Recycle CO2 as a fuel, requires a low carbon-footprint energy source supplied via an open system to revert CO2, which is completely thermodynamically degraded as a fuel, to fuel status. The resulting "fuel" ...
ISBN:
(纸本)9780816910649
Recycle CO2 as a fuel, requires a low carbon-footprint energy source supplied via an open system to revert CO2, which is completely thermodynamically degraded as a fuel, to fuel status. The resulting "fuel" is perhaps best described as an "energy carrier" for the low footprint energy source used to create it. A discussion covers the energy sources for recycle of CO2 as an "energy carrier";hydrogen as key intermediate or competing technology;and non-hydrogen routes to CO2 recycle. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 2010 Spring National Meeting (San Antonio, TX 3/21-25/2010).
The effort, timeline and budget required for CO2 storage site characterization is often underestimated. Depending upon geology, volumes and composition of the CO2 stream to be stored, data acquisition, that may involv...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781617820434
The effort, timeline and budget required for CO2 storage site characterization is often underestimated. Depending upon geology, volumes and composition of the CO2 stream to be stored, data acquisition, that may involve appraisal wells, injection tests, Special Core Analysis (SCAL), geomechanical and geochemical experiments, the timeline to conduct the site characterization may run into years and the budget required into tens of millions of dollars. Experience in site characterization, in many different CO2 storage projects, has enabled a "roadmap" to be developed showing key decisions and work activities from initial screening through to the final investment decision. The primary focus of the roadmap is on the work scope of an integrated subsurface team, but it is part of a broader integrated set of activities which include capture, transportation, and storage elements. This roadmap has been used in the characterization of a CO2 Storage Site for ZeroGen in Queensland, Australia. For each phase of the project, work activities are directed at reducing uncertainties to the point that key project decisions can be taken. The culmination is a final CO2 Storage Site Development Plan. Interdisciplinary risk and uncertainty assessments are key steps along the way which drive appraisal and data collection tactics. As new data is assimilated into the site assessment the work proceeds, in an iterative manner, as the views on Storage Site Capacity, Injectivity and Containment evolve. Throughout the site characterization phases, common threads, like the Monitoring Measurement and Verification strategy, are matured from an initial range of identified approaches and technologies into an Operating Philosophy. Constant and early attention and priority is given to Heath, Safety, Environmental and Community issues throughout the work activities and milestone reviews. Besides our personal and corporate responsibility to the community and environment, establishing a strong record of safe
Quantitative interpretation (QI) of seismic data has been successfully used to predict reservoir properties such as porosity and fluid fill. In specific cases, however, adding resistivity estimates of the subsurface t...
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A digital outcrop model of a flat-topped non-rimmed carbonate platform margin of Aptian age was acquired using LIDAR technology. This was the basis for the reconstruction and modelling of the outcropping carbonate pla...
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This paper describes an integrated discipline approach to investigate and mitigate asphaltene challenges in an onshore Abu Dhabi oil field. This large carbonate field produces from three reservoirs with substantial la...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781617820434
This paper describes an integrated discipline approach to investigate and mitigate asphaltene challenges in an onshore Abu Dhabi oil field. This large carbonate field produces from three reservoirs with substantial lateral variation of fluid properties. Several wells in the northeastern part of the field producing from one of the three oil reservoirs suffer from asphaltene deposition in the wellbore. A multidisciplinary team of experts from shell and ADCO worked closely together to evaluate the natural controls on asphaltene stability in this oilfield and to predict whether deposition in other areas of the field may be expected in the future. In addition, a robust inhibition and mitigation strategy has been developed. A thorough review of production and well intervention data, combined with detailed analysis of field deposits confirmed that wellbore deposition was due to asphaltenes in approximately one third of all the affected wells. In order to understand the variability in fluid properties, a wellhead sampling and fluid analysis campaign was carried out (39 wells distributed across the field). Analyses of basic fluid properties such as API, S%, Ni, V, SARA supported by more sophisticated geochemical characterization data of the reservoir fluids clearly demonstrated that the lateral variability in fluid properties from NE to SW is attributed to two processes: (1) geological mixing of fluids from different sources into the reservoir, and (2) maturity variation of fluids form the same source in the reservoir. Furthermore, stock tank oil asphaltene stability tests clearly indicated that fluids from the NE have a high tendency to be unstable with respect to asphaltene precipitation, and fluids from the SW of the field are stable. These results are in agreement with field observations. The confirmation of the field data with simple laboratory tests allowed for the development of empirical correlations between certain fluids properties and the risk of asphaltene precip
Studying stability of a vertically suspended, fully submerged pipe conveying water (free-hanging water intake riser), researchers have found that if a critical flow velocity is reached, these pipes may flutter. Howeve...
