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SSRN 2024年

作者： Cao, Ke-Fan Chen, Zhuo Wei, En-Jing Huang, Bang-Hao Gao, Yu-Jia Wu, Yin-Hu Hu, Hong-Ying Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies Beijing100084 China Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China Tsinghua Jiangsu Suzhou215163 China

Ultraviolet (UV) is widely used for wastewater and reclaimed water disinfection due to its high efficiency. However, some bacteria exhibit strong resistance to UV disinfection (referred to as UV resistant bacteria, or URB), which can survive after disinfection and pose various risks. In this study, two bacterial strains with strong UV resistance (Deinococcus soli and Sphingomonas panni) were isolated from reclaimed water. Neither single UV disinfection nor single chlorine disinfection can effectively inactivate these URB strains. To effectively control URB, the combined disinfection of UV and chlorine was investigated, and the results showed a significant improvement in inactivation efficiency with synergistic effects. Further analysis using total antioxidant capacity tests, qPCR detection, and SYTO9/PI staining techniques revealed that the main mechanism behind the synergistic effects was the enhanced damage to intracellular content and DNA. Finally, through cost analysis and disinfection tests with actual reclaimed water, the performance of the combined disinfection method was comprehensively evaluated. The results demonstrate combined disinfection has lower costs, higher inactivation rates, and less selectivity. This study can provide a reliable method for controlling the risks caused by URB in water. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost benefit analysis

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Ionic-Liquid-Assisted Synthesis of N, F, and P Codoped Fenc/Hss on Hollow Carbon Nanospheres for Li–S Batteries

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Guanglei Zhu, Zhenye Chen, Shengmin Yue, Yapeng Li, Gefeng Zhou, Liang Zhu, Rongshu Yan, Zhenghong School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen518055 China

The severe shuttle effect and slow redox kinetics of polysulfides are major obstacles to the practical application of lithium sulfur batteries. In this study, we proposed a method for synthesizing hollow carbon nanospheres supported by iron single-atom catalysts using [HMIM] PF6 ionic liquid (IL) as a promoter. Metal single atoms are embedded in carbon nanospheres to mitigateshuttle effects and enhance the bidirectional redox kinetics of sulfur. The incorporation of iron sites is beneficial for the reduction reaction of polysulfides, and the addition of ionic liquids not only increases the porosity of the catalyst but also enhances the loading of iron atoms. The sulfur cathode with metal single atom pairs exhibited an ultra-high capacity retention rate of 94% after 150 cycles at 0.2C. Even under a high sulfur load of 6.58 mg cm-2 and a current density of 0.2 C, an ideal areal capacity of 4.64 mAh cm-2 can still be maintained. Impressively, the assembled button cell battery achieved a high discharge capacity of 1451 mAh g-1 and maintained 867.9 mAh g-1 after 150 cycles at 0.2 C. This work provides new insights into designing loaded single-atom catalysts for application in lithium sulfur batteries. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium sulfur batteries

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Evaluating Global Progress Towards Sustainable Development Goal 7 Over Space and Time by a More Comprehensive Energy Sustainability Index

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhao, Qi Lu, Xi Fleming, Rachael Marie School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Quantifying progress towards achieving the 7th Sustainable Development Goal (SDG7) is essential for tracking global efforts on sustainable energy transition as well as guiding policy development. However, there is a lack of comprehensive assessment frameworks with consideration of temporal-and-regional dynamics. Targeting this research gap, we developed an Energy Sustainability Index (ESI) with 5 dimensions and 12 indicators to measure the progress of SDG7 in 140 countries around the world from 2011 to 2020, with a particular emphasis on its geographical inequality. Results show that while the global average ESI score has increased by 6.7% from 2011 to 2020, this growth was largely dependent on the rapid development of a few emerging economies, with the growth rate in the rest of the world still lagging behind. In addition, most of the regions have failed to balance development across the 5 dimensions of the ESI, causing a regression in some dimensions, notably energy reliability. Analysis of inter-population inequality shows that although global inequality in energy development declined by 14.3% in the period of 2011-2020, the extreme low scores of the Least-Developed Countries (LDCs) remained virtually unchanged, implying that energy development in LDCs needs more attention. This study provides a new paradigm for further exploration in the spatial and temporal characteristics of energy sustainability and highlights the urgency of promoting SDG7 globally in a holistic and synergistic approach. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sustainable development

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The missing base molecules in atmospheric acid-base nucleation

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National Science Review 2022年第10期9卷 196-208页

作者： Runlong Cai Rujing Yin Chao Yan Dongsen Yang Chenjuan Deng Lubna Dada Juha Kangasluoma Jenni Kontkanen Roope Halonen Yan Ma Xiuhui Zhang Pauli Paasonen Tuukka Pet?j? Veli-Matti Kerminen Yongchun Liu Federico Bianchi Jun Zheng Lin Wang Jiming Hao James N.Smith Neil M. Donahue Markku Kulmala Douglas R.Worsnop Jingkun Jiang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics School of Science Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Chemistry Department University of California Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies Carnegie Mellon University Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Aerodyne Research Inc.

Transformation of low-volatility gaseous precursors to new particles affects aerosol number concentration,cloud formation and hence the *** clustering of acid and base molecules is a major mechanism driving fast nucleation and initial growth of new particles in the ***,the acid-base cluster composition,measured using state-of-the-art mass spectrometers,cannot explain the measured high formation rate of new *** we present strong evidence for the existence of base molecules such as amines in the smallest atmospheric sulfuric acid clusters prior to their detection by mass *** demonstrate that forming（H2SO4）1（amine）1is the rate-limiting step in atmospheric H2SO4-amine nucleation and the uptake of（H2SO4）1（amine）1is a major pathway for the initial growth of *** proposed mechanism is very consistent with measured new particle formation in urban Beijing,in which dimethylamine is the key base for H2SO4nucleation while other bases such as ammonia may contribute to the growth of larger *** findings further underline the fact that strong amines,even at low concentrations and when undetected in the smallest clusters,can be crucial to particle formation in the planetary boundary layer.

关键词： new particle formation acid-base nucleation aerosol polluted urban environment

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Planning Water-Food-Energy Nexus System Towards Sustainable Development Under Uncertainty 6th

Planning Water-Food-Energy Nexus System Towards Sustainable ...

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6th Asia Conference on environment and Sustainable Development, ACESD 2021

作者： Zhang, Y.F. Li, Y.P. Huang, G.H. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Institute for Energy Environment and Sustainable Communities University of Regina ReginaSKS4S 7H9 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9789811917035

In this study, a copula-based stochastic fractional programming (CSFP) method is developed for planning water-food-energy nexus (WFEN) system. CSFP method can deal with bi-objective optimization problems and address correlated uncertainties within nexus system. Then, a CSFP-WFEN model is proposed and applied to an arid region, where 16 scenarios with different joint probabilities associated with various water availabilities, land resources and available electricity are analysed. Major findings are: (i) water allocation for Uzbekistan should be primarily constrained for alleviating water shortage risk over time;(ii) scheme of agricultural production should consider ramping up cash crop and shrinking livestock farming for adapting limited resources and enhancing the marginal benefit;(iii) from 2021 to 2035, hydropower generation would increase by 10.3% and thermal power would decrease by 3.5%, which implies that electricity generation patterns should change towards renewable energy in the future;(iv) correlated uncertainties (corresponding to the joint probability risk) have a significant influence on marginal benefit and water allocation patterns, decision makers should adjust strategies towards sustainable development according to risk attitude and local resources conditions under uncertainty. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Planning

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Fe/Fe3c@C Nanofibers as Microwave-Induced Catalyst: Tuning Microstructure to Boost ROS Generation for Reinforcement of Chlorotetracycline Degradation

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Jianfei Liu, Chunlei Zhang, Wei Chang, Jing Bi, Yanmeng Wang, Shaopo Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin300384 China Beijing100085 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Degradation of antibiotics suffers from a long treatment cycles or leakage of toxic byproducts. Microwave-induced catalysis holds promise in addressing efficient and secure degradation of antibiotics. Traditional view holds that the ROS yield in this process heavily relies on the microwave absorption of microwave-induced catalysts. Herein, we propose a strategy for adjusting the microstructures of catalyst to achieve variable microwave absorption, which enables rapid generation of ROS without requiring high microwave absorption capacity. This strategy controls the annealing time (S-3h) of Fe/Fe3C@C nanofibers, a favorable microwave-induced catalyst, exhibit a high removal rate (87.3%) of chlorotetracycline at low microwave power of 300 W, which is 1.13 (S-2h) and 1.61 (S-1h) times higher than the control group. The non-linear relationship between ROS production and microwave absorption capacity in Fe/Fe3C@C was observed, which overturns traditional understanding. Further analysis involving ROS quenching, ESR, LC-MS analysis revealed that this is due to a transition from oxygen-centered persistent free radical (PFRs) to carbon-centered PFRs, which could mediate the generation of •OH and •O2− from oxygen-containing groups. This study offers a novel perspective on the rational design of microwave-induced catalysts for the efficient and secure degradation of antibiotics. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanofibers

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Highly efficient visible-light driven dye degradation via 0D BiVO4 nanoparticles/2D BiOCl nanosheets p-n heterojunctions

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Chemosphere 2024年 354卷 141658页

作者： Yi, Lian Jiang, Hongyi Ma, Yueyong Zhu, Rongshu Zhang, Guan Ren, Zhaoyong State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen518055 China Institute of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen518055 China International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen518055 China

The construction of hybrid heterojunction photocatalysts is an effective strategy to improve the utilization of photogenerated carriers and photocatalytic activity. To enhance the separation distance of photogenerated carriers and accelerate the effective separation at the heterojunction of the interface, a unique 0D-2D hierarchical nanostructured p-n heterojunction was successfully fabricated in this work. BiOCl (BOC) nanosheets (p-type) were in situ grown on BiVO4 (BVO) nanoparticles (n-type) using the microemulsion-calcination method for highly efficient visible-light-driven organic dye degradation. Compared with pure BVO (the degradation rate of rhodamine B (RhB): about 32.0% in 55 min, the mineralization rate: 24.9% in 120 min), the RhB degradation rate can reach about 99.5% in 55 min and the mineralization rate of 62.1% in 120 min by utilizing BVO/25%BOC heterojunction photocatalyst under visible light irradiation. Various characterizations demonstrate that the formation of BVO/BOC p-n heterojunction greatly facilitates photogenerated carriers separation efficiency. Meanwhile, the results of the scavenging experiments and electron spin resonance tests indicate that ·O2− and h+ are the prominent active species for Rh B degradation. In addition, possible degradation pathways for Rh B were proposed using LC-MS tests. This work proves that building low dimensional p-n heterojunction photocatalysts is a promising strategy for developing photocatalysts with high efficiency. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Chlorine compounds

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Direct visualisation of metal-defect cooperative catalysis in Ru-doped defective MOF-808

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Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2024年第30期12卷 19018-19028页

作者： Xu, Chirui Orbell, William Wang, Guilian Li, Boye Ng, Bryan K. Y. Wu, Tai-Sing Soo, Yun-Liang Luan, Zhao-Xue Tang, Kangjian Wu, Xin-Ping Tsang, S. C. Edman Zhao, Pu Innovation Center for Chemical Science College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou215123 China Department of Chemistry University of Oxford OxfordOX1 3QR United Kingdom State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu30076 Taiwan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsin-chu30013 Taiwan State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis Centre for Computational Chemistry Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China

Improving the efficiency of catalytic materials is vital to the chemical and energy industries. Constructing neighbouring active sites in metal-organic framework (MOF) materials for cooperative catalysis is a promising way to achieve the above goal. However, it is difficult to fine-tune active sites at the atomic level due to the challenge of visualising their local structures and their interaction with substrates. In this article, we report the direct visualisation of metal and defect active sites and binding of the phenol substrate in Ru-doped defective MOF-808. X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray pair distribution function analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy reveal that the enhanced selective hydrogenation originates from the specific adsorption geometry of phenol over 7-centred Ru clusters and hydroxyl or water of defect sites. This mechanism also well explains the high catalytic activity in CO2 reduction. This work represents the first example of structural elucidation of metal-defect cooperative catalysis in MOFs and will lead to the rational design of new superactive MOF catalysts. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Substrates

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High-density sampling reveals the occurrence, levels and transport flux of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives (PAHs-d) along the Yangtze River

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Science of the Total environment 2025年 958卷 177907页

作者： Xie, Yu Guo, Jiaxun Fan, Qinya Huang, Shier Qi, Weixiao Cao, Xiaofeng Peng, Jianfeng Chen, Yufeng Chen, Min Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center China Three Gorges Corporation Beijing100084 China School of Environment and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives (PAHs-d) have higher toxicity levels compared to its parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAHs). Their partitioning in different media and large-scale transport patterns in rivers remain largely unknown. This study investigated the occurrence of 15 PAHs-d and 19 PPAHs in water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) of the Yangtze River between 2019 and 2020. The range of Σ15PAHs-d concentrations was 20.54 to 2010.03 ng·L−1 in water and 0.62 to 29.80 μg·g−1 in SPM. The primary PAHs-d components were 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, and anthraquinone. The range of Σ19PPAHs concentrations in water and SPM was 34.89 to 739.53 ng·L−1 and 0.37 to 204.62 μg·g−1, respectively. And low-ring PAHs-d and PPAHs were more prevalent in water than SPM. Partitioning behaviors indicated that PAHs-d and PPAHs were more readily partitioned into water and SPM during normal and dry periods, respectively. The concentrations of PAHs-d saw significant changes in their spatial distribution, which rose in water and reduced in SPM in downstream of the Three Gorges Dam. This is due to the dam's blocking effect on sediment transport. Positive matrix factorization source analysis revealed biomass combustion upstream and vehicle emissions downstream as primary sources, shaped by the evolving energy consumption patterns of urban areas situated around the Yangtze River. The annual fluxes of PAHs-d in water and SPM of the Yangtze River were 90.40 t·yr−1 and 11.95 t·yr−1, representing 88.3 % and 11.7 % of the overall PAHs-d fluxes, respectively. The total fluxes of PAHs-d and PPAHs in water and SPM tended to increase spatially along the river, with growth rates exceeding 76 and 24 times, respectively. Interception within the Three Gorges Reservoir area has resulted in the differences in the concentration and transport distribution of PAHs-d and PPAHs upstream and downstream, which play important roles in reducing PAHs-d and PPAHs entry int

关键词： Matrix factorization

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An Integrated Bi-level Optimization Model for Planning Water-Food-Energy Nexus System Under Uncertainty 6th

An Integrated Bi-level Optimization Model for Planning Water...

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6th Asia Conference on environment and Sustainable Development, ACESD 2021

作者： Ma, Y. Li, Y.P. Huang, G.H. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Institute for Energy Environment and Sustainable Communities University of Regina ReginaSKS4S 7H9 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9789811917035

In this study, a fuzzy bi-level programming (FBP) method is developed for planning water-food-energy (WFE) nexus system. FBP can tackle fuzzy uncertainty expressed as flexible variable and balance the conflict existed in different decision levels. Then, an FBP-WFE model is formulated for Amu Darya River Basin (ARB), in which two-level stakeholders are involved. The upper-level decision maker aims to maximize system benefit, and the lower-level decision maker aims to maximize food production. Three countries, fourteen states, fifteen water users and six planning periods (2021–2050) are also involved in the developed model. Major findings are (i) agricultural sector is the largest water user in ARB (accounting for 78.2%), implying that improving irrigation efficiency and reducing agricultural water allocation are crucial for alleviating water scarcity problem;(ii) there is competition for water resources between electricity generation and food production, with the increasing electricity demand level, the food production would decrease by 2.6‰. The obtained results can provide policy supports for decision makers to alleviate water shortage, ensure food security and energy supply security. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Decision making

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