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Fabry–Perot interference optical fiber biosensor based on the ECF for label-free DNA detection

Applied Optics 2025年第9期64卷 2255-2260页

作者： Wang, Lina Li, Chong Cai, Jun Wu, Shenbing Dai, Mingxia Geng, Youfu Yi, Duo Li, Xuejin College of Electronic Engineering Huainan Normal University Huainan232038 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China School of Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518172 China

A fiber-optic biosensor based on self-reference parallel Fabry–Perot interference (FPI) is proposed for label-free DNA detection. The parallel FPI is formed by fusing a section of exposed core fiber (ECF) in SMF and MMF. Adopting the air cavity of the ECF as a reference, a self-reference differential phase demodulation technique is designed to improve the stability and resolution of the demodulation system. By functionalizing the fiber surface, the sensor can efficiently capture complementary DNA (cDNA). In addition, the specific selection performance of the sensor is explored using non-complementary DNA (N-cDNA). The experimental results show that the sensor exhibits a good linear response in the concentration range of 1 to 5 µM, and the sensitivity reaches 5.53◦/µM. The detection concentration can be as low as 1 µM. The proposed fiber-optic DNA biosensor has good sensitivity and selectivity and has broad prospects in the fields of biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety detection. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Optical fibers

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BERT-PhishFinder: A Robust Model for Accurate Phishing URL Detection with Optimized DistilBERT

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年

作者： Aljofey, Ali Bello, Saifullahi Aminu Lu, Jian Xu, Chen Shenzhen University Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Machine Learning and Applications College of Mathematics and Statistics Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen518055 China

Phishing URL detection has become a critical challenge in cybersecurity, with existing methods often struggling to maintain high accuracy while generalizing across diverse datasets. In this paper, we introduce BERT-PhishFinder, a novel and efficient transformer-based model designed to tackle this problem. While most traditional approaches rely heavily on lexical features or complex convolutional architectures, BERT-PhishFinder leverages the power of DistilBERT, a lightweight yet highly effective transformer, to capture rich contextual representations of URL sequences. To enhance the model's robustness and reduce overfitting, we strategically incorporate SpatialDropout1D in the embedding layers, along with global average pooling and global max pooling techniques to extract both comprehensive and key discriminative features. The pooled representations are thoughtfully concatenated to form a comprehensive feature representation. Through this carefully crafted design, our model adopts ensemble learning, as it undergoes multiple parallel dense layers, each with distinct parameters and dropout regularization. This facilitates learning diverse patterns and features from the input URL sequence, culminating in exceptional phishing URL detection performance. Extensive evaluations against conventional deep learning algorithms, transformer models (XLNet, RoBERTa, ALBERT), and other existing methods on five benchmark datasets show that BERT-PhishFinder not only achieves the state of-the-art real phishing URL detection but also accomplishes this with reduced label dependency. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Phishing

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High-performance flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) thin-film photodetector for tunable color imaging and wearable physiological monitoring applications

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 687-698页

作者： Shuo Chen Hong-Bo Li Yi Fu Guo-Qiang Liu Muhammad Ishaq Jun Luo Jian-Min Li Bo Che Jing-Ting Luo Liming Ding Tao Chen Guang-Xing Liang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous IntegrationCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China The Hospital of Shenzhen General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection Shenzhen 518024China Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education School of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Center for Excellence in Nanoscience(CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China

Antimony selenide(Sb_(2)Se_(3))has recently made considerable photovoltaic,advancements in photoelectrochemical,and photodetector research scenarios,owing to its advantageous material merits and superior optoelectronic *** contrast,the exploration of flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) photoelectric devices are less attempted,though it possesses unique one-dimensional(1D)crystal structure to enable large deformation ***,we develop a flexible Sb2Ses thin-film photodetector on polyimide *** to the high-quality SbSes light absorber and benign interfaces at both back contact and heterojunction regions,the carrier dynamics are effectively *** leading flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) photodetector showcases self-powered and broadband features,with exceptional responsivity of 0.51 A·W^(-1) and realistic detectivity up to 1.32×10^(13) Jones,ultra-fast response speed of 49 ns/351 ns of rise and decay times,and remarkable mechanical deformation stability,flourishing the high-level development for flexible Sb_(2)Se_(3) ***,a tunable single/dual-color flexible imaging system under band alignment modulation,along with a wearable and accurate heart rate/arterial blood oxygen saturation photoplethysmography detection system highlights the great application potential for flexible Sb,Ses photodetectors.