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Studying stability of a vertically suspended, fully submerged pipe conveying water (free-hanging water intake riser), researchers have found that if a critical flow velocity is reached, these pipes may flutter. However, there are different predictions for the value of this critical velocity. Researchers have mentioned values changing from infinitely small fluid velocities up to velocities which are unachievable in practice. The nonlinear hydrodynamic damping caused by the surrounding water seems to be crucial for correct description of the stability of the submerged riser aspirating fluid. In this paper, using the Morison's equation, the nonlinear drag is taken into account as a function of the relative velocity between the current and the velocity of the riser itself. The nonlinear system is studied employing the Galerkin method. Ten-mode discretization turns out to be necessary to obtain an accurate result. It is shown that the current has a strong stabilizing effect. If the internal fluid flow exceeds a critical velocity the riser performs self-sustained oscillations with the amplitude smaller than one diameter.
作者:
Rutherford, KWJohnson, PCKyle Rutherford received his master's degree in civil and environmental engineering from Arizona State University in December 1995
specializing in contaminant fate and transport. Rutherford was formerly an officer in the U.S. Navy Civil Engineer Corps and is a professional engineer in Arizona and Indiana. He currently manages environmental projects for Groundwater Technology Inc. in Tempe Arizona. Dr. Paul C. Johnson is an associate professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Arizona State University (ASU) in Tempe
Arizona. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287-5306). He received his B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in chemical engineering from the University of California at Davis and Princeton University respectively. His research and teaching interests focus on the development of cost-effective and innovative solutions to problems related to environmental protection environmental restoration and environmental risk analyses including issues such as aquifer protection risk and exposure assessment remedial method development and waste management. Prior to joining the faculty at ASU he was a senior research engineer at Shell Oil Co.'s Westhollow Research Center from 1987 to 1994.
In situ air sparging is used to remediate petroleum fuels and chlorinated solvents present as submerged contaminant source zones and dissolved contaminant plumes, or to provide barriers to dissolved contaminant plume ...
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In situ air sparging is used to remediate petroleum fuels and chlorinated solvents present as submerged contaminant source zones and dissolved contaminant plumes, or to provide barriers to dissolved contaminant plume migration. Contaminant removal occurs through a combination of volatilization and aerobic biodegradation: thus, the performance at any given site depends on the contaminant and oxygen mass transfer rates induced by the air injection. It has been hypothesized that these rates are sensitive to changes in process flow conditions and site lithology, but no data is available to identify trends or the magnitude of the changes. In this work, oxygenation rates were measured for a range of air injection rates, ground water now rates, and pulsing frequencies using a laboratory-scale two-dimensional physical model constructed to simulate a homogeneous hydrogeologic setting. Experiments were conducted with water having low chemical and biochemical oxygen demand. Results suggest the following: that there is an optimum air injection rate;advective flow of ground water can be a significant factor when ground water velocities are > 0.3 m/d;and pulsing the air injection had little effect an the oxygenation rate relative to the continuous air injection case.
This review presents a selection of recent publications related to the chemistry and catalysis of C1 molecules, including methane, methanol, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. These molecules play an important role ...
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This review presents a selection of recent publications related to the chemistry and catalysis of C1 molecules, including methane, methanol, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. These molecules play an important role in the current supply of energy and chemicals and will likely become even more relevant because of the need to decarbonize fuels (shift from coal to natural gas) in line with CO2 capture and use to mitigate global warming, as well as a gradual shift on the supply side from crude oil to natural gas. This review includes both recent industrial developments, such as the huge increase in methanol-to-olefins-capacity build in China and the demonstration of oxidative coupling of methane, and scientific developments in these chemistries facilitated by improved capabilities in, for example, analytical tools and computational modeling.
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