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30th International Conference on Web Services, ICWS 2023

作者： Li, Jinpeng Zhao, Jiale Chen, Peng Xia, Yunni Li, Fan Li, Yin Zeng, Feng Liu, Hui School of Computer Chongqing University Chongqing400030 China School of Computer and Software Engineering Xihua University Chengdu610039 China Key Laboratory of Fundamental Synthetic Vision Graphics and Image Science for National Defense Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Guangzhou Institute of Software Application Technology Guangzhou510990 China Limited Shenzhen518129 China School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100083 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031448355

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is a newly emerging concept that provides significant local computing power and reduces end-to-end latency. In MEC environments, caching frequently accessed services on edge servers effectively reduces latency and improves system responsiveness. An ongoing research topic in such a cachable MEC context is to design novel algorithms for yielding high-quality caching decision that guarantee high user-perceived quality-of-service (QoS) and high system responsiveness of delivery of cached content with the difference of caching capacities of edge servers and diversified content popularity appropriately addressed. In this article, we propose a multi-armed bandits learning-based method busing a Thompson sampling for generating caching decisions. We introduce a genetic multi-armed bandits algorithm (GMAB), which synthesizes the genetic algorithm (GA) and multi-armed bandits (MAB), for optimizing caching effectiveness with timing and space constraints. The experiment results show that GMAB outperforms traditional methods in terms of multiple aspects. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Conditional sequential modulation for efficient global image retouching

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： He, Jingwen Liu, Yihao Qiao, Yu Dong, Chao ShenZhen Key Lab of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition SIAT-SenseTime Joint Lab Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China SIAT Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence Robotics for Society Korea Republic of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Photo retouching aims at enhancing the aesthetic visual quality of images that suffer from photographic defects such as over/under exposure, poor contrast, inharmonious saturation. Practically, photo retouching can be accomplished by a series of image processing operations. In this paper, we investigate some commonly-used retouching operations and mathematically find that these pixel-independent operations can be approximated or formulated by multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs). Based on this analysis, we propose an extremely light-weight framework - Conditional Sequential Retouching Network (CSRNet) - for efficient global image retouching. CSRNet consists of a base network and a condition network. The base network acts like an MLP that processes each pixel independently and the condition network extracts the global features of the input image to generate a condition vector. To realize retouching operations, we modulate the intermediate features using Global Feature Modulation (GFM), of which the parameters are transformed by condition vector. Benefiting from the utilization of 1×1 convolution, CSRNet only contains less than 37k trainable parameters, which is orders of magnitude smaller than existing learning-based methods. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on the benchmark MIT-Adobe FiveK dataset quantitively and qualitatively. Code is available at https://***/hejingwenhejingwen/CSRNet. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pixels

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Depth-attentional Features for Single-image Rain Removal

Depth-attentional Features for Single-image Rain Removal

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IEEE/CVF Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition

作者： Xiaowei Hu Chi-Wing Fu Lei Zhu Pheng-Ann Heng Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and Virtual Reality Technology Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132945

Rain is a common weather phenomenon, where object visibility varies with depth from the camera and objects faraway are visually blocked more by fog than by rain streaks. Existing methods and datasets for rain removal, however, ignore these physical properties, thereby limiting the rain removal efficiency on real photos. In this work, we first analyze the visual effects of rain subject to scene depth and formulate a rain imaging model collectively with rain streaks and fog;by then, we prepare a new dataset called RainCityscapes with rain streaks and fog on real outdoor photos. Furthermore, we design an end-to-end deep neural network, where we train it to learn depth-attentional features via a depth-guided attention mechanism, and regress a residual map to produce the rain-free image output. We performed various experiments to visually and quantitatively compare our method with several state-of-the-art methods to demonstrate its superiority over the others.