关键词： Sb_(2)Se_(3) flexible thin-film photodetector color imaging heart rate arterial blood oxygen saturation

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CRLNet: Cascaded Resolution learning Network for Natural Scenes Segmentation

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IEEE Intelligent Systems 2025年

作者： Li, Wei Tian, Shishun Hua, Guoguang Liao, Muxin Zhang, Yuhang Zou, Wenbin Shenzhen University Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Machine Learning and Applications College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen518060 China Jiangxi Agricultural University School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanchang330045 China

The natural environment presents a multitude of scenes with diverse content, posing challenges for satisfactory segmentation results using existing segmentation networks. In response, we propose a Cascaded Resolution learning Network (CRLNet) to enhance segmentation performance through global textual embedding and multi-resolution feature learning. The CRLNet constructs a multi-path segmentation system that integrates multi-resolution feature data from different paths, thereby progressively enhancing local feature learning. Two key modules, the Partition-Fusion Channel Attention Module (PFCAM) and the Features learning Module (FLM), are pivotal components of CRLNet. The PFCAM serves as a computationally efficient channel attention module to mitigate segmentation confusion stemming from similar objects. Meanwhile, the FLM is tailored to learn resolution feature maps from different paths, facilitating the refinement of object representation and enhancing segmentation performance. Extensive experiments conducted on real natural scene datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed CRLNet over existing efficient segmentation methods in terms of accuracy. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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DECOMPOSITION NUMBERS OF CYCLOTOMIC BRAUER ALGEBRAS OVER THE COMPLEX FIELD, I

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Gao, Mengmeng Rui, Hebing Xiao, Wei School of Mathematical Science Tongji University Shanghai200092 China College of Mathematics and Statistics Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Machine Learning and Applications Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China

Following Nazarov’s suggestion [23], we refer to the cyclotomic Nazarov-Wenzl algebra as the cyclotomic Brauer algebra. When the cyclotomic Brauer algebra is isomorphic to the endomorphism algebra of MIi,r– the tensor product of a simple scalar-type parabolic Verma module with the natural module in the parabolic BGG category O of types Bn, Cn and Dn, its decomposition numbers can theoretically be computed, based on general results from [1] and [29, Corollary 5.10]. This paper aims to establish explicit connections between the parabolic Verma modules that appear as subquotients of MIi,r and the right cell modules of the cyclotomic Brauer algebra under condition (1.12). It allows us to explicitly decompose MIi,r into a direct sum of indecomposable tilting modules by identifying their highest weights and multiplicities. Our result demonstrates that the decomposition numbers of such a cyclotomic Brauer algebra can be explicitly computed using the parabolic Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials of types Bn, Cn, and Dn with suitable parabolic subgroups [32]. Finally, condition (1.12) is well-supported by a result of Wei Xiao presented in Section 6. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polynomials

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Time Evolution of Orbital Angular Momentum Modes for Deep-Routing Multiplexing Channels

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Engineering 2025年第2期45卷 97-104页

作者： Zebin Huang Peipei Wang Jiafu Chen Wenjie Xiong Huapeng Ye Xinxing Zhou Ze Dong Dianyuan Fan Shuqing Chen Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Physics and Electronic Information Huaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei 235000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology&Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of Education Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsSchool of Physics and ElectronicsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Optical orbital angular momentum(OAM)mode multiplexing has emerged as a promising technique for boosting communication ***,most existing studies have concentrated on channel(de)-multiplexing,overlooking the critical aspect of channel *** challenge involves the reallocation of multiplexed OAM modes across both spatial and temporal domains—a vital step for developing versatile communication *** address this gap,we introduce a novel approach based on the time evolution of OAM modes,utilizing the orthogonal conversion and diffractive modulation capabilities of unitary *** approach facilitates high-dimensional orthogonal transformations of OAM mode vectors,altering both the propagation direction and the spatial *** Fresnel diffraction matrices as unitary operators,it manipulates the spatial locations of light beams during transmission,breaking the propagation invariance and enabling temporal *** a demonstration,we have experimentally implemented the deep routing of four OAM modes within two distinct time *** an average diffraction efficiency above 78.31%,we have successfully deep-routed 4.69 Tbit-s^(-1)quadrature phase-shift keying(QPSK)signals carried by four multiplexed OAM channels,with a bit error rate below 10^(-6).These results underscore the efficacy of our routing strategy and its promising prospects for practical applications.

关键词： Orbital angular momentum Time evolution modulation Deep-routing technology Unitary transformation Mode-division communication networks

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Giant Tunneling Magnetoresistance Based on Spin-Valley-Mismatched Ferromagnetic Metals

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第3期134卷 036302-036302页

作者： Kun Yan Li Cheng Yizhi Hu Junjie Gao Xiaolong Zou Xiaobin Chen School of Science State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen 518055 China Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China

Half metals, which are amenable to perfect spin filtering, can be utilized for high-magnetoresistive devices. However, available half metals are very limited. Here, we demonstrate that materials with intrinsic spin-valley-mismatched (SVM) states can be used to block charge transport, resembling half metals and leading to giant tunneling magnetoresistance. As an example, by using first-principles transport calculations, we show that ferromagnetic 1T−VSe2, 1T−VS2, and 2H−VS2 are such spin-valley-mismatched metals, and giant magnetoresistance of more than 99% can be realized in spin-valve van der Waals (vdW) junctions using these metals as electrodes. Owing to the intrinsic mismatch of spin states, the central-layer materials for the vdW junctions can be arbitrary nonmagnetic materials, in principle. Our research provides clear physical insights into the mechanism for high magnetoresistance and opens new avenues for the search and design of high-magnetoresistance devices.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Deciphering Water Oxidation Catalysts:The Dominant Role of Surface Chemistry over Reconstruction Degree in Activity Promotion

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 340-354页

作者： Li An Jianyi Li Yuanmiao Sun Jiamin Zhu Justin Zhu Yeow Seow Hong Zhang Nan Zhang Pinxian Xi Zhichuan J.Xu Chun‑Hua Yan State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceFrontiers Science Center for Rare IsotopesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering Institute of Technology for Carbon NeutralityShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices National Center for International Research On Photoelectric and Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials and EnergyElectron Microscopy CenterYunnan UniversityKunming 650091People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare EarthsBaotou 014030People’s Republic of China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsPKU‑HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic ChemistryPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China

Water splitting hinges crucially on the availability of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution *** surface reconstruction has been widely observed in perovskite catalysts,and the reconstruction degree has been often correlated with the activity ***,a systematic study on the roles of Fe substitution in activation of perovskite LaNiO_(3)is *** substituting Fe content influences both current change tendency and surface reconstruction ***_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)is found exhibiting a volcano-peak intrinsic activity in both pristine and reconstructed among all substituted perovskites in the LaNi_(1-x)Fe_(x)O_(3)(x=0.00,0.10,0.25,0.50,0.75,1.00)*** reconstructed LaNi_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)shows a higher intrinsic activity than most reported NiFe-based ***,density functional theory calculations reveal that Fe substitution can lower the O 2p level,which thus stabilize lattice oxygen in LaNi0.9Fe0.1O3 and ensure its long-term ***,it is vital interesting that activity of the reconstructed catalysts relied more on the surface chemistry rather than the reconstruction *** effect of Fe on the degree of surface reconstruction of the perovskite is decoupled from that on its activity enhancement after surface *** finding showcases the importance to customize the surface chemistry of reconstructed catalysts for water oxidation.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Perovskite oxides Doping Activation and reconstruction

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Cu Intercalation-stabilized 1T’ MoS2 with Electrical Insulating Behavior

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Nong, Huiyu Tan, Junyang Sun, Yujie Zhang, Rongjie Gu, Yue Wei, Qiang Wang, Jingwei Zhang, Yunhao Wu, Qinke Zou, Xiaolong Liu, Bilu Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China

The intercalated two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted much attention for their designable structure and novel properties. Among this family, host materials with low symmetry such as 1T’ phase TMDCs are particularly interesting because of their potentials in inducing unconventional phenomena. However, such systems typically have low quality and poor stability, hindering further study in the structure-property relationship and applications. In this work, we intercalated Cu into 1T’ MoS2 with high crystallinity and high thermal stability up to ~300 °C. We identified the distribution and arrangement of Cu intercalators for the first time, and the results show that Cu occupy partial of the tetrahedral interstices aligned with Mo sites. The obtained Cu-1T’ MoS2 exhibits an insulating hopping transport behavior with a large temperature coefficient of resistance reaching -4 ~ -2 %·K-1. This work broadens the artificial intercalated structure library and promotes structure design and property modulation of layered materials. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Copper

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Exclusive Generation of Single-Atom Sulfur for Ultrahigh Quality Monolayer MoS2 Growth

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Yunhao Wang, Jingwei Chen, Yumo Wu, Xian Tan, Junyang Liu, Jiarong Nong, Huiyu He, Liqiong Wu, Qinke Zhou, Guangmin Zou, Xiaolong Liu, Bilu Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China

Preparation of high-quality two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) is the precondition for realizing their applications. However, the synthesized 2D TMDCs (e.g., MoS2) crystals suffer from low quality due to the massive defects formed during the growth. Here, we report the single-atom sulfur (S1) as a highly reactive sulfur species to grow ultrahigh-quality monolayer MoS2. Derived from battery waste, the sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) is found to be exclusive and efficient in releasing S1. The monolayer MoS2 prepared by SPAN exhibits an ultralow defect density of ~7×1012 cm−2 and the narrowest photoluminescence (PL) emission peak with full-width at half-maximum of ~47.11 meV at room temperature. Moreover, the statistical resonance Raman and low-temperature PL results further verify the significantly lower defect density and higher optical quality of SPAN-grown MoS2 than the conventional S-powder-grown samples. This work provides an effective approach for preparing ultrahigh-quality 2D single crystals, facilitating their industrial applications. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Single crystals

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