes in triple-mode high-amplitude δ Scuti stars: a new evolutionary phase indicator

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Niu, Jia-Shu Xue, Hui-Fang Institute of Theoretical Physics Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China Department of Physics Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong030619 China Institute of Computational and Applied Physics Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong030619 China Shanxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology Jinzhong030619 China

High-amplitude δ Scuti stars (HADS) that pulsate in their first three radial modes are rare in current samples. Here, we analyse five such triple-mode HADS observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and report that the previously considered second overtone mode (f2) is actually the non-radial component of a resonating integration mode (RI mode, resulting from resonance between a radial p-mode and a non-radial p-g mixed mode), which shows significant amplitude and frequency variations over short timescales (approximately 20 days). This RI mode appears to be widespread among these stars. Notably, all five stars are in the post-main sequence evolutionary phase, actively crossing the Hertzsprung gap. These stars offer valuable insights into stellar evolution during the Hertzsprung gap, which is one of the most rapid evolutionary stages in a star’s life. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Image retrieval

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Discovery of resonating integration modes in triple-mode high-amplitude δ Scuti stars: A new evolutionary phase indicator

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Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年 697卷

关键词： Image retrieval

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Period Variation Rates of Four Radial Single-Mode High-Amplitude Delta Scuti Stars

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ma, Tian-Fang Niu, Jia-Shu Xue, Hui-Fang Institute of Theoretical Physics Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University Taiyuan030006 China Department of Physics Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong030619 China Institute of Computational and Applied Physics Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong030619 China Shanxi Key Laboratory for Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology Jinzhong030619 China

In this work, we present a study on the long time-scale period variations of four single-mode high-amplitude delta Scuti stars (HADS) via the classical O − C analysis. The target HADS are (i) XX Cygni, (ii) YZ Bootis, (iii) GP Andromedae, and (iv) ZZ Microscopii. The newly determined times of maximum light came from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO), and Bundesdeutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Veränderliche Sterne (BAV) projects. Together with the times of maximum light obtained in the historical literature, the O − C analysis was performed on these HADS, in which we obtained the linear period variation rates P/P as (9.2 ± 0.2) × 10−9 yr−1, (3.2 ± 0.2) × 10−9 yr−1, (4.22 ± 0.03) × 10−8 yr−1, and (−2.06 ± 0.02) × 10−8 yr−1, respectively. Based on these results and some earlier research, we also discuss the evolutionary stages and the mechanisms of the period variation of these four HADS. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Pulsars

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Flexible LAN-WAN Orchestration for Communication Efficient Federated Learning over Large-Scale Mobile Devices 30

Flexible LAN-WAN Orchestration for Communication Efficient F...

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30th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2024

作者： Yuan, Jinliang Li, Qing Dang, Fan Mu, Xiaofang Qi, Hui Xu, Mengwei Wang, Shangguang Tsinghua University Department of Automation China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology China China Taiyuan Normal University College of Computer Science and Technology China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515966

Federated learning (FL) has been widely adopted as a privacy-preserving model training paradigm. However, traditional FL protocol heavily relies on data transmission between clients and servers across the wide-area network (WAN), which is tightly constrained and unreliable, therefore causing expensive communication and slow convergence. To this end, we propose a LAN-aware FL (LanFL) protocol, which can efficiently leverage the network capacity of the local-area network (LAN). By frequent model aggregation among the devices within the same LAN, we can significantly reduce the global aggregation across WAN, thus accelerating the training process. However, due to the unique challenges introduced by LAN, it's not easy to efficiently utilize LAN resources while preserving the original dignity of FL performance. Therefore, LanFL also incorporates several critical techniques: LAN-aware hierarchical aggregation, intraLAN device topology construction, and inter-LAN heterogeneous bandwidth coordination. Extensive real-world experiments are conducted and the experimental results show that LanFL can significantly accelerate FL training up to 6.0 ×, while preserving the model accuracy. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Network topology

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Diabetic retinopathy identification based on multi-sourcefree domain adaptation

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1193-1204页

作者： Guang-Hua Zhang Guang-Ping Zhuo Zhao-Xia Zhang Bin Sun Wei-Hua Yang Shao-Chong Zhang School of Big Data Intelligent Diagnosis&Treatment Industry Taiyuan UniversityTaiyuan 030032Shanxi ProvinceChina Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optimization Computing and Blockchain Technology Taiyuan Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030619Shanxi ProvinceChina Shanxi Eye Hospital Taiyuan 030002Shanxi ProvinceChina College of Computer Science and Technology Taiyuan Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030619Shanxi ProvinceChina Shenzhen Eye Institute Shenzhen Eye HospitalJinan UniversityShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To address the challenges of data labeling difficulties,data privacy,and necessary large amount of labeled data for deep learning methods in diabetic retinopathy(DR)identification,the aim of this study is to develop a source-free domain adaptation(SFDA)method for efficient and effective DR identification from unlabeled ***:A multi-SFDA method was proposed for DR *** method integrates multiple source models,which are trained from the same source domain,to generate synthetic pseudo labels for the unlabeled target ***,a softmax-consistence minimization term is utilized to minimize the intra-class distances between the source and target domains and maximize the inter-class *** is performed using three color fundus photograph datasets(APTOS2019,DDR,and EyePACS).RESULTS:The proposed model was evaluated and provided promising results with respectively 0.8917 and 0.9795 F1-scores on referable and normal/abnormal DR identification *** demonstrated effective DR identification through minimizing intra-class distances and maximizing inter-class distances between source and target ***:The multi-SFDA method provides an effective approach to overcome the challenges in DR *** method not only addresses difficulties in data labeling and privacy issues,but also reduces the need for large amounts of labeled data required by deep learning methods,making it a practical tool for early detection and preservation of vision in diabetic patients.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy multisource-free domain adaptation pseudo-label generation softmaxconsistence minimization

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