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Existence of Hydroxymethanesulfonate (Hms) During Spring Haze and Sandstorm Events in Beijing: Implications for a Heterogeneous Formation Pathway on Mineral Aerosols

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Xu, Yunzhi Ma, Tao Duan, Fengkui Wang, Shuxiao Jiang, Jingkun Cheng, Yafang Su, Hang An, Taicheng Ma, Yongliang Kimoto, Takashi Huang, Tao He, Kebin State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Minerva Research Group Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz55128 Germany Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China Kimoto Electric Co. Ltd. 3-1 Funahashi-Cho Tennouji-Ku Osaka543-0024 Japan

Hydroxymethylsulfonate (HMS) is an abundant secondary organic aerosol from aqueous/heterogeneous processes and may be misidentified as sulfate in conventional measurements. High concentrations of HMS have been observed in humid winter and autumn haze in northern China, while its prevalence in other seasons is unclear and the production medium is controversial. In this study, our field measurements in Beijing during the 2021 spring first showed the presence of HMS in PM2.5 during both haze and sandstorm events despite the different atmospheric conditions. HMS accounted for 0.44% of PM2.5 during haze periods, higher than the proportion (0.097%) during sandstorms. The sum of HMS and sulfate was also higher during the haze (6.5 μg m−3) than during the sandstorm (2.6 μg m−3), while the HMS/sulfate molar ratio during the haze (0.021) was similar to the value during the sandstorm (0.019). HMS concentration showed a good positive correlation with aerosol water content (AWC), indicating heterogeneous production. During haze periods, relatively high AWC favored the formation of HMS. In contrast, relative humidity and AWC decreased significantly during sandstorm events, while high pH favored HMS formation. In addition, higher concentrations and proportions of HMS were observed in PM2.5−10 than in PM2.5. The presence of HMS in dust particles indicated a heterogeneous formation mechanism of HMS on mineral aerosols. Our findings broaden the prevalence of HMS in aerosols and indicate a new HMS formation mechanism from the perspective of observation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aerosols

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Modulating Hierarchical Zsm-5 Crystals from Etching-Assisted Growth with Substituted Phenols

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Chen, Yanpeng Dong, Lei Li, Simeng Gao, Jinqiang Liu, Xinhe Yuan, Haifeng Zhu, Rongshu Hong, Mei Yang, Shihe State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen518055 China

The rational modulation of zeolite microstructures tailoring crystal morphology and hierarchy is an effective way to promote mass transport and catalytic performance. We recently demonstrated a novel etching-assisted crystallization process that allows fine control over zeolite architecture by eliminating intermediate defective nanocrystals with active proton-bearing organic molecules such as phenol. We investigated in detail the phenolic etching effect on the crystallization of ZSM-5 zeolites to systematically elucidate the structure modulation with a homologous series of phenolic compounds. Time-series characterizations confirmed the initial seed formation, intermediate dissolution, and final perfected crystallization stages during ZSM-5 synthesis in the presence of phenolic compounds. Since deprotonation to phenolate anion in-situ is required during alkaline zeolite synthesis, the electron-withdrawing (EW) groups on the phenol para -position lead to bigger ZSM-5 crystals with more mesopores, while the phenolic molecules with para - electron-donating (ED) group exhibit less significant effect. Under the same initial pH, the phenolic compounds show unparalleled compatibility with zeolite crystallization by stabilizing the system pH values, whereas inorganic acids invariably fail the zeolite crystallization. Given the remarkable kinetic control over zeolite growth through the simultaneous but opposite nucleophilic etching process, our observation provides a versatile way to manipulate zeolite crystallization with high tunability. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Etching

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Assessment of Atmospheric Heavy Metal pollution in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Using Mosses as Indicator

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lv, Dongwei Liu, Yixuan Ren, Liang Huo, Jiaxuan Zhao, Jin Lu, Ruijie Huang, Yongmei Duan, Lei State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China

To investigate potential atmospheric heavy metal pollution in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) of China, mosses together with other higher plants and soil were collected from 33 sites in the summer of 2020 and 2021 for zinc, cadmium, lead, and copper content measurement. The Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu contents of mosses were in the range of 6.07~69.9, 5.36~23.9, 0.60~1.05, and 14.4~50.5 mg·kg-1, respectively, significantly higher than those in other higher plants except Zn. The spatial distribution of relative contents (RCs;moss to top soil) of heavy metals varied considerably, demonstrating obvious spatial differences between the northern and southern QTP in air pollution levels for Zn and Cu. It was first reported that moderate regional atmospheric Cu pollution (even worse in southern QTP) had happened mainly due to large-scale mining in recent years. Pb also presented slight pollution as the result of anthropogenic activities. Cd showed almost no atmospheric pollution, while Zn contents were relatively high in Yarlung Zangbo River Valley of southern QTP. Compared with other regions in the world, although far less serious than that of Chinese inland or coastal cities, the atmospheric pollution of Pb and Cu in QTP indicated by mosses was far more serious than that of global background areas, or even worse than most of European cities. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spatial distribution

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Application of smog chambers in atmospheric process studies

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National Science Review 2022年第2期9卷 126-141页

作者： Biwu Chu Tianzeng Chen Yongchun Liu Qingxin Ma Yujing Mu Yonghong Wang Jinzhu Ma Peng Zhang Jun Liu Chunshan Liu Huaqiao Gui Renzhi Hu Bo Hu Xinming Wang Yuesi Wang Jianguo Liu Pinhua Xie Jianmin Chen Qian Liu Jingkun Jiang Junhua Li Kebin He Wenqing Liu Guibin Jiang Jiming Hao Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing Convenient Environmental Tech Co.Ltd Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institutes of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University

Smog chamber experimental systems,which have been widely used in laboratory simulation for studying atmospheric processes,are comprehensively reviewed in this *** components,development history,main research topics and main achievements of smog chambers are *** smog chambers in the world,including their volumes,wall materials,light sources and features,are summarized and *** factors of smog chambers and their influences on the simulation of the atmospheric environment are discussed,including wall loss,wall emission and background *** features of next-generation smog chambers and their application prospect in future studies of the atmospheric environment are also outlined in this paper.

关键词： smog chamber simulation wall effect secondary aerosol ozone

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Sustainable Cu2(OH)2CO3/g-C3N4/cellulose acetate-derived porous composite membrane for Congo red and tetracycline removal with photocatalytic self-cleaning properties under natural solar irradiation

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Sustainable Horizons 2023年 5卷

作者： Kong, Lingchao Wang, Qinyu Wang, Yi Yan, Qinlin Qiu, Wenhui Zheng, Chunmiao State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China School of Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China EIT Institute for Advanced Study Zhejiang Ningbo315200 China

A highly efficient and sustainable Cu/CN@CA composite membrane was synthesized for the removal of typical dyes and antibiotics by incorporating a Cu2(OH)2CO3/g-C3N4 heterojunction (Cu/CN) onto a cellulose acetate (CA) membrane. The 0.2Cu/CN@CA membrane with optimized Cu/CN doping achieved superior Congo red (CR) and tetracycline (TC) adsorption capacities of 250.8 and 48.43 mg/g, respectively. Notably, the exhausted 0.2Cu/CN@CA after adsorption saturation could be effectively self-cleaned under natural solar irradiation. Consecutive adsorption-photocatalytic experiments revealed its fine stability and recyclability. Mechanistic exploration based on experimental analysis and DFT (Density Function Theory) calculations revealed that cellulose acetate accommodates the charge transfer interactions between g-C3N4 and Cu2(OH)2CO3, wherein many photogenerated electrons were generated and migrated from g-C3N4 to Cu2(OH)2CO3. This type II heterojunction transfer pathway induced the strong oxidizability of the 0.2Cu/CN@CA membrane with plenty of active species for the photocatalytic degradation of the adsorbed CR and TC contaminants under solar light irritation. This study provided a novel sustainable membrane-based adsorbent for the enhanced dye and antibiotic contaminant remediation of aquatic environments. © 2023

关键词： Adsorption

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Emerging strategies of anti-scaling cathodes for direct saline water electrolysis

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Separation and Purification Technology 2025年 374卷

作者： Xia, Fan Wu, Shuai Wang, Weilong Luo, Jiayi Zhao, Yuchen Sheng, Hongyi Zhao, Kun Li, Hongli Yu, Hongtao School of Environmental Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China Center for Water and Ecology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China Petrochina Lanzhou Petrochemical Company Lanzhou730060 China

Direct saline water electrolysis has potential applications in industrial wastewater treatment, circulating cooling water softening, hydrogen evolution from seawater, lithium extraction from salt lakes, and so on. However, direct electrolysis is getting into trouble with cathodic scaling. This review focuses on recent advancements of anti-scaling methods and their working mechanisms, such as isolating Ca2+ and Mg2+ from cathodes, confining OH− to cathodic Lewis-acid sites or repelling OH− away from cathodes, intensifying homogeneous nucleation of CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 in solution, making automatic detachment of scale crystals from cathodes feasible. This review provides a comprehensive summary for how to endow cathodes anti-scaling function, which is expected to promote the practical application of direct saline water electrolysis. © 2025

关键词： Brines

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Kinetic study of ultrasonic-assisted vanadium(V) adsorption by supported bifunctionalizedized ionic liquid

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2025年第3期35卷 1000-1016页

作者： Jia-hao ZHOU Shen-xu BAO Yi-min ZHANG Bo CHEN Yu LIANG Xiao-chuan HOU Si-yuan YANG Yang PING Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources Ministry of EducationWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment Wuhan 430070China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Zhejiang New Era Zhongneng Recycling Technology Co. Ltd.Shaoxing 312000China Powerchina Eco-environmental Group Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518102China

The adsorption kinetics of polystyrene[1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium][bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate](PS[C_(4)mim][C272])towards V(V)in acidic leachate was explored under *** effects of ultrasonic power and V(V)concentration on the adsorption performance of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]were *** results showed that ultrasonic radiation significantly shortened the adsorption equilibrium time and improved the adsorption performance of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]compared with the conventional *** an ultrasonic power of 200 W,the equilibrium adsorption capacity of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]reached its maximum of 311.58 mg/*** kinetic model fitting results showed that the adsorption process of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]strictly followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model under *** using the shrinking core model and the Weber−Morris model showed that the adsorption process of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]was primarily controlled by intra-particle diffusion *** adsorption isotherm model study showed that the Langmuir isotherm model could effectively fit the adsorption process of PS[C_(4)mim][C272]under ultrasound.

关键词： kinetics ultrasound vanadium polystyrene[1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium][bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-phosphinate] conventional oscillation adsorption

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The feasibility of aerobic granular sludge formation without inoculated sludge 3

The feasibility of aerobic granular sludge formation without...

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2021 3rd International Conference on Polymer Synthesis and Application, ICPSA 2021

作者： Song, Tao Li, Ji Zhang, Xiaolei Shao, Peibing School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen Huichuangyuan Environment Protection Technology Co. Ltd. China

In this study, the feasibility of aerobic granular sludge formation without inoculated sludge was detected. After 10 days operation, AGSs were discovered in reactor and the MLSS and settling ability of AGS enhanced gradually. After 21 days operation, the effluent NH4+-N and COD keep low than 10 and 100 mg/L, respectively. During the formation of AGS, the content of EPS gradually increased and remained stable. Microbial community showed that EPS secretion genera (such as Paracoccus, Flavobacterium and Thauera) were main genera in AGS. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Granular materials

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Tuning Capacitive Deionization Mechanisms by Changing Electrodes’ Properties and Charging Profile in a Multiscale simulation Study

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Saffarimiandoab, Farzin Tang, Tianhao Fu, Wanyi Zhang, Xihui Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

The rational design of capacitive deionization (CDI) processes necessitates unveiling the ion storage behavior. However, the interplay between porous structure and operational features on the ion dynamics makes it practically a challenging task. Herein a two-step approach is taken first to implement nano/mesoscale molecular dynamic and finite-element-based simulations encompassing pore structure, size, and wettability. Second, to design a CDI process based on the unveiled mechanisms. In the first step, the inter-features’ counter-balancing or synergistically boosting impacts is shown. The surface curvature renders ionophobicity to the pores in the absence of electric potential. In addition, the impacts of the surface properties and pore width are shown to be in synergy at narrower pores. Hence the narrower hydrophilic pores with surface curvatures excel in desalination by showing an ionophobicity before charging and ionophilicity during charging. The wettability of the wider pores fails to enhance desalination due to co-ion repulsion. A rarely reported ion dynamic, namely ion couple intake, mainly in ionophobic structures is uncovered. The proposed pulsed CDI process enhances the desalination of hydrophilic slit-pore by making co-ions’ repulsion sluggish. Besides, the mesoscale finite-element-based analysis shows that the deionization efficiency has a positive correlation with mesopore size while negative with grain size. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy harvesting

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A Comparison of Incentive Policies for the Optimal Layout of CCUS Clusters in China’s Coal-Fired Power Plants Toward Carbon Neutrality

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Engineering 2021年第12期7卷 1692-1695页

作者： Wenhui Chen Xi Lu Yalin Lei Jian-Feng Chen School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

*** China has announced that it will adopt forceful policies and measures and strive to achieve peak carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060—aims that are largely consistent with the goal to limit warming to 1.5C[1].Achieving this target requires the deep decarbonization of China’s entire economy,with a particular focus on coal-fired power plants(CFPPs).

关键词： Optimal CCUS dioxide

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