关键词： rain NEBULISED fogs fog Streak Visual effects Dataset Cameras

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Collaborative Multi-View Convolutions With Gating For Accurate And Fast Volumetric Medical Image Segmentation

Collaborative Multi-View Convolutions With Gating For Accura...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Cheng Li Jin Ye Junjun He Shanshan Wang Lixu Gu Yu Qiao Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging SIAT CAS Shenzhen China Shenzhen Key Lab of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition SIAT-SenseTime Joint Lab SIAT CAS Shenzhen China SIAT Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen China School of Biomedical Engineering/the Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665412469;9781665429474

Due to their high capacity in capturing 3D spatial information, 3D Fully Convolutional Neural Networks (3D FCNs), especially 3D U-Net, are prevalent for volumetric medical image segmentation. However, 3D convolutions are much more computationally complex than 2D convolutions and thus, are more prone to overfitting. This paper proposes Collaborative Multi-View convolutions (CMV convs) that can keep the model complexity similar to those employing 2D convolutions while capturing the 3D spatial context like 3D convolutions. Specifically, CMV convs simultaneously extract information from three orthogonal views with three parameter-shared 2D convolutions. A Global-Guided Gating mechanism (3G) is further designed that selectively passes information from CMV convs to the next stage. Combined with 3G, a CMV conv become a G-CMV conv that constitutes a plug-and-play module, which can be easily integrated into various 3D CNNs for image segmentation. Extensive experiments utilizing BraTS18 dataset have been conducted. Our method achieves competitive results compared to state-of-the-art methods with over 10× fewer parameters than 3D-UNet.

关键词： Solid modeling Image segmentation Interpolation Three-dimensional displays Computational modeling Biological system modeling Collaboration

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Adaptive Federated Learning for EEG Emotion Recognition

Adaptive Federated Learning for EEG Emotion Recognition

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Calvin Chan Qingqing Zheng Chengjian Xu Qiong Wang Pheng Ann Heng Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and Virtual Reality Technology Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong

ISBN: (数字)9798350359312

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359329

Emotion classification based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals has drawn huge attention in affective brain computer interface (BCI). Recently, plenty of deep learning approaches have been proposed to improve the performance of EEG emotion recognition, especially the application of domain adaptation methods to tackle the challenge of large individual differences of EEG signals from subject to subject. However, these conventional transfer learning methods would result in information leakage during the sharing of domain data to enhance the accuracy of the target tasks. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a distributed deep learning method, named adaptive federated learning (AdaFL) for EEG emotion recognition. In AdaFL, a server collaboratively learns a global model by adaptively aggregating the local models according to their importance in several communication rounds. In particular, an importance function is developed to evaluate each client, which would determine to select a subset of optimal clients for subsequent global model aggregation. The function is a simple transformation of the training loss and the sample size of the local models. Then, the resulting importance scores of selected clients are further converted into aggregation coefficients to measure the weights of the local models for global model aggregation. The distinct advantage of AdaFL is that the cross-subject information could be well utilized and the information leakage risk could be significantly reduced. To validate the efficacy of the proposed AdaFL, we conduct extensive experiments on two real EEG emotion datasets, i.e., SEED and DEAP. The experimental results show that the proposed AdaFL has achieved 94.95 ± 0.40% and 91.06 ± 0.29% average classification accuracy on the SEED and DEAP datasets, respectively, which reflects the superiority of our method over the state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： Training Deep learning Adaptation models Emotion recognition Accuracy Federated learning Brain modeling

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A CNN-Based Position Control Method for Under-Actuated Cable-Driven Serpentine Manipulator

A CNN-Based Position Control Method for Under-Actuated Cable...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics

作者： Jiahao Fang Xueyi Zhang Xingchao Wang Xiaoqiang Ji Ning Tan Zhenglong Sun School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society (AIRS) Shenzhen China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems (HIT) Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665405362

Continuum robots or serpentine manipulators have dexterous bodies that fit in narrow space and have advantages over traditional robot arms. In this paper, universal joints were involved in our serpentine manipulator to reinforce its stiffness. In order to have a more compact physical body without compensating much of the dexterity, the manipulator should be under-actuated. For mechanical errors, assembly errors and deformation of components, it is not likely to design the full kinematics model. Also for cable-driven manipulator, the actuation of the driven- cables are always highly coupled. In this paper, we proposed a CNN-based control method to learn the actual kinematics of the manipulator by introducing an ideal model mapping from the cable actuation to joint space. In such manner, we can achieve self-learnt kinematics model with reduced risk of damage in cable.

关键词： Shape Conferences Biomimetics Position control Kinematics Arms Aerospace electronics

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Rediscovering BCE Loss for Uniform Classification

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Qiufu Jia, Xi Zhou, Jiancan Shen, Linlin Duan, Jinming National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Computer Vision Institute Shenzhen University SZU Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society China School of Computer Science University of Birmingham United Kingdom Aqara Lumi United Technology Co. Ltd China

This paper introduces the concept of uniform classification, which employs a unified threshold to classify all samples rather than adaptive threshold classifying each individual sample. We also propose the uniform classification accuracy as a metric to measure the model’s performance in uniform classification. Furthermore, begin with a naive loss, we mathematically derive a loss function suitable for the uniform classification, which is the BCE function integrated with a unified bias. We demonstrate the unified threshold could be learned via the bias. The extensive experiments on six classification datasets and three feature extraction models show that, compared to the SoftMax loss, the models trained with the BCE loss not only exhibit higher uniform classification accuracy but also higher sample-wise classification accuracy. In addition, the learned bias from BCE loss is very close to the unified threshold used in the uniform classification. The features extracted by the models trained with BCE loss not only possess uniformity but also demonstrate better intra-class compactness and inter-class distinctiveness, yielding superior performance on open-set tasks such as face recognition. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Self-slimmed vision Transformer

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Zong, Zhuofan Li, Kunchang Song, Guanglu Wang, Yali Qiao, Yu Leng, Biao Liu, Yu School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University China SenseTime Research China ShenZhen Key Lab of Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition SIAT-SenseTime Joint Lab Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China SIAT Branch Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society China Shanghai AI Laboratory China

vision transformers (ViTs) have become the popular structures and outperformed convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on various vision tasks. However, such powerful transformers bring a huge computation burden, because of the exhausting token-to-token comparison. The previous works focus on dropping insignificant tokens to reduce the computational cost of ViTs. But when the dropping ratio increases, this hard manner will inevitably discard the vital tokens, which limits its efficiency. To solve the issue, we propose a generic self-slimmed learning approach for vanilla ViTs, namely SiT. Specifically, we first design a novel Token Slimming Module (TSM), which can boost the inference efficiency of ViTs by dynamic token aggregation. As a general method of token hard dropping, our TSM softly integrates redundant tokens into fewer informative ones. It can dynamically zoom visual attention without cutting off discriminative token relations in the images, even with a high slimming ratio. Furthermore, we introduce a concise Feature Recalibration Distillation (FRD) framework, wherein we design a reverse version of TSM (RTSM) to recalibrate the unstructured token in a flexible auto-encoder manner. Due to the similar structure between teacher and student, our FRD can effectively leverage structure knowledge for better convergence. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments to evaluate our SiT. It demonstrates that our method can speed up ViTs by 1.7× with negligible accuracy drop, and even speed up ViTs by 3.6× while maintaining 97% of their performance. Surprisingly, by simply arming LV-ViT with our SiT, we achieve new state-of-the-art performance on ImageNet. Code is available at https://***/Sense-X/SiT. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Distillation

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94 GHz Three-Dimensional Imaging Radar for Environmental Detection 8

94 GHz Three-Dimensional Imaging Radar for Environmental Det...

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8th Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation, APCAP 2019

作者： Wu, HongMing Qi, Feng Wang, Jinkuan Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang Institute of Automation Shenyang110016 China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Processing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China Key Lab of Image Understanding and Computer Vision Liaoning Province Shenyang110016 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665400541

At present, With the development of technology, the high resolution of millimeter wave (terahertz) can be applied to environmental sensing imaging. In this paper, Using the frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar technique with a 1GHz bandwidth, we show experimentally that a high-resolution real time imaging radar operating at 93.5-94.5GHz is capable of detecting different car models at standoff ranges of 12 m. We also achieved 3D high-resolution imaging of the building. at 140 meters. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Millimeter waves

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Image saliency detection via multi-feature and manifold-space ranking 2021

Image saliency detection via multi-feature and manifold-spac...

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3rd Asia Pacific Information Technology Conference, APIT 2021

作者： Li, Xiaoli Zhao, Huaici Liu, Yunpeng Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110169 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Processing Shenyang110016 China The Key Lab of Image Understanding and Computer Vision Shenyang110016 China Shenyang Jianzhu University Shenyang110168 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450388108

In this paper, we propose an image saliency detection method by using multi-feature and manifold-space ranking. Basically, the proposed method extracts the color-histogram feature to obtain the fine information of the image, and the color-mean feature to obtain the coarse information respectively. To further improve the detection accuracy of the feature correlation between different image units, a manifold-space ranking method is used to calculate saliency values of image units to construct a saliency map on each feature-space. Specifically, we fuse the two saliency maps to obtain the final saliency map. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method not only outperforms the other methods, but also improves the accuracy and robustness of the saliency detection. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Color

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