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Anisotropic fracture behavior and corresponding fracture process zone of laminated shale through three-point bending tests

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2025年第2期17卷 757-774页

作者： Peng Chu Heping Xie Jianjun Hu Minghui Li Li Ren Cunbao Li State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green EnergyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization College of Civil and Transportation EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Engineering Sciences and Green Energy Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Understanding the anisotropic fracture behavior and the characteristics of the fracture process zone(FPZ)under size effects in laminated rocks,as well as its role in rock fracturing,is crucial for various engineering *** this study,three-point bending tests were conducted on shale specimens with varying bedding angles and *** anisotropic characteristics and size effects of fracture parameters were revealed.A comparative analysis was performed on the evolutions of FPZs computed using size effect theory,digital image correlation(DIC),and linear elastic fracture *** results divulged that:(i)With increasing bedding angles,there is a noticeable decrease in apparent fracture toughness(KICA),apparent fracture energy(GICA),and nominal strength(σ_(Nu)).When the bedding angle of shale is less than 45°,the crack propagation and fracture parameters are mainly influenced by the ***,shale with bedding angles greater than 60°,the crack propagation and fracture parameters are mainly controlled by the *** the bedding angle is between 45°and 60°,the fracture propagation evolves from permeating the matrix to extending along the bedding;(ii)The fracture parameters exhibit significant size dependent behavior,as KICA and GICA rise with increasing specimen size,butσNu falls with increasing specimen *** fracture parameters align with the theoretical predictions of Bažant size effect law;and(iii)The lengths of DIC-based FPZ,effective FPZ,and inelastic zone follow W-shape variations with bedding *** dimensionless sizes of FPZ and inelastic zone decrease with specimen size,indicating a size ***,there is a negative relation between KICA and the dimensionless size of the FPZ,whileσNu is positively correlated to the dimensionless size of the *** highlights the essential role of the FPZ in the size effect of rock *** bedding angle exerts an influence on the FPZ,subsequently affecting the anisotropic fracture

关键词： Anisotropic Size effect Fracture process zone Fracture toughness Fracture energy

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Borehole reinforcement based on polymer materials induced by liquid-gas phase transition in simulating lunar coring

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2025年第3期35卷 383-398页

作者： Dingqiang Mo Tao Liu Zhiyu Zhao Liangyu Zhu Dongsheng Yang Yifan Wu Cheng Lan Wenchuan Jiang Heping Xie State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization College of Civil and Transportation EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Deep Engineering Science and Green Energy Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green EnergyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Lunar core samples are the key materials for accurately assessing and developing lunar ***,the difficulty of maintaining borehole stability in the lunar coring process limits the depth of lunar ***,a strategy of using a reinforcement fluid that undergoes a phase transition spontaneously in a vacuum environment to reinforce the borehole is *** on this strategy,a reinforcement liquid suitable for a wide temperature range and a high vacuum environment was developed.A feasibility study on reinforcing the borehole with the reinforcement liquid was carried out,and it is found that the cohesion of the simulated lunar soil can be increased from 2 to 800 kPa after using the reinforcement ***,a series of coring experiments are conducted using a selfdeveloped high vacuum(vacuum degree of 5 Pa)and low-temperature(between-30 and 50℃)simulation *** is confirmed that the high-boiling-point reinforcement liquid pre-placed in the drill pipe can be released spontaneously during the drilling process and finally complete the reinforcement of the *** reinforcement effect of the borehole is better when the solute concentration is between0.15 and 0.25 g/mL.

关键词： Lunar coring Reinforcement fluid Borehole reinforcement Drill bit cooling

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A novel permeability calculation model to simultaneously quantify the impacts of pore and fracture with full feature size

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2025年第4期35卷 609-618页

作者： Minghui Li Banghong Zhang Zhouqian Wu Shaochen Luo Jun Lu Dongming Zhang Heping Xie State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering College of Civil and Transportation EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green EnergyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The permeability of rocks is of utmost importance in the exploitation of deep geological *** characterizations of rock permeability typically consider the influence of either pores or fractures ***,deep reservoir rock formations are subjected to complex environments with coupling of high temperature and *** a result,deep reservoir rocks possess a complex structure comprising of pores and fractures,making it challenging to understand their impact on *** this relationship is vital for the secure and efficient exploitation of deep geological *** study presents a permeability calculation model that enables simultaneously quantify the impacts of pore and fracture with full feature *** model independently considers large-scale fractures’fractal properties and tortuosity while also addressing the distribution and size of small-scale pores.A tortuosity expression that incorporates the effects of thermal damage has been developed using the pore geometric elasticity *** the distinct contributions of pores and fractures to rock permeability,a comprehensive rock permeability calculation model is *** model has two main strengths:it thoroughly characterizes the influence of pore structures on permeability at multiple scales and precisely details how fractal attributes of fractures affect *** validate the applicability of the model,this study conducted seepage experiments and microscopic observations,capturing the variations in permeability under thermo-mechanical coupling,while quantifying the geometric characteristics and spatial distribution of pores and fractures within the *** comparing the measured permeability results,the theoretical values demonstrated a commendable *** comparison to previous models,this innovative approach more accurately captures various flow characteristics of the rock under the influence of thermo-mechanical coupling.

关键词： Hot dry rock Geothermal exploitation Permeability Fracture-pore microstructure

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Effect of water on dynamic mechanical properties of coal under different depth stress conditions

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Journal of Central South University 2025年第1期32卷 220-228页

作者： LI Sheng-wei GAO Ming-zhong LI Ye-xue WANG Jun ZENG Gang Hubei Key Laboratory of Vehicle-infrastructure Cooperation and Traffic Control School of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureHubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441053China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resources and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green EnergyCollege of Civil and Transportation EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Coal seam water injection in tunnels is an effective technical measure for preventing coal mine rock *** study used the improved split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)to apply three equal static stresses to water-saturated coal to simulate the initial stress environment of coal at different ***,dynamic mechanical experiments were conducted on the saturated coal at different depths to investigate the effects of water saturation and depth on the coal samples’dynamic mechanical *** uniaxial compression and without lateral compression,the strength of coal samples decreased to varying degrees in the saturated state;under different depth conditions,the dynamic strength of coal in the saturated state decreased compared with that in the natural ***,compared with that at 0 m,the reduction in the strength of coal under the saturated condition at 200,400,600,and 800 m was significantly *** findings of this study provide a basic theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of dynamic coal mine disasters.

关键词： coal mining depths water saturation SHPB dynamic compressive strength

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Evolutionary pattern and a calculation method of in situ gas pressure based on pressure-retaining coal cores

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Meitiandizhi Yu Kantan/Coal Geology and Exploration 2025年第4期53卷 18-29页

作者： Gao, Mingzhong Song, Jie Cui, Pengfei Li, Yongcheng Wang, Zhipeng Zhou, Xuemin Li, Ju Hao, Zongxin Hao, Haichun State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green Energy Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China College of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China China Construction First Group the Fifth Construction Co. Ltd. Beijing100024 China

[Objective and Methods] The in situ gas pressure of coal seams represents a crucial parameter for the safe production of coal mines and the assessment of coalbed methane (CBM) resources. To overcome current limitations in determining the in situ gas pressure, such as prolonged measurement cycles and the influence of multiple parameters on the measurement results, this study conducted isothermal adsorption and volumetric expansion desorption experiments on pressure-retaining coal cores with varying moisture contents using a self-constructed experimental system for gas pressure evolution in pressure-retaining coal cores. As a result, the evolutionary pattern of gas pressure in pressure-retaining coal cores was determined. Accordingly, following the theoretical calculation principle of in situ gas pressure in coal seams, formed by the in situ pressure- and gas-retaining coring process for deep coal seams, this study proposed a correction model for gas pressure calculation that considered moisture content and verified its reliability. [Results and Conclusions] The results indicate that: (1) Influenced by high gas pressure, the gas pressure within the pressure-preserved space more easily reaches a new equilibrium. During the isothermal adsorption process, the gas pressure exhibits a staged evolution characteristic, where the gas pressure in the pressure-preserved coal core first rapidly decreases to a certain value, then increases before gradually stabilizing. (2) Due to the pore characteristics of the coal sample being dominated by mesopores and having a large micropore volume, the higher the moisture content of coal leads to greater resistance to gas adsorption, resulting the longer the equilibrium time and the lower the adsorption pressure drop. (3) The gas pressure of the coal samples was calculated based on the expansion desorption experiments of pressure-preserved coal cores with different moisture contents. The average relative errors of the gas pressure calculati

关键词： Gas adsorption

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Innovative design, experiment and verification of undisturbed sampling technology for lunar superficial layer

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Acta Astronautica 2025年 234卷 352-367页

作者： He, Kunchen Gao, Mingzhong Yang, Bengao Hao, Haichun Zhang, Yang Li, Fei Yang, Zundong College of Water Resources & Hydropower Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green Energy Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

To obtain undisturbed samples of the lunar superficial layer, a new sampling method based on a pressure-rotation concept has been proposed. Through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and laboratory experiments, the influence mechanism of sampler structural parameters on sampling disturbance at various penetration speeds was discussed. Furthermore, the structural parameters were optimized through orthogonal test. The results show that during the sampling process, the lunar soil is subjected to friction ff and penetration pressure q. The displacement field near the corer is controlled by the ff, and the particle trajectory is linear, while the displacement field far from the corer is controlled by the q, and the trajectory is parabolic. Penetration velocity doesn't alter the influence mechanism and optimization of structural parameters. As the diameter increases, the range of the displacement field widens, and a smaller angle leads to less disturbance to sample particles. The optimized structural parameters are: diameter = 4 cm, angle = 30°. Finally, the coring experiment proves that the core recovery rate of the optimized pressure-rotary sampler is close to 100 %, which can well preserve the in-situ structural characteristics of the sample. This research can provide new ideas for undisturbed sampling in extraterrestrial galaxies. © 2025 IAA

关键词： Numerical models

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Resonance-mode-induced beating effect for THz wave generation and principal demonstration

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Optics and Lasers in engineering 2025年 192卷

作者： Tyagi, deepika Laxmi, Vijay Asrafali, Barkathulla Parveen, Abida Lin, Mi Wang, Qiong Tao, keyu Liu, Qiang Shen, Suling Ouyang, Zhengbiao THz Technology Laboratory Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Photonic Information Technology Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518000 China Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

We present a method of terahertz (THz) wave generation in the complete THz band that harnesses resonance modes within high-quality-factor photonic-crystal resonators. In the proposed method, the input infrared "single-frequency" wave and the resonance mode induced efficiently in the resonator generate a beat note of THz frequency, and the beat note is converted to an independent THz radiation wave with the help of an amplitude demodulator, which provides high power-conversion efficiency (PCE). The theoretical PCE is a 22.93 % half-wave-rectification amplitude demodulator without considering the insertion loss. Through simulations, we demonstrate the feasibility of our approach of inducing a resonance mode from a conventional "single-frequency" wave and using the induced resonance mode to beat with the input source wave with PCE of 24.03 % in agreement with the theoretical PCE value by half-wave-rectification demodulation. Such a high PCE can be obtained only at a certain frequency. The mechanism of the proposed method is further demonstrated experimentally in the microwave band. The proposed method is a general method that can be applied to frequency conversion of all kinds of waves, showcasing its potential across various applications in electronics, optics, acoustics, and beyond. We expect to overcome many future challenges in terahertz technology because of its high efficiency and miniaturization. Furthermore, our findings pave the way for efficient frequency manipulation with broad implications in signal processing, detection, and communication systems. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Terahertz waves

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Unraveling the Influence of Temperature on Charge Dynamics in Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

IEEE Electron Device Letters

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IEEE Electron Device Letters 2025年

作者： Ma, Jingrui Jia, Siqi Qu, Xiangwei Wang, Kai Jin, Lei Sun, Xiao Wei Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Deep Subwavelength Scale Photonics Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Quantum Dot Displays and Lighting Institute of Nanoscience and Applications MOE Key Laboratory Of Energy Conversion And Storage Technologies Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shenzhen518055 China Henan Academy of Sciences Institute of Advanced Displays Zhengzhou450046 China

The reliability and efficiency of quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) applications are strongly influenced by temperature, making it critical to understand how temperature affects charge dynamics and degradation mechanisms. In this work, we investigate the temperature dependence of key device parameters in QLEDs across a temperature range of -20°C to 85°C. For every 10°C increase, the external quantum efficiency decreases by ~0.65%, and the electroluminescence emission wavelength exhibits a red-shift of ~1.1 nm. Our results demonstrate that the decline in efficiency and stability at elevated temperatures is mainly attributed to the accumulation of excess electrons and the inhibition of exciton recombination. This study provides valuable insights into the degradation mechanisms, deepening our understanding of temperaturedriven performance deterioration, which is crucial for the design of more durable and efficient QLEDs. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Excitons

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Optimized thermoelectric generation for efficient low-medium temperature geothermal energy harvesting

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Renewable energy 2025年 239卷

作者： Khan, Zafar Hayat Xie, Heping Sun, Licheng Yang, Wei Khan, Waqar A. Li, Bixiong Long, Xiting Wang, Jun Li, Cunbao Gao, Mingzhong Ruan, He Center for Applied Mathematics of Guangxi Nanning Normal University Nanning530100 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Nanning Normal University Nanning530100 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization Institute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green Energy College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource & Hydropower Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University Al Khobar31952 Saudi Arabia Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering for Ministry of Education Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China

This paper aims to design and evaluate a thermoelectric generation system optimized for low-to-medium temperature geothermal energy, focusing on maximizing power output and system efficiency. A one-dimensional mathematical model based on energy balance is employed for a single thermoelectric element and subsequently scaled to a 600 thermoelectric generators (TEGs) module. The Peltier, Fourier, and Joule heating effects are included in the analysis, whereas the radiation and convection effects are neglected. The impact of various 2D and 3D layouts of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) and temperature variations on power generation and performance is examined. An experiment is performed to observe the power capacity of a module consisting of five thermoelectric generators. These experimental observations validate the analytical model, and reference properties are adopted to predict more complex modules. This work aims to simulate the optimal design of a TEG module, utilizing the temperature difference to generate 1 kW of power. For this purpose, a module comprising of 600 TEGs is analyzed in various layouts. Based on experimental results for the temperature difference ΔT=96.4Co, it is proposed that a compact module consisting of 600 TEGs with a 3D design of 10 × 12 × 5 will be suitable and cost-effective to generate 1 kW power. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Geothermal Modeling Optimization Thermoelectric generator

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Carbon Dots Induced Supramolecular Gel Polymer Electrolyte for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries

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Advanced energy Materials 2025年

作者： Liu, Xingang Sun, Lidong Zhai, Fei Wu, Tao Wang, Peng Du, Hongyan Xu, Yanbin Wang, Xiaolong Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering Yantai264006 China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Ludong University Yantai264025 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials Service Safety Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518071 China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou730000 China School of Transportation Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan250101 China

The low ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes at room temperature, coupled with challenges associated with lithium dendrite formation, has impeded their practical applications. To mitigate these issues, this study employs a supramolecular strategy that utilizes the quantum size effect of carbon dots and the physical cross-linking of their abundant surface functional groups to enhance the electrochemical properties of polymer electrolytes. The carbon dot-assembled physical cross-linked gel polymer electrolytes (CDPE) establish a hydrogen-bonding physical cross-linking network between the carbon dots and the polymer molecular chains, the crystalline phase is suppressed, a diverse and efficient ionic transport pathway is created within the electrolyte. This significantly improves its ionic conductivity up to 3.20 mS cm−1 at 30 °C. Additionally, the interaction between carbon dots and fluoroethylene carbonate facilitates the formation of a multiphase solid-electrolyte interphase, effectively suppressing the growth of lithium dendrites and markedly improving the long-term stability of lithium metal batteries. The Li||LiFePO4 battery with CDPE demonstrates 92% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at a rate of 2.0 C, revealing superior overall cycling performance compared to covalent cross-linked systems. The carbon-dot-based physical cross-linking strategy proposed in this study paves the way for innovative design and industrial applications of high-performance composite polymer electrolytes. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Hydrogen bonds

